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1 Chronicles 20:8

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Chronicles 20:8 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Cite this verse

1 Chronicles 20:8 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/1-chronicles/20/8.

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English Translation
These were born to the giant in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    These were born to the giant in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    These were born unto the giant in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    These were born to Rapha in Gath. And they fell by the hand of David and by the hand of his servants.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

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Show all 17 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    These were born to the giant in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    So these descendants of Rapha in Gath fell at the hands of David and his servants.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    So these descendants of Rapha in Gath fell at the hands of David and his servants.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    These were born unto the giant in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    These were born unto the giant in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    These were born unto the giant in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    These were borne vnto Haraphah at Gath, and fell by the hand of Dauid: and by the hands of his seruants.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    These were born to the giant in Gath, and they fall by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    These were born to the giant in Gath, and they fall by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    These were descendants of the Rephaim of Gath, and they were killed by the hand of David and by the hand of his soldiers.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    These were born to Rapha in Gath. And they fell by the hand of David and by the hand of his servants.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    These were born to Rapha in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    These were born to the giant in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David and by the hand of his servants.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    These were born to the giant in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    These were the descendants of the giants in Gath, but they were all killed by David and his men.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    These were of the offspring of the Rephaim in Gath; they came to their death by the hands of David and his servants.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    These were born unto the giant in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David and by the hand of his servants.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

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About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

9
words
8
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is אֵ֛ל these H411 — appearing just 9 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

אֵ֛ל these H411 occurs in 9 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 2 verbs
  • 6 nouns
  • 1 pronoun

Verb forms

  • נוּלְּד֥וּ Niphal · Perfect
  • וַיִּפְּל֥וּ Qal · Sequential Imperfect

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • בְיַד hand H3027 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 23 words from the Hebrew and 26 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

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Cross-references

4

Topical passages linked to 1 Chronicles 20:8 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Romans 8:31 What then shall we say about these things? If God is for us, who can be against us?
  • Joshua 14:12 Now therefore give me this hill-country, of which Yahweh spoke in that day; for you heard in that day how the Anakim were there, and cities great and fortified: it may be that Yahweh will be with me, and I shall drive them out, as Yahweh spoke.
  • Ecclesiastes 9:11 I returned, and saw under the sun, that the race is not to the swift, nor the battle to the strong, neither yet bread to the wise, nor yet riches to men of understanding, nor yet favor to men of skill; but time and chance happen to them all.
  • Jeremiah 9:23 Thus says Yahweh, Don't let the wise man glory in his wisdom, neither let the mighty man glory in his might, don't let the rich man glory in his riches;

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Chronicles 20:8 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

אֵ֛ל נוּלְּד֥וּ לְהָרָפָ֖א בְּגַ֑ת וַיִּפְּל֥וּ בְיַד דָּוִ֖יד וּבְיַד עֲבָדָֽיו

These were born to the giant in Gath; and they fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Chronicles 20:8 Septuagint · lemma form

οὗτος γίγνομαι ραφα ἐν γεθ πᾶς εἰμί τέσσαρες γίγας καί πίπτω ἐν χείρ δαυίδ καί ἐν χείρ παῖς αὐτός

These were born to Rapha in Geth; all four were giants, and they fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, Adam Clarke's Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 1 Chronicles 20:8 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 8. These were born unto the giant in Gath] "These were born להרפא leharapha, to that Rapha in Gath, or to Arapha." So the Vulgate, Septuagint, and Chaldee.

THE compiler of these books passes by also the incest of Amnon with his sister Tamar, and the rebellion of Absalom, and the awful consequences of all these. These should have preceded the fourth verse. These facts could not be unknown to him, for they were notorious to all; but he saw that they were already amply detailed in books which were accredited among the people, and the relations were such as no friend to piety and humanity could delight to repeat. On these grounds the reader will give him credit for the omission. See on 1Ch 20:1.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(8) These (’çl), a rare word, found eight times in the Pentateuch with the article, here only without; perhaps an error of transcription. Samuel, “these four.” The chronicler has omitted one giant. (See 1Ch_20:4.)

The giant.—The Rephaite: that is, the clan or tribe of Rephaim. They need not have been brothers.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

8. These were born unto the giant in Gath] Again “giant” is the Heb. “Rapha.” The meaning is that these belonged to a branch of the Rephaim which was settled in Gath.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

These were born unto the giant in Gath. The parallel place reads, "These four," etc. The first of the four in view there is not mentioned here. The account is given in, 2Sa_21:15-17. And as it was in that encounter that David himself played the chief part (though, apparently, it was Abishai who dealt Ishbi-benob the fatal blow in "succouring" David) the notice of it would have seemed necessary to complete fully the sense of the following clauses, "They fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants." Still this, it may justly be argued, may have been the very reason of the form of expression here chosen, coupling David"s work and that of his servants. This brief summary in the last verse of this chapter, as also in the last verse of the corresponding chapter, just serves to reveal to us the nexus that bound together the three or four exploits for narration. It consisted in the common descent of the four giant victims.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

They fell,&c. - We need not fear great men against us, while we have the great God for us.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 9 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʼêl (“these”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. The word ʼêl carries the sense “these.” How does it shape the verse?
  2. How does Genesis 19:8, which shares the word «these», read alongside this verse?
  3. What does the repetition of “hand” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
  4. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  5. «נוּלְּד֥וּ» is a Niphal Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  6. Compare how Adam Clarke's Commentary and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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Reading text

Shown beneath each verse's original-language words.

Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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