2 Samuel 22:33

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 2 Samuel 22:33 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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2 Samuel 22:33 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/2-samuel/22/33.

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English Translation
God is my strong fortress; He guides the perfect in his way.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    God is my strong fortress; He guides the perfect in his way.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    God is my strength and power: and he maketh my way perfect.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    This God my fortress of strength, and he makes my way perfect,

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    God is my strong fortress; He guides the perfect in his way.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    God is my strong fortress and He makes my way clear.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    God is my strong fortress, and He makes my way clear.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    God is my strength and power: and he maketh my way perfect.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    God is my strong fortress; And he guideth the perfect in his way.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    God is my strong fortress: and he guideth the perfect in his way.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    God is my strength in battel, and maketh my way vpright.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    God who hath girded me with strength, and made my way perfect.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    God -- my bulwark, `my' strength, And He maketh perfect my way;
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    God—my bulwark, [my] strength, || And He makes my way perfect;
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    God is my refuge, and he leads the blameless person on his path.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    This God my fortress of strength, and he makes my way perfect,
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    ùGod is my strong fortress, And he maketh my way perfectly smooth.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    God is my strong fortress. He makes my way perfect.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    God is my strength and power: and he maketh my way perfect.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    God makes me strong and keeps me safe.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    God puts a strong band about me, guiding me in a straight way.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    The God who is my strong fortress, and who letteth my way go forth straight;

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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וַיַּתֵּ֥ר
nâthar
H5425
“and · to tremble”
Conjunction + Verb, Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
Part of Speech
Conjunction + Verb
Stem
Hiphil
Form
Sequential Imperfect
Person
3rd Person
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 1448 , 1449

to start up, tremble, shake, spring up - (Qal) to start up - (Piel) to leap - (Hiphil) to cause to start up - to loose, let loose, undo, be free, be loose - (Hiphil) - to unfasten, loosen - to set free, unbind
  1. הָאֵ֥ל ʼêl H410 “the · God” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  2. מָעוּזִּ֖י mâʻôwz H4581 “refuge · my” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 1st Person, Common, Singular
  3. חָ֑יִל chayil H2428 “strength” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  4. תָּמִ֖ים tâmîym H8549 “complete” Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  5. דרכו derek H1870 “way · his” Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  6. דַּרְכִּֽי derek H1870 “way · my” Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 1st Person, Common, Singular

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

7
words
6
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is וַיַּתֵּ֥ר to tremble H5425 — appearing just 8 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וַיַּתֵּ֥ר to tremble H5425 occurs in 8 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 1 verb
  • 5 nouns
  • 1 adjective

Verb forms

  • וַיַּתֵּ֥ר Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 12 words from the Hebrew and 17 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the Septuagint runs noticeably longer here. See the side-by-side →

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 7 Hebrew tokens and 12 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

18

Topical passages linked to 2 Samuel 22:33 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Ephesians 6:10 Finally, be strong in the Lord, and in the strength of his might.
  • Psalms 27:1 Yahweh is my light and my salvation. Whom shall I fear? Yahweh is the strength of my life. Of whom shall I be afraid?
  • Psalms 28:7–8 Yahweh is my strength and my shield. My heart has trusted in him, and I am helped. Therefore my heart greatly rejoices. With my song I will thank him.
  • Isaiah 41:10 Don't you be afraid, for I am with you; don't be dismayed, for I am your God; I will strengthen you; yes, I will help you; yes, I will uphold you with the right hand of my righteousness.
  • Philippians 4:13 I can do all things through Christ, who strengthens me.
  • Hebrews 13:21 make you complete in every good work to do his will, working in you that which is well pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen.
  • Psalms 31:3–4 For you are my rock and my fortress, Therefore for your name's sake lead me and guide me.
  • Psalms 46:1 God is our refuge and strength, A very present help in trouble.
  • Psalms 119:1 Blessed are those whose ways are blameless, Who walk according to Yahweh's law.
  • 2 Corinthians 12:9 He has said to me, "My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness." Most gladly therefore I will rather glory in my weaknesses, that the power of Christ may rest on me.
  • Exodus 15:2 Yah is my strength and song, He has become my salvation: This is my God, and I will praise him; My father's God, and I will exalt him.
  • 2 Samuel 22:2 and he said, Yahweh is my rock, and my fortress, and my deliverer, even mine;
  • Zechariah 10:12 I will strengthen them in Yahweh; And they will walk up and down in his name," says Yahweh.
  • Psalms 18:32 The God who arms me with strength, and makes my way perfect?
  • Psalms 101:6 My eyes will be on the faithful of the land, That they may dwell with me. He who walks in a perfect way, He will serve me.
  • Deuteronomy 18:13 You shall be perfect with Yahweh your God.
  • Job 22:3 Is it any pleasure to the Almighty, that you are righteous? Or does it benefit him, that you make your ways perfect?
  • Psalms 101:2 I will be careful to live a blameless life. When will you come to me? I will walk within my house with a blameless heart.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

