Isaiah 25:12

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Isaiah 25:12 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Isaiah 25:12 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/isaiah/25/12.

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English Translation
The high fortress of your walls has he brought down, laid low, and brought to the ground, even to the dust.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    The high fortress of your walls has he brought down, laid low, and brought to the ground, even to the dust.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And the fortress of the high fort of thy walls shall he bring down, lay low, and bring to the ground, even to the dust.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And the fortification of the height of your walls, he will bring down, he will bring low, he will make touch the ground, to the dust.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    The high fortress of your walls has he brought down, laid low, and brought to the ground, even to the dust.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    The high-walled fortress will be brought down, cast to the ground, into the dust.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    The high-walled fortress will be brought down, cast to the ground, into the dust.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And the fortress of the high fort of thy walls shall he bring down, lay low, and bring to the ground, even to the dust.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And the high fortress of thy walls hath he brought down, laid low, and brought to the ground, even to the dust.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And the fortress of the high fort of thy walls hath he brought down, laid low, and brought to the ground, even to the dust.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    The defence also of the height of thy walles shall he bring downe and lay lowe, and cast them to the ground, euen vnto the dust.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    And the bulwarks of thy high walls shall fall, and be brought low, and shall be pulled down to the ground, even to the dust.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    And the fortress of the high place of thy walls He hath bowed down -- He hath made low, He hath caused `it' to come to the earth, -- unto dust.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    And the fortress of the high place of your walls || He has bowed down—He has made low, || He has caused [it] to come to the earth—to dust.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    Your high fortress walls he will bring down to the ground, to the dust.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And the fortification of the height of your walls, he will bring down, he will bring low, he will make touch the ground, to the dust.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And the fortress of the high defences of thy walls will he bring down, lay low, bring to the ground, into the dust.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    He has brought the high fortress of your walls down, laid low, and brought to the ground, even to the dust.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And the fortress of the high fort of thy walls will he bring down, lay low, and bring to the ground, even to the dust.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    Moab, he will demolish your fortress with the high walls, bringing it down to the ground, into the dust.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And the strong tower of your walls has been broken by him, made low, and crushed even to the dust.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And the high fortress of thy walls will He bring down, lay low, and bring to the ground, even to the dust.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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מִשְׂגַּ֣ב
misgâb
H4869
“Misgab of”
Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
Part of Speech
Noun
Type
Common
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
State
Construct
Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H7682

TWOT: 2234a

Misgab = "height" - high place, refuge, secure height, retreat (noun masculine) - stronghold - refuge (of God) - a place in Moab (noun proper locative)
  1. וּמִבְצַ֞ר mibtsâr H4013 “and · fortress of” Conjunction + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  2. חוֹמֹתֶ֗יךָ chôwmâh H2346 “walls · your” Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 2nd Person, Masculine, Singular
  3. הֵשַׁ֥ח shâchach H7817 “to bow down” Verb, Hiphil, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  4. הִשְׁפִּ֛יל shâphêl H8213 “to humble” Verb, Hiphil, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  5. הִגִּ֥יעַ nâgaʻ H5060 “to touch” Verb, Hiphil, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  6. לָאָ֖רֶץ ʼerets H776 “to/for the · land” Preposition, Determined + Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Absolute
  7. עַד ʻad H5704 “until” Preposition
  8. עָפָֽר ʻâphâr H6083 “dust” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

9
words
9
distinct lemmas
Prophets
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is מִשְׂגַּ֣ב Misgab H4869 — appearing just 17 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

מִשְׂגַּ֣ב Misgab H4869 occurs in 16 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 3 verbs
  • 5 nouns
  • 1 preposition

Verb forms

  • הֵשַׁ֥ח Hiphil · Perfect
  • הִשְׁפִּ֛יל Hiphil · Perfect
  • הִגִּ֥יעַ Hiphil · Perfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 21 words from the Hebrew and 22 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 9 Hebrew tokens and 14 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

9

Topical passages linked to Isaiah 25:12 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Isaiah 26:5 For he has brought down those who dwell on high, the lofty city: he lays it low, he lays it low even to the ground; he brings it even to the dust.
  • Revelation 18:21 A mighty angel took up a stone like a great millstone and cast it into the sea, saying, "Thus with violence will Babylon, the great city, be thrown down, and will be found no more at all.
  • Isaiah 13:19–22 Babylon, the glory of kingdoms, the beauty of the Chaldeans' pride, shall be as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah.
  • Isaiah 14:23 I will also make it a possession for the porcupine, and pools of water: and I will sweep it with the broom of destruction, says Yahweh of Hosts.
  • Isaiah 15:1 The burden of Moab. For in a night Ar of Moab is laid waste, [and] brought to nothing; for in a night Kir of Moab is laid waste, [and] brought to nothing.
  • Jeremiah 51:58 Thus says Yahweh of hosts: The broad walls of Babylon shall be utterly overthrown, and her high gates shall be burned with fire; and the peoples shall labor for vanity, and the nations for the fire; and they shall be weary.
  • Jeremiah 51:64 and you shall say, Thus shall Babylon sink, and shall not rise again because of the evil that I will bring on her; and they shall be weary. Thus far are the words of Jeremiah.
  • 2 Corinthians 10:4–5 for the weapons of our warfare are not of the flesh, but mighty before God to the throwing down of strongholds,
  • Hebrews 11:30 By faith, the walls of Jericho fell down, after they had been encircled for seven days.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Isaiah 25:12 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וּמִבְצַ֞ר מִשְׂגַּ֣ב חוֹמֹתֶ֗יךָ הֵשַׁ֥ח הִשְׁפִּ֛יל הִגִּ֥יעַ לָאָ֖רֶץ עַד עָפָֽר

