Ezekiel 45:23

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Ezekiel 45:23 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Ezekiel 45:23 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/ezekiel/45/23.

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English Translation
The seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to Yahweh, seven bulls and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a male goat daily for a sin-offering.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    The seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to Yahweh, seven bulls and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a male goat daily for a sin-offering.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to the LORD, seven bullocks and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a kid of the goats daily for a sin offering.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    For the seven days of the festival, the prince will prepare a burnt offering for Yahweh: Seven bulls and seven unblemished rams each day for seven days, and a male goat each day as a sin offering.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    The seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to Yahweh, seven bulls and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a male goat daily for a sin-offering.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    Each day during the seven days of the feast, he shall provide seven bulls and seven rams without blemish as a burnt offering to the LORD, along with a male goat for a sin offering.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    Each day during the seven days of the feast, he shall provide seven bulls and seven rams without blemish as a burnt offering to the LORD, along with a male goat for a sin offering.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to the LORD, seven bullocks and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a kid of the goats daily for a sin offering.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And the seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt-offering to Jehovah, seven bullocks and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a he-goat daily for a sin-offering.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And the seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to the LORD, seven bullocks and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a he-goat daily for a sin offering.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And in the seuen dayes of the feast he shall make a burnt offring to the Lord, euen of seuen bullockes, and seuen rammes without blemish dayly for seuen dayes, and an hee goate dayly for a sinne offring.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    And in the solemnity of the seven days he shall offer for a holocaust to the Lord, seven calves, and seven rams without blemish daily for seven days: and for sin a he goat daily.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    And the seven days of the feast he prepareth a burnt-offering to Jehovah, seven bullocks, and seven rams, perfect ones, daily seven days, and a sin-offering, a kid of the goats, daily.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    And [on] the seven days of the celebration he prepares a burnt-offering to YHWH, seven bullocks, and seven rams, perfect ones, daily [for] seven days, and a sin-offering, a kid of the goats, daily.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    For the seven days of the festival, the prince will prepare a burnt offering for Yahweh: Seven bulls and seven unblemished rams each day for seven days, and a male goat each day as a sin offering.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    For the seven days of the festival, the prince will prepare a burnt offering for Yahweh: Seven bulls and seven unblemished rams each day for seven days, and a male goat each day as a sin offering.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And the seven days of the feast he shall offer a burnt-offering to Jehovah, seven bullocks and seven rams without blemish daily for the seven days; and a he-goat daily for a sin-offering.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    The seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to the LORD, seven bulls and seven rams without defect daily the seven days; and a male goat daily for a sin offering.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt-offering to the LORD, seven bullocks and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a kid of the goats daily for a sin-offering.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    Every day for the seven days of the festival, he will provide seven bulls and seven rams without defects as a burnt offering to the Lord, together with a male goat for a sin offering.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And on the seven days of the feast he is to give a burned offering to the Lord, seven oxen and seven sheep without any mark on them, every day for seven days; and a he-goat every day for a sin-offering.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And the seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt-offering to the LORD, seven bullocks and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a he-goat daily for a sin-offering.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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שְׂעִ֥יר
sâʻîyr
H8163
“goat of”
Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
Part of Speech
Noun
Type
Common
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
State
Construct
Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H8175