Here the Septuagint runs noticeably longer than the Hebrew — LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) 17 words vs World English Bible 12. A rough length comparison of the two English translations, not a word-level alignment — read both below.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 2 Samuel 22:33 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

הָאֵ֥ל מָעוּזִּ֖י חָ֑יִל וַיַּתֵּ֥ר תָּמִ֖ים דרכו דַּרְכִּֽי

God is my strong fortress; He guides the perfect in his way.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 2 Samuel 22:33 Septuagint · lemma form

ὁ ἰσχυρός ὁ κραταιός ἐγώ δύναμις καί ἐκτινάσσω ἄμωμος ὁ ὁδός ἐγώ

It is the Mighty One who strengthens me with might, and has prepared my way without fault.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    אֱלָהָא דְסָעִיד לִי בְּחֵילָא וּמְתַקַן שְׁלִים אוֹרְחִי:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 2 Samuel 22:33 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

The Biblical Illustrator

Joseph S. Exell

2Sa_22:33-34

He maketh my way perfect.

The perfect way indicated

A gentleman crossing the English Channel stood near the helmsman. It was a calm and pleasant evening, and no one dreamed of a possible danger to their good ship. But a sudden flapping of a sail, as if the wind had shifted, caught the ear of the officer on watch, and he sprang at once to the wheel, examining closely the compass. You are half a point off the course, he said sharply to the man at the wheel. The deviation was corrected, and the officer returned to his post. You must steer very accurately, said the looker-on, when only half a point is so much thought of. Ah! half a point in many places might bring us directly on the rocks, he said. What avails being almost right, if destruction is the end? Many, it is to be feared, have missed eternal life by half a point. Alas, many Christians allow slight deviations from the law of Christ in their lives. He is daily with us to correct us, and we attain to the perfect way only by implicit obedience to the word of the Captain of our Salvation.

The perfect rule for the path of life

The Bible is so strict and old-fashioned, said a young man to a greyhaired friend who was advising him to study Gods Word if he would learn how to live. There are plenty of books written nowadays that are moral enough in their teaching, and dont bind me down as the Bible does. The old merchant turned to his desk and took down a couple of rulers, one of which was slightly bent. With each of these he ruled a line, and silently handed the ruled paper to his companion. Well, said the lad, what do you mean? One line is straight and true, is it not? Now, my young friend, when you mark your path in life, do not use a crooked ruler!

God made ways for our feet

God does not make straight even paths all alike, as in great cities now. There is infinite variety in the paths He makes, and He can make them anywhere. Think you not that He who made the spider able to drop anywhere, and to spin its own path as it goes, is not able to spin a path for you through every blank or perplexity, or depression? (C. A. Fox.)

Go straight and keep steady

While walking in the country with several relatives, a little girl came to a deep ditch which could only be crossed by a narrow plank. Though for a time she feared to cross, she suddenly looked round and exclaimed: Grandpa, you go first; you are the heaviest, and I want to see how you do it. After watching her grandparent safely over the plank, the child said: Oh, I can do that; you have only to go straight and keep steady. May we net learn that if we would go the way that God has opened, we have but to follow His Word, go straight, and keep our faith steady? Our difficulties may be overcome if we will but allow God to clear the way, instead of attempting to do so in our own strength. (The Advertiser.)

Our way perfected by the hand of another

I sometimes think of it as of a child sitting in a boat. The child does not know the coast, and it very little understands how to row. If the child were left to itself, pulling upon the oars, its right hand being a little stronger than the other, it would be all the time veering the boat to the right, and the boat would be constantly turning round and round. The child would, perhaps, make its way out of the harbour and into the ocean, and it would be carried away and lost if there were no guiding power in the boat except its own. But there in the stern sits the father. The uneven strokes of the child would carry the boat this way or that way out of its course; but the steady hand of the father overcomes those uneven strokes; and all the mistakes with the oars are rectified by the rudder, and the boat keeps the right course. So that the force exerted by the child, though misdirected, all works for good when the father guides. (H. W. Beecher.)

The Biblical Illustrator, edited by Joseph S. Exell (c. 1880s–1900s) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(33) God is my strength and power.—Better, my strong fortress. The psalm has quite a different thought, which is expressed in 2Sa_22:40, “It is God that girdeth me with strength.”

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

33. my strength and power] Rather, my strong fortress. Psa_18:32 reads “who girdeth me with strength:” cp. 2Sa_22:40.

maketh my way perfect] Maketh is a different word from that similarly translated in Psa_18:32, and seems to express the removal of obstacles which blocked up the path of his life. Observe the analogy between the perfection of God’s way (2Sa_22:31) and His servant’s. Cp. Mat_5:48. Cp. also Psa_101:2; Psa_101:6.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

God is my Strength.