The high fortress of your walls has he brought down, laid low, and brought to the ground, even to the dust.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Isaiah 25:12 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ὁ ὕψος ὁ καταφυγή ὁ τοῖχος σύ ταπεινόω καί καταβαίνω ἕως ὁ ἔδαφος

And he shall bring down the height of the refuge of the wall, and it shall come down even to the ground.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וּכְרַךְ תְּקוֹף כְּרַכֵּי עַמְמַיָא יְמַגֵר יִרְמֵי יִמְטֵי לְאַרְעָא עַד עַפְרָא:

    He shall cast down the fortified city, the great city; he shall thrust it down, it shall come to the earth, even to the dust.

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Isaiah 25:12 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Isa 25:12 And the fortress of the high fort of thy walls shall he bring down, lay low, [and] bring to the ground, [even] to the dust.

Ver. 12. Shall he bring down, &c.] To show that there is no strength against the Lord, the true πτολιπορθος.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

fortress--the strongholds of Moab, the representative of the foes of God's people [BARNES]. Babylon [MAURER]. The society of infidels represented as a city (Rev 11:8).

As the overthrow of the apostate faction is described in the twenty-fifth chapter, so the peace of the faithful is here described under the image of a well-fortified city.

Next: Isaiah Chapter 26

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(12) And the fortress of the high fort of thy walls . . .—Primarily the words, as interpreted by Isa_25:10, point to Kir-Moab (Isa_15:1) as the stronghold of the nation. Beyond this they predict a like destruction of every stronghold, every rock-built fortress (2Co_10:5) of the great world-power of which Moab was for the time the symbol.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

12. the fortress … walls] Better perhaps, the towering fortification of thy walls. This verse has suggested the identification of the city of Isa_25:2, Isa_26:5 f. with a city of Moab. The expressions of the verse are certainly remarkably parallel to those of Isa_26:5, to which Duhm thinks that it was a marginal variant. Other commentators also have surmised that it is misplaced.

shall he bring down, &c.] R.V. more literally, hath he brought down, &c. The perfects, however, may be those of certainty.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And the fortress of the high fort of thy walls shall he bring down,.... That is, their high and, fenced walls, which were about their cities, the fortifications of them; these should be destroyed by the Lord, be battered and brought down, not being able to stand against his mighty power. The Targum renders it,

"the mighty city, the cities of the nations;''

and may design the city of Rome, and the cities of the nations that shall fall at the pouring out of the seventh and last vial, Rev 16:19 it follows,

lay low, and bring to the ground, even to the dust; which variety of words without any copulative are used to express the sudden, quick, certain, and irrecoverable destruction of such fortified city, or cities, and their fortifications.

Next: Isaiah Chapter 26

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

And the fortress ... - Thy strong defenses shall be destroyed. This is spoken of Moab (compare the notes at Isa 15:1-9;Isa 16:1-14), and is designed to be emblematic of the enemies of the people of God (compare the notes at Isa. 34) The repetition of the expressions ‘bring down,’ ‘lay low,’ and ‘bring to the ground,’ is designed to make the sentence emphatic, and to indicate that it would certainly be accomplished.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

The fortress of the high fort of thy walls; all thy walled cities and fortifications, to which thou trustest.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

The fortress of the high fort... shall he bring down, etc.; rather, hath he bowed down, laid low, brought down to earth. The past mercies of God in abasing the pride of the Church"s foes, rather than any further mercies of the same kind, seem to be here spoken of. Mr. Cheyne suggests that the verse is out of place.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

And - All thy fortifications, in which thou trustest.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

J. A. Alexander on Isaiah

Joseph Addison Alexander

“And the fortress of the high fort of thy walls He hath cast down, humbled, brought to the ground, to the very dust (or even to the dust).” The specific fulfillment of this prophecy cannot be distinctly traced in history. It was certainly verified, however, in the downfall of the Moabitish nation, whenever it took place.

Joseph Addison Alexander, The Prophecies of Isaiah (1846–1847; New York: Scribner, 1870–1878) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

the strength of your walls He addresses Moab.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Ibn Ezra

Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra

Thy walls. The pronoun refers to Moab.

השח השפיל He brought down, he laid low., Rashi: towers, Kimchi: the wrists, R. Jonah: the multitude, A. V., the spoils. Asyndeton; comp. כרע שכב נפל He bowed, he fell, he lay down (Judg. 5:27). The past is used here because the action was already completed in the time of Sennacherib.

Ibn Ezra on the Tanakh — English translations: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “Yalkut, Sifsei Chachomim Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009” (CC BY 4.0); and “Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Isaiah, in the Prophets, opens this verse with 9 words (9 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is misgâb (“Misgab”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “Misgab” (misgâb) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. How does 2 Samuel 22:3, which shares the word «Misgab», read alongside this verse?
  3. The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
  4. «הֵשַׁ֥ח» is a Hiphil Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  5. Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Jamieson, Fausset & Brown read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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