1 Kings 14:24

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Kings 14:24 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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1 Kings 14:24 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/1-kings/14/24.

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English Translation
and there were also sodomites in the land: they did according to all the abominations of the nations which Yahweh drove out before the children of Israel.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    and there were also sodomites in the land: they did according to all the abominations of the nations which Yahweh drove out before the children of Israel.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And there were also sodomites in the land: and they did according to all the abominations of the nations which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And also a cultic prostitute was in the land. They did according to all of the abominations of the nations that Yahweh had dispossessed from the face of the sons of Israel.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    and there were also sodomites in the land: they did according to all the abominations of the nations which Yahweh drove out before the children of Israel.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    There were even male shrine prostitutes in the land. They imitated all the abominations of the nations the LORD had driven out before the Israelites.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    There were even male shrine prostitutes in the land. They imitated all the abominations of the nations the LORD had driven out before the Israelites.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And there were also sodomites in the land: and they did according to all the abominations of the nations which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    and there were also sodomites in the land: they did according to all the abominations of the nations which Jehovah drove out before the children of Israel.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    and there were also sodomites in the land: they did according to all the abominations of the nations which the LORD drave out before the children of Israel.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    There were also Sodomites in the lande, they did according to all the abominations of the nations, which the Lord had cast out before the children of Israel.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    There were also the effeminate in the land, and they did according to all the abominations of the people whom the Lord had destroyed before the face of the children of Israel.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and also a whoremonger hath been in the land; they have done according to all the abominations of the nations that Jehovah dispossessed from the presence of the sons of Israel.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and a whoremonger has also been in the land; they have done according to all the abominations of the nations that YHWH dispossessed from the presence of the sons of Israel.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    There were also cultic prostitutes in the land. They did the same despicable practices as the nations that Yahweh had driven out before the people of Israel.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And also a cultic prostitute was in the land. They did according to all of the abominations of the nations that Yahweh had dispossessed from the face of the sons of Israel.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    and there were also sodomites in the land. They did according to all the abominations of the nations that Jehovah had dispossessed before the children of Israel.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    There were also sodomites in the land. They did according to all the abominations of the nations which the LORD drove out before the children of Israel.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And there were also sodomites in the land: and they did according to all the abominations of the nations which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    There were even cult prostitutes in the land. They followed all the disgusting practices of the nations that the Lord had driven out before the Israelites.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And more than this, there were those in the land who were used for sex purposes in the worship of the gods, doing the same disgusting crimes as the nations which the Lord had sent out before the children of Israel.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    and there were also sodomites in the land; they did according to all the abominations of the nations which the LORD drove out before the children of Israel.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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קָדֵ֖שׁ
qâdêsh
H6945
“male prostitute”
Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
Part of Speech
Adjective
Type
Adjective
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
State
Absolute
Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H6942

TWOT: 1990c

male temple prostitute
  1. וְגַם gam H1571 “and · also” Conjunction + Particle, Accusative
  2. הָיָ֣ה hâyâh H1961 “to be” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  3. בָאָ֑רֶץ ʼerets H776 “in/at the · land” Preposition, Determined + Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Absolute
  4. עָשׂ֗וּ ʻâsâh H6213 “to do” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural
  5. כְּכֹל֙ kôl H3605 “like/as · all of” Preposition + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  6. הַתּוֹעֲבֹ֣ת tôwʻêbah H8441 “the · abominations of” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Construct
  7. הַגּוֹיִ֔ם gôwy H1471 “the · nations” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
  8. אֲשֶׁר֙ ʼăsher H834 “which” Particle, Relative
  9. הוֹרִ֣ישׁ yârash H3423 “to inherit” Verb, Hiphil, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  10. יְהוָ֔ה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 “LORD” Noun, Proper
  11. מִפְּנֵ֖י pânîym H6440 “from · face(s) of” Preposition + Noun, Common, Both, Plural, Construct
  12. בְּנֵ֥י bên H1121 “sons of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct
  13. יִשְׂרָאֵֽל Yisrâʼêl H3478 “Israel” Noun, Proper

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

14
words
14
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is קָדֵ֖שׁ male prostitute H6945 — appearing just 6 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