TWOT: 2274c , 2274e

hairy (adjective) - he-goat, buck (noun masculine) - as sacrificial animal - satyr, may refer to a demon possessed goat like the swine of Gadara ( Mat 8:30-32 )
  1. וְשִׁבְעַ֨ת shebaʻ H7651 “and · seven” Conjunction + Adjective, Cardinal number, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  2. יְמֵֽי yôwm H3117 “days of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct
  3. הֶחָ֜ג chag H2282 “the · feast” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  4. יַעֲשֶׂ֧ה ʻâsâh H6213 “to do” Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  5. עוֹלָ֣ה ʻôlâh H5930 “burnt offering” Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  6. לַֽיהוָ֗ה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 “to/for · LORD” Preposition + Noun, Proper
  7. שִׁבְעַ֣ת shebaʻ H7651 “seven” Adjective, Cardinal number, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  8. פָּ֠רִים par H6499 “bullocks” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
  9. וְשִׁבְעַ֨ת shebaʻ H7651 “and · seven” Conjunction + Adjective, Cardinal number, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  10. אֵילִ֤ים ʼayil H352 “rams” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
  11. תְּמִימִם֙ tâmîym H8549 “complete” Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
  12. לַיּ֔וֹם yôwm H3117 “to/for the · day” Preposition, Determined + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  13. שִׁבְעַ֖ת shebaʻ H7651 “seven” Adjective, Cardinal number, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  14. הַיָּמִ֑ים yôwm H3117 “the · days” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
  15. וְחַטָּ֕את chaṭṭâʼâh H2403 “and · sin offering” Conjunction + Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  16. עִזִּ֖ים ʻêz H5795 “female goats” Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Absolute
  17. לַיּֽוֹם yôwm H3117 “to/for the · day” Preposition, Determined + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

18
words
12
distinct lemmas
Prophets
section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

שְׂעִ֥יר goat H8163 occurs in 57 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 1 verb
  • 12 nouns
  • 5 adjectives

Verb forms

  • יַעֲשֶׂ֧ה Qal · Imperfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • וְשִׁבְעַ֨ת seven H7651 ×4
  • יְמֵֽי day H3117 ×4

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 33 words from the Hebrew and 43 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 18 Hebrew tokens and 28 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

7

Topical passages linked to Ezekiel 45:23 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Leviticus 23:8 But you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh seven days. In the seventh day is a holy convocation: you shall do no regular work.'"
  • Job 42:8 Now therefore, take to yourselves seven bulls and seven rams, and go to my servant Job, and offer up for yourselves a burnt offering; and my servant Job shall pray for you, for I will accept him, that I not deal with you according to your folly. For you have not spoken of me the thing that is right, as my servant Job has."
  • Numbers 23:1–2 Balaam said to Balak, Build me here seven altars, and prepare me here seven bulls and seven rams.
  • Numbers 28:15–31 One male goat for a sin-offering to Yahweh; it shall be offered besides the continual burnt offering, and the drink-offering of it.
  • Numbers 29:5 and one male goat for a sin-offering, to make atonement for you;
  • Numbers 29:11–38 one male goat for a sin-offering; besides the sin-offering of atonement, and the continual burnt offering, and the meal-offering of it, and their drink-offerings.
  • Hebrews 10:8–12 Previously saying, "Sacrifices and offerings and whole burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin you didn't desire, neither had pleasure in them" (those which are offered according to the law),

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Ezekiel 45:23 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְשִׁבְעַ֨ת יְמֵֽי הֶחָ֜ג יַעֲשֶׂ֧ה עוֹלָ֣ה לַֽיהוָ֗ה שִׁבְעַ֣ת פָּ֠רִים וְשִׁבְעַ֨ת אֵילִ֤ים תְּמִימִם֙ לַיּ֔וֹם שִׁבְעַ֖ת הַיָּמִ֑ים וְחַטָּ֕את שְׂעִ֥יר עִזִּ֖ים לַיּֽוֹם

The seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to Yahweh, seven bulls and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a male goat daily for a sin-offering.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Ezekiel 45:23 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ὁ ἑπτά ἡμέρα ὁ ἑορτή ποιέω ὁλοκαύτωμα ὁ κύριος ἑπτά μόσχος καί ἑπτά κριός ἄμωμος κατά ἡμέρα ὁ ἑπτά ἡμέρα καί ὑπέρ ἁμαρτία ἔριφος αἴξ κατά ἡμέρα

And for the seven days of the feast he shall offer as whole burnt offerings to the Lord seven calves and seven rams without blemish daily for the seven days; and a kid of the goats daily for a sin-offering, and a meat-offering.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וְשַׁבְעָא יוֹמֵי דְחַגָא יַעְבֵּיד עֲלָתָא קֳדָם יְיָ שַׁבְעָא תוֹרִין וְשַׁבְעָא דִכְרִין שָׁלְמִין לְיוֹמָא שַׁבְעַת יוֹמִין וְחַטָאתָא צְפִיר בַּר עִזֵי לְיוֹמָא:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Ezekiel 45:23 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Eze 45:23 And seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to the LORD, seven bullocks and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a kid of the goats daily [for] a sin offering.

