שְׁמֹנִים
eighty
‘eighty’ is one of 4 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Adjective
- A word that describes or qualifies a noun.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Both
- Attested as both masculine and feminine.
Number
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Every verse where H8084 appears in the Book of 1 Samuel — 1 distinct verse. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
1 Samuel
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
שמנים — transliterated shᵉmônîym — is a Hebrew adjective carrying the sense “eighty.” The King James Version usually renders it “fourscore,” while modern versions prefer “years” (unfoldingWord Literal Text) — see the renderings breakdown. Spanning 37 verses in 18 books, it ranks among the moderately common words of the Hebrew Bible. Debuting at Genesis 5:25, it then recurs through the corpus. Its lexical range runs to 4 senses. Each statement above links to its evidence; the full detail follows below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H8084 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 37
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 37 distinct verses.
- 18 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 18 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #947
- by frequency
- Top 1000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 947 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 37 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- 2 Chronicles 7 verses 19%
- Genesis 5 verses 14%
- 1 Kings 3 verses 8%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 37 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 16 verses · 43%
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 13 verses · 35%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 8 verses · 22%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Fourscore 29×, Eighty 3×, Was fourscore 2×
- American Standard Version: Fourscore 27×, Eighty 3×, Was fourscore 2×
- Berean Standard Bible: Eighty 8×, And 2×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Years 5×, And 2×, Were 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H8084 across 38 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 4 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H8084 across 38 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 6 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H8084 across 15 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 5 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 23 further occurrences.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H8084 across 14 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 5 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 24 further occurrences.
Senses in BDB
The 4 senses BDB distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- eighty, fourscore
- eighty (as cardinal number)
- eightieth (as ordinal number)
- in combination with other numbers
Word origin
n.pl.indecl. an eighty;—without other num.: sq. sg. שָׁנָה ψ 90:10 + 4 times, אִישׁ 2 K 10:24; Je 41:5; sq. n.pl. 2 Ch 26:17; Ezr 8:8; Ct 6:8; n. om. 2 K 6:25; 1 Ch 15:9; c. other num., card.: שׁ׳ אֶלֶף Nu 2:9 + 6 times; שׁ׳ foll. units Gn 5:25 + 4 times; precedes, Gn 16:16 + 4 times; foll. 100, etc. 1 Ch 25:7 + 6 times; precedes, Gn 5:26 + 2 times; ordin., בִּשׁ׳ שָׁנָה וְאַרְבַּע מֵאוֹת שָׁנָה לְ 1 K 6:1.
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from שמנה (shᵉmôneh) (H8083) — eight.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
שְׁמֹנִים
- , v. שְׁמֹנֶה
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 18 distinct written forms H8084 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֥ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | Genesis 35:28 | 6 |
| שְׁמֹנִ֣ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | Exodus 7:7 | 4 |
| שְׁמֹנִ֥ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | Ezra 8:8 | 4 |
| שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | Esther 1:4 | 4 |
| וּ/שְׁמוֹנִ֖ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | 2 Chronicles 14:8 | 3 |
| וּ/שְׁמוֹנִ֥ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | 2 Chronicles 2:2 | 3 |
| וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֖ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | Exodus 7:7 | 2 |
| וּ/שְׁמֹנִ֛ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | Genesis 5:25 | 2 |
| בִ/שְׁמוֹנִ֣ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | 1 Kings 6:1 | 1 |
| בִּ/שְׁמֹנִ֣ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | 2 Kings 6:25 | 1 |
| וּ/שְׁמֹנִֽים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | Numbers 4:48 | 1 |
| וּ/שְׁמוֹנִים֙ | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | Genesis 5:26 | 1 |
| שְׁמ֘וֹנִ֤ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | Psalms 90:10 | 1 |
| שְׁמֹנִ֖ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | 2 Samuel 19:32 | 1 |
| שְׁמֹנִ֤ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | 1 Samuel 22:18 | 1 |
| שְׁמוֹנִ֖ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | 2 Chronicles 26:17 | 1 |
| שְׁמוֹנִ֤ים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | 1 Chronicles 7:5 | 1 |
| שְׁמוֹנִֽים | Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute | 1 Chronicles 15:9 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H8084, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 34 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 37 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
- Genesis 5:25
- Exodus 7:7
- Numbers 2:9
- Joshua 14:10
- Judges 3:30
- 1 Samuel 22:18
- 2 Samuel 19:32
- 1 Kings 5:15
- 2 Kings 6:25
- 1 Chronicles 7:5
- 2 Chronicles 2:2
- Ezra 8:8
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