קָדֵ֖שׁ male prostitute H6945 occurs in 6 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 3 verbs
  • 8 nouns
  • 1 adjective
  • 2 particles

Verb forms

  • הָיָ֣ה Qal · Perfect
  • עָשׂ֗וּ Qal · Perfect
  • הוֹרִ֣ישׁ Hiphil · Perfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 27 words from the Hebrew and 29 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

Cross-references

8

Topical passages linked to 1 Kings 14:24 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Deuteronomy 23:17 There shall be no prostitute of the daughters of Israel, neither shall there be a sodomite of the sons of Israel.
  • 1 Kings 15:12 He put away the sodomites out of the land, and removed all the idols that his fathers had made.
  • 2 Kings 23:7 He broke down the houses of the sodomites, that were in the house of Yahweh, where the women wove hangings for the Asherah.
  • 1 Corinthians 6:9 Or don't you know that the unrighteous will not inherit the Kingdom of God? Don't be deceived. Neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor male prostitutes, nor homosexuals,
  • Genesis 19:5 They called to Lot, and said to him, "Where are the men who came in to you this night? Bring them out to us, that we may have sex with them."
  • 1 Kings 22:46 The remnant of the sodomites, that remained in the days of his father Asa, he put away out of the land.
  • Judges 19:22 As they were making their hearts merry, behold, the men of the city, certain base fellows, beset the house round about, beating at the door; and they spoke to the master of the house, the old man, saying, Bring forth the man who came into your house, that we may know him.
  • Romans 1:24–27 Therefore God also gave them up in the lusts of their hearts to uncleanness, that their bodies should be dishonored among themselves,

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Kings 14:24 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְגַם קָדֵ֖שׁ הָיָ֣ה בָאָ֑רֶץ עָשׂ֗וּ כְּכֹל֙ הַתּוֹעֲבֹ֣ת הַגּוֹיִ֔ם אֲשֶׁר֙ הוֹרִ֣ישׁ יְהוָ֔ה מִפְּנֵ֖י בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

and there were also sodomites in the land: they did according to all the abominations of the nations which Yahweh drove out before the children of Israel.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Kings 14:24 Septuagint · lemma form
And there was a conspiracy in the land, and they did according to all the abominations of the nations which the Lord removed from before the children of Israel.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וְאַף נַפְקַת בָּרָא הֲוָה בְּאַרְעָא עֲבַדוּ כְּכֹל תּוּעֲבַת עַמְמַיָא דִי תָרִיךְ יְיָ מִן קֳדָם בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 1 Kings 14:24 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

1Ki 14:24 And there were also sodomites in the land: [and] they did according to all the abominations of the nations which the LORD cast out before the children of Israel.

Ver. 24. And there were also sodomites in the land.] Meritorii, male harlots, unnaturally filthy. The word here used signifieth holy ones: either by antiphrasis in a contrary meaning, or because such abomination was committed under a pretext of religion. These abandoned their bodies to suffer abominable lust. This is common in Turkey, and under the Papacy.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Joseph Benson's Commentary

1Ki 14:24. There were also sodomites in the land — The kind of wickedness here referred to often attended idolatry, 1Ki 15:12; 2Ki 23:7; for among the heathen the most filthy things were practised in these shady, dark places, their groves: and such wickedness, it appears from the passages now quoted, existed at this time among the Israelites, who, out of devotion to some false god or other, prostituted their bodies, contrary to nature, to be abused in honour of those gods, in direct opposition to the law, Deu 23:17. They did according to all the abominations of the nations, &c. — They dishonoured God by the sin of idolatry, and therefore God left them to dishonour their own bodies in this abominable manner.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

Where idolatry reigneth, all horrible vices are committed, till at length God’s just judgment destroy them utterly.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 24. There were also sodomites in the land] קדשים kedeshim, consecrated persons; persons who had devoted themselves, in practices of the greatest impurity, to the service of the most impure idols.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(24) Sodomites.—See 1Ki_15:12; 2Ki_23:7. There is a horrible significance in the derivation of this word, which is properly “consecrated,” or “devoted;” for it indicates the license, and even the sanction, of unnatural lusts in those consecrated to the abominations of Nature-worship. The appearance of such in the land, whether Canaanites or apostate Israelites, is evidently noted as the climax of the infinite corruption which had set in, rivalling—and, if rivalling, exceeding in depth of wickedness—the abominations of the old inhabitants of the land. That such horrors are not incompatible with advance in knowledge and material civilisation, history tells us but too plainly. To find them sanctioned under cover of religious ritual marks, however, a lower depth still.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