Ver. 23. A burnt offering.] In token of self-denial.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

23. kid of the goats] a he goat. For prepare, provide, so Eze_45:24.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to the Lord,.... Which is as follows:

seven bullocks and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; that is, a bullock and a ram for each day:

and a kid of the goats daily for a sin offering; all which were typical of Christ, signified by the "bullock", for his labour and patience; by the "ram", for his strength; and by the kid of the goats, for his likeness of sinful flesh, and having the sins of his people reckoned to him; which made him of ill savour to the justice and holiness of God, and for which he fell a sacrifice. This is also different from the law of Moses, which required two young bullocks, one ram, and seven lambs, Num 28:19 and therefore Jarchi confesses he knew not how to make this Scripture stand, or establish the sense of it.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

After the first day’s offering, Eze 45:22, or else after the fifteenth day was over, though first more likely. The prince at his own charge is to get ready day by day seven bullocks, seven rams, perfect without blemish, as the law required, and one kid each day of the seven; in all forty-nine bullocks, as many rams, and seven kids of the goats. These the priests were to offer to make atonement for the prince and his people.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

Vers. 23, 24 The deviations of Ezekiel"s Torah from that of Moses in regard to the offerings to be made during the seven days of the feast are also unmistakable. (see Num_28:19-22)

(1) While the Pentateuchal code demanded, as a daily burnt offering, two bullocks, one ram, and seven yearling lambs, this of Ezekiel prescribes seven bullocks and seven rams.

(2) While that enjoined, as a meat offering, three-tenths of an ephah of flour mixed with oil for each bullock, two-tenths for a ram, and one-tenth for each lamb, this asks an ephah of flour with a hin of oil for each bullock and each ram.

(3) The sin offering in the new Torah should be the same as in the old, a he-goat daily.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

General Information:

Yahweh continues giving Ezekiel his message to the princes of Israel.

food offering

This is also called a "grain offering."

Seven bulls and seven unblemished rams

"Seven bulls and seven rams that are completely healthy"

an ephah

You may convert this to a modern measure. AT: "twenty-two liters" (See: Biblical Volume)

a hin

You may convert this to a modern measure. AT: "four liters" (See: Biblical Volume)

each ephah

You may convert this to a modern measure. AT: "each twenty-two liters" (See: Biblical Volume)

translationWords

burnt offering

ewe

goat

grain offering

oil

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

seven bulls and seven rams without blemish daily But the Torah states (Num. 28:19): “two young bulls, one ram.” We can explain this verse only as meaning seven bulls and seven rams for the seven days, a bull daily and a ram daily, and it comes to teach us that the bulls do not render each other invalid and the rams do not render each other invalid. [I.e., if one bull is missing, the other one may be brought.] So we learned in Menahoth (45a); however, they did not bring proof from this verse but from the verse below (46:6): “But on the New Moon: a young bull from those without blemish, and six lambs and a ram.” But perhaps this too comes to teach the same thing, and this is its meaning: seven bulls and seven rams daily. By adding the sacrifices of each day on its day, they add up to seven bulls for the seven days.

and a sin-offering, a he-goat daily the he-goats of the pilgrimage festivals.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Ezekiel, in the Prophets, opens this verse with 18 words (12 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is sâʻîyr (“goat”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. What does “goat” (sâʻîyr) contribute to the verse as a whole?
  2. How does Genesis 27:11, which shares the word «goat», read alongside this verse?
  3. What does the repetition of “seven” (4× in this one verse) do in this verse?
  4. These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
  5. «יַעֲשֶׂ֧ה» is a Qal Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  6. Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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Old Testament
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Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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