Numbers 2:9

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

All who were numbered of the camp of Judah were one hundred eighty-six thousand four hundred, according to their divisions. They shall set out first.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים

shᵉmônîym

H8084

“and · eighty”

Conjunction + Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute

Appears 38× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Genesis 5:25

Full BDB Definition

Origin: mult from H8083

TWOT: 2411b

eighty, fourscore - eighty (as cardinal number) - eightieth (as ordinal number) - in combination with other numbers

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

15: words
12: distinct lemmas
Pentateuch: section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים eighty H8084 occurs in 37 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
4 nouns
9 adjectives

Verb forms

הַפְּקֻדִ֞ים Qal · Participle Passive
יִסָּֽעוּ Qal · Imperfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

אֶ֜לֶף thousand H505 ×3
מְאַ֨ת hundred H3967 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 25 words from the Hebrew and 28 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 15 Hebrew tokens and 19 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Numbers 2:9 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Numbers 10:14 In the first [place] the standard of the camp of the children of Judah set forward according to their hosts: and over his host was Nahshon the son of Amminadab.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Numbers 2:9 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

כָּֽל הַפְּקֻדִ֞ים לְמַחֲנֵ֣ה יְהוּדָ֗ה מְאַ֨ת אֶ֜לֶף וּשְׁמֹנִ֥ים אֶ֛לֶף וְשֵֽׁשֶׁת אֲלָפִ֥ים וְאַרְבַּע מֵא֖וֹת לְצִבְאֹתָ֑ם רִאשֹׁנָ֖ה יִסָּֽעוּ

All who were numbered of the camp of Judah were one hundred eighty-six thousand four hundred, according to their divisions. They shall set out first.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Numbers 2:9 Septuagint · lemma form

πᾶς ὁ ἐπισκέπτω ἐκ ὁ παρεμβολή ιουδα ἑκατόν ὀγδοήκοντα χιλιάς καί ἑξακισχίλιοι καί τετρακόσιοι σύν δύναμις αὐτός πρῶτος ἐκαἴρω

All that were numbered of the camp of Juda were one hundred and eighty thousand and six thousand and four hundred: they shall move first with their forces.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

כָּל מִנְיָנַיָא לְמַשְׁרִית יְהוּדָה מְאָה וּתְמָנָן וְשִׁתָּא אַלְפִין וְאַרְבַּע מְאָה לְחֵילֵיהוֹן בְּקַדְמֵיתָא נַטְלִין

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

כָּל מִנְיָינַיָא לְמַשִׁרְיַת יְהוּדָה מְאָה וּתְמָנָן וְשִׁתָּא אַלְפִין וְאַרְבַּע מְאָה לְחֵילְוַותְהוֹן בְּקַדְמֵיתָא נַטְלִין

All the numbered ones of the camp of Jehudah, one hundred and eighty-six thousand four hundred, by their hosts; they shall go forward in front.

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Numbers 2:9 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

Of them which were contained under that name.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

John Gill's Exposition

All that were numbered in the camp of Judah were an hundred thousand and fourscore thousand and six thousand and four hundred,

throughout their armies,.... 186,400 men. The sum total of the three tribes, which formed that camp: this was the largest camp of them all, being near 30,000 more than Dan's, Num 2:31, which was the next in number unto it, and therefore placed foremost, and as the vanguard to the tabernacle:

these shall first set forth; in a march, when about to journey; when they saw the cloud remove, the priests blew with the trumpets, and then the camp of Judah moved first, as Jarchi observes, and when they went out to fight, Judah went up first, Jdg 1:1.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

First. The gate of the tabernacle looked towards the east. (Haydock) --- Juda marched therefore in the first ranks. Then followed Ruben, the Levites, with the camp of the Lord. (Calmet) --- (Yet see chap x. 17.; Haydock) --- Afterwards came Ephraim; and last of all, Gad, ver. 16, 17, 24, 31. But in the camp, Juda, Issachar and Zabulon, Moses and Aaron, dwelt on the eastern side of the tabernacle; Ruben, Simeon and Gad, with the Caathites, to the west; and Dan, Aser and Nephtali, with the Merarites, on the north. (Calmet)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

This was the most numerous camp, because they marched first, as being placed on the east and going towards the east, and because they guarded the sanctuary.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

9. These shall first set forth — Literally, pull up (stakes) first: the first to break up camp and march was to be Judah’s grand division. Mr. Bush, following Rosenmuller, inclines to the opinion that these are the words of Moses, and cites grammatical authority for the use of the future for repeated or customary action — “These uniformly set forth first.” But the future is more frequently used as a mild imperative. Moreover, if it was worthy of God to say any thing about the order, it was of the first importance that he should establish the question of precedence in the march, a point on which victory or defeat might turn.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

These shall first set forth. No order to set forth had been given, but the necessity of doing so was understood, and is here anticipated, as in Num_1:51.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

All the number ... is 186,400

"All the number ... is one hundred and eighty-six thousand four hundred." This number includes all of the men in the tribes that camped under the standard of Judah. AT: "The number of the men camped under the standard of Judah is 186,400" (See: Numbers and Assumed Knowledge and Implicit Information)

the camp of Judah

This refers to the three tribes that camp east of the tent of meeting: the tribes of Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun.

They will set out first

This means that when the Israelite camp moves, the camp of Judah will start walking out before the other tribes do. AT: "When travelling, the camp of Judah will start walking first" or "When the Israelites leave, those tribes will leave first" (See: Ordinal Numbers and Assumed Knowledge and Implicit Information)

translationWords

Judah

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

ראשנה יסעו THESE SHALL FIRST JOURNEY — When they saw the cloud departing, the priests blew the trumpets and the camp of Judah moved off first, but when marching, they marched retaining the positions in which they always encamped: the Levites and the wagons in the centre (v. 17), the division of Judah in the East (v. 8), that of Reuben in the South, Ephraim’s in the West (v. 19) and Dan’s in the North (v. 25).

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Numbers, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 15 words (12 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is shᵉmônîym (“eighty”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “eighty” (shᵉmônîym) shape what this verse is saying?
How does Genesis 5:25, which shares the word «eighty», read alongside this verse?
What does the repetition of “thousand” (3× in this one verse) do in this verse?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
«הַפְּקֻדִ֞ים» is a Qal Participle Passive verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Geneva Bible (1599) and John Gill's Exposition read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

This verse counts 15 Hebrew ↔ 19 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 21 words in this verse.
“thousand” occurs 3× in this single verse.
12 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 15 words in this verse.