24. which the Lord cast (R.V. drave) out] The change of R.V. brings the expression into harmony with nearly all the rest of the places where this verb occurs. The same alteration is needed in 1Ki_21:26; 2Ki_16:3; 2Ki_17:8; 2Ki_21:2, but has not been made in R.V.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And it came to pass in the fifth year of King Rehoboam,.... Two years after he and his people fell into the above wicked practices:

that Shishak, king of Egypt came up against Jerusalem; of whom see Kg1 11:40, this was suffered as a chastisement from the Lord for their abominations.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

Sodomites - literally, ” (men) consecrated.” The men in question were in fact “consecrated” to the mother of the gods, the famous “Dea Syra,” whose priests, or rather devotees, they were considered to be. The nature of the ancient idolatries is best understood by recollecting that persons of this degraded class practiced their abominable trade under a religious sanction.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

The effeminate. Catamites, or men addicted to unnatural lust. (Challoner) --- This crime had been punished in the Sodomites, and in the people of Chanaan, and of Benjamin. Yet they continued prevalent in the country, chap. xv. 12., and 4 Kings xxiii. 7., and Isaias ii. 6., and 2 Machabees iv. 12. (Calmet) --- These were perpetrated in honour of Venus, Priapus, &c. (Menochius) See Deuteronomy xxiii. 17. (Haydock)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Sodomites, i.e. males, who prostituted their bodies to the filthy lusts of others; of whom See Poole "Deu 23:17"; who also did this in the worship and to the honour of their idols as also the women did, Num 25:1,2. And this might be one occasion of so great a spreading of idolatry among the lustful Israelites. And, on the other side, God doth frequently punish idolatry with corporeal uncleanness, Rom 1:21,28. See 1Ki 15:12; 22:46; 2Ki 23:7.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

24. Sodomites — The consecrated ones; that is, persons (male prostitutes) consecrated to the practice of lewdness as a religious rite. The English word implies that this was the abominable crime against nature from which the inhabitants of Sodom and Gomorrah have derived their lasting infamy. This abominable consecration to unnatural lust was practised among many of the ancient nations, and even, as appears from this verse, infected the chosen people.

In the land — Guilty before God must have been those Israelites who would tolerate sodomy among them. It is not said that any of the Israelites themselves practised sodomy, though, perhaps, this was in some instances the case; but the nation that tolerated such abominations, even in the heathen dwelling in their land, was virtually a partaker of their sins.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

And there were also Sodomites vdeq; a collective noun = (1Ki_15:12) = consecrated persons or devotees, because they were set apart to the service of Astarte, the Dea Syria. It is clear from Deu_23:18 (Heb.) that male prostitutes are here spoken of, the name of the female being hvdeq. The former is described in ver. 19, 20. c. as a dog, the latter as a whore in the land cf. 1Ki_15:12. It is highly probable that these infamous persons were of Canaanite or Phoenician origin (this being a Phoenician superstition, Movers, "Phoniz." 1:671), but it is somewhat precarious to found an assertion to that effect on these last words (as Bahr), and Heb. omits and they did according to all the abominations of the nations (see Lev_18:20.; Deu_18:9-12) which the Lord cast out before the children of Israel. "Here we see a reason for God"s command, requiring the extirpation of the Canaanites" (Wordsworth).

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

Abomination - They dishonoured God by one sin, and then God left them to dishonour themselves by another.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

Prostitution. Prostitution.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Kings, in the Historical, opens this verse with 14 words (14 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is qâdêsh (“male prostitute”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “male prostitute” (qâdêsh) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. Deuteronomy 23:17 shares the word «male prostitute» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  3. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  4. The verb «הָיָ֣ה» is Qal Perfect. How does its form color the action?
  5. Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Joseph Benson's Commentary read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

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Old Testament
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Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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