God who girdeth me with strength". (Psa_18:32) Physical strength is derived from God. Much more is spiritual. It is obtained through faith. And every believer may say, "His strength is mine." Thereby:

1. I live live unto God, "soberly, righteously, and godly in this present world" (Tit_2:12; Heb_2:4; Gal_2:20)

2. I stand stand fast in temptation, attack, danger (Rom_14:4; 2Co_1:24; Php_4:1)

3. I walk walk forward, in the way of the Lord, surely, swiftly (ver. 34), perseveringly (2Co_5:7; Isa_40:31)

4. I labour labour with and for God, zealously, patiently, and not in vain (Isa_26:12; 1Co_15:58)

5. I endure endure "hardness," afflictions, reproaches, yea, all things, supported and "strengthened with power through his Spirit in the inward (2Ti_2:3; Heb_11:27; Psa_138:3)

1. I fight fight "the good fight of faith," against his enemies, courageously and effectually (ver. 35).

2. I overcome overcome in life and death. D. (1Co_15:57)

Divine protection and guidance.

The experience of David, and the purpose of the psalm, naturally lead to repetition of declarations and images descriptive of the protection and guidance which had been vouchsafed to him. They are not unsuitable to record the convictions and feelings of every good man as he reviews the past and anticipates the future. This verse in the Revised Version reads, "God is my strong Fortress, and he guideth the perfect in his way.

I GOD IS OUR STRONG FORTRESS. A fortress is a protection against enemies.

1. We have powerful foes. The world and the flesh, the devil and his angels, assault us continually, and would destroy, not only our peace, but our souls. They are too strong and numerous for our power and skill; and no creature power is sufficient for our defence.

2. God is our Almighty Protector. The Fortress into which we can flee, and where we are safe; which no enemy can scale or breach. His presence surrounds us; his power defends us. Yea, he is in our hearts to strengthen and protect us. Everywhere, and under all circumstances, we can resort to this Refuge, and defy our foes. We should therefore be ready to go anywhere and do anything at God"s command. He may lead us where temptations are numerous and powerful; but obeying and trusting him, we are secure.

II GOD IS OUR ALL WISE GUIDE. The reading and translation preferred by the Revisers gives a good sense, harmonizing with many statements of Holy Writ. "He guideth the perfect in his way," or, perhaps, "his God"s way." The man who is "perfect" in the sense of "upright," sincere, true, righteous, wholehearted, may be assured of Divine guidance; while the insincere, hypocritical, double minded, shall be left to go astray. In the margin of the Revised Version, however, another reading and rendering are given, viz. "guideth my way in perfectness," which appears to be substantially in agreement with the Authorized Version, "maketh my way perfect.

1. God leads his people in their way. By his providence, Word, Spirit. In respect to the affairs of this life, and those of the soul and eternity. He guides them into the position he has chosen for them, and to and in the work he appoints for them. "The steps of a good man are ordered by the. (Psa_37:23)

2. His lead is perfect. Such was the conclusion of the psalmist in reference to his own way. He could see that all had been ordered aright for the accomplishment of the Divine purposes respecting him. Such will be the conclusion of all God"s servants at the last; and their faith in God will enable them to cherish this conviction now, notwithstanding all the perplexities in which they may be involved. The way in which they may be led may not be always pleasant; but it is:

(1) The best way. The way of holiness; the way in which they can gain most real good, serve and honour God most, be most useful, attain ultimately the greatest glory and felicity.

(2) The safe way. Sometimes a way which avoids enemies and perils; in other cases, a way through the midst of them, which God makes safe by his protection.

(3) The way that ends in eternal glory and blessedness. It is "the way of life which goeth upward". (Pro_15:24, Revised Version) "The end" is "everlasting life". (Rom_6:22) It may be asked how it comes to pass that those who have God for their Guide nevertheless make such grievous mistakes, and fall into so much trouble.

(1) The troubles which spring from want of worldly wisdom, as well as those which arise from circumstances, are under Divine guidance. It is the will of God that his people should suffer, and his benevolent purpose is often made manifest in the spiritual profit and greater usefulness of the sufferers.

(2) Even good men do not fully seek and follow the guidance of God. They too frequently choose their own way, and thus fall into mischief. But God, in his goodness, does not therefore forsake them. He leads those who are true at heart out of the evils into which they have brought themselves, turns their very sins and follies to account in training them for further service, and brings them safe home at last.

The lessons are:

1. Be thankful for such a Guide.

2. See to it that you ever honestly seek and submit to his guidance. By the study of his Word and providence, and by earnest prayer, inquire what is the way in which he would have you go; and, when you see it, walk in it. G.W.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

He cleared my path to perfection. From any obstacle, from any sin and from any danger until there was peace and [the land was] conquered.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

2 Samuel, in the Historical, opens this verse with 7 words (6 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is nâthar (“to tremble”). The Greek Septuagint runs longer here. A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. The word nâthar carries the sense “to tremble.” How does it shape the verse?
  2. How does Leviticus 11:21, which shares the word «to tremble», read alongside this verse?
  3. What does the repetition of “way” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
  4. The Septuagint runs longer here than the Hebrew. What might account for the difference?
  5. The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
  6. «וַיַּתֵּ֥ר» is a Hiphil Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  7. Compare how The Biblical Illustrator and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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Shown beneath each verse's original-language words.

Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

Comparing translations? Open the Compare panel on any verse page to stack up to four side by side.