Numbers 13:8

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

Of the tribe of Ephraim, Hoshea the son of Nun.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

1 first appearance in the Hebrew Bible

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Word by word

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הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ

Hôwshêaʻ

H1954

“Hosea”

Noun, Proper

Appears 16× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears here

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H3467

TWOT: None

Hosea or Hoshea or Oshea = "salvation" - family name of Joshua, the son of Nun - the 19th and last king of the northern kingdom of Israel - son of Beeri, and the first of the minor prophets; prophet to the northern kingdom of Israel in the reign of Jeroboam II - a son of Azaziah, a chief of Ephraim in the time of David - an Israelite chief who sealed the covenant with Nehemiah

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

5: words
5: distinct lemmas
Pentateuch: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ Hosea H1954 — appearing just 16 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

First appearance in Scripture

This word makes its first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ Hosea H1954

Shared distinctive vocabulary

הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ Hosea H1954 occurs in 15 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

5 nouns

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 10 words from the Hebrew and 10 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 5 Hebrew tokens and 6 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Numbers 13:8 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Exodus 24:13 Moses rose up with Joshua, his servant, and Moses went up onto God's Mountain.
Numbers 11:28 Joshua the son of Nun, the minister of Moses, one of his chosen men, answered, My lord Moses, forbid them.
Exodus 17:9–13 Moses said to Joshua, "Choose men for us, and go out, fight with Amalek. Tomorrow I will stand on the top of the hill with God's rod in my hand."
Exodus 32:17 When Joshua heard the noise of the people as they shouted, he said to Moses, "There is the noise of war in the camp."
Numbers 13:16 These are the names of the men who Moses sent to spy out the land. Moses called Hoshea the son of Nun Joshua.
Numbers 27:18–22 Yahweh said to Moses, Take Joshua the son of Nun, a man in whom is the Spirit, and lay your hand on him;
Deuteronomy 31:7–8 Moses called to Joshua, and said to him in the sight of all Israel, Be strong and of good courage: for you shall go with this people into the land which Yahweh has sworn to their fathers to give them; and you shall cause them to inherit it.
Deuteronomy 31:14 Yahweh said to Moses, Behold, your days approach that you must die: call Joshua, and present yourselves in the tent of meeting, that I may give him a charge. Moses and Joshua went, and presented themselves in the tent of meeting.

Deuteronomy 31:23 He gave Joshua the son of Nun a charge, and said, Be strong and of good courage; for you shall bring the children of Israel into the land which I swore to them: and I will be with you.
Deuteronomy 32:44 Moses came and spoke all the words of this song in the ears of the people, he and Joshua the son of Nun.
Deuteronomy 34:9 Joshua the son of Nun was full of the spirit of wisdom; for Moses had laid his hands on him: and the children of Israel listened to him, and did as Yahweh commanded Moses.
Joshua 1:1–9 Now it happened after the death of Moses the servant of Yahweh, that Yahweh spoke to Joshua the son of Nun, Moses' minister, saying,
Joshua 1:16 They answered Joshua, saying, All that you have commanded us we will do, and wherever you send us we will go.
Joshua 24:1–33 Joshua gathered all the tribes of Israel to Shechem, and called for the elders of Israel, and for their heads, and for their judges, and for their officers; and they presented themselves before God.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Numbers 13:8 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

לְמַטֵּ֥ה אֶפְרָ֖יִם הוֹשֵׁ֥עַ בִּן נֽוּן

Of the tribe of Ephraim, Hoshea the son of Nun.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Numbers 13:8 Septuagint · lemma form

ὁ φυλή ἐφράιμ αυση υἱός ναυη

Of the tribe of Issachar, Ilaal the son of Joseph.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

לְשִׁבְטָא דְאֶפְרַיִם הוֹשֵׁעַ בַּר נוּן

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

לְשִׁבְטָא דְאֶפְרַיִם עַזְגָד הוֹשֵׁעַ בַּר נוּן

for Ephraim, Hoshea bar Nun;

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Numbers 13:8 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Joseph Benson's Commentary

Num 13:8. Oshea — Called also Joshua, Num 13:16.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(8) Of the tribe of Ephraim.—It has been supposed that there is some displacement of the text in this verse. Thus far the order of the tribes is the same as in Num_1:5-8. After Issachar, Zebulun (the sixth son of Leah) would naturally follow, as in Num_1:9, and Ephraim and Manasseh would naturally be connected, as in Num_1:10. This supposition is supported by the occurrence of the name of Joseph in Num_13:7; Num_13:11. The order of the remaining four tribes is the same as in Numbers 1, except that the tribe of Naphtali is placed before, instead of after, that of Gad.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

Of the tribe of Dan, Ammiel the son of Gemalli. See Gill on Num 13:4.

.

Numbers 13:13

num 13:13

num 13:13

num 13:13Of the tribe of Asher, Sethur the son of Michael. See Gill on Num 13:4.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

The Pulpit Commentary

Vers. 8, 9. With God on our side we are in the majority.

Caleb and Joshua here describe

I THE CONDITIONS ON WHICH WE MAY EXPECT GOD TO BE WITH US.

1. The unmerited good pleasure of God. "If the Lord delight in us." This is repeatedly mentioned as the origin of God"s favour to the Israelites (Deu_4:37 Deu_7:7, Deu_7:8, &c.); and to Christians. (Eph_1:3-6 2Ti_1:9, &c.); Only provided that this good pleasure is not forfeited by obstinate disobedience or distrust. So that the second condition is

2. Obedience. "Only rebel not," &c. That generation sinned away the favour of God, though it could not annul his faithfulness. ;

3. Confidence in God. "Neither fear ye the people." To fear them was to distrust God. (Isa_8:13, 14 Heb_13:6, &c.);

II THE CERTAIN SUCCESS OF THOSE WHO ENJOY THE HELP OF GOD. Caleb and Joshua express their confidence in various ways; e.g., in Num_13:30 ("veni, vidi, vici); verse 8, "he will bring us in;" verse 9, "bread for us," &c. The Canaanites dwelt in fortresses, but God, their strength, was departed from them. Israel dwelt in tents, but Pro_18:10. Such confidence we may have, when opposed by foes, human or diabolical, however numerous or powerful. With God on our side we are in the majority. ; (Illus. Exo_14:13 2Ki_6:16 2Ch_14:11 2Ch_20:12 2Ch_32:7, 8 Psa_46:11 Rom_8:31, &c.); A good illustration may be found in a letter of the Prince of Orange after the fall of Haarlem, in which he says, "Before ever I took up the cause of the oppressed Christians in these provinces I had entered into a close alliance with the King of kings," &c. (Motley"s "Rise of the Dutch Republic," Part 3. chapter 9). P. ;

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

Oshea - Called also Joshua, ver. 16.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Numbers, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 5 words (5 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Hôwshêaʻ (“Hosea”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

What does “Hosea” (Hôwshêaʻ) contribute to the verse as a whole?
The word “Hosea” first appears here in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
Numbers 13:16 shares the word «Hosea» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
Reading how Joseph Benson's Commentary and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

1 word makes its first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
This verse counts 5 Hebrew ↔ 6 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 2 words in this verse.
5 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 5 words in this verse.