Deuteronomy 11:23

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

then will Yahweh drive out all these nations from before you, and you shall dispossess nations greater and mightier than yourselves.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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וַעֲצֻמִ֖ים

ʻâtsûwm

H6099

“and · mighty”

Conjunction + Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute

Appears 31× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Genesis 18:18

Full BDB Definition

Origin: pass. part. of H6105

TWOT: 1673d

mighty, vast, numerous - mighty, strong (in number) - numerous, countless

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

12: words
10: distinct lemmas
Pentateuch: section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וַעֲצֻמִ֖ים mighty H6099 occurs in 31 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
5 nouns
2 adjectives
1 pronoun
1 preposition
1 particle

Verb forms

וְהוֹרִ֧ישׁ Hiphil · Sequential Perfect
וִֽירִשְׁתֶּ֣ם Qal · Sequential Perfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

וְהוֹרִ֧ישׁ to inherit H3423 ×2
הַגּוֹיִ֥ם nation H1471 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 21 words from the Hebrew and 21 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 12 Hebrew tokens and 19 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Deuteronomy 11:23 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Deuteronomy 4:38 to drive out nations from before you greater and mightier than you, to bring you in, to give you their land for an inheritance, as at this day.
Deuteronomy 9:1 Hear, Israel: you are to pass over the Jordan this day, to go in to dispossess nations greater and mightier than yourself, cities great and fortified up to the sky,
Exodus 23:27–30 I will send my terror before you, and will confuse all the people to whom you come, and I will make all your enemies turn their backs to you.
Exodus 34:11 Observe that which I command you this day. Behold, I drive out before you the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite.
Deuteronomy 7:1–2 When Yahweh your God shall bring you into the land where you go to possess it, and shall cast out many nations before you, the Hittite, and the Girgashite, and the Amorite, and the Canaanite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite, seven nations greater and mightier than you;
Deuteronomy 7:22–23 Yahweh your God will cast out those nations before you by little and little: you may not consume them at once, lest the animals of the field increase on you.
Deuteronomy 9:5 Not for your righteousness, or for the uprightness of your heart, do you go in to possess their land; but for the wickedness of these nations Yahweh your God does drive them out from before you, and that he may establish the word which Yahweh swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Deuteronomy 11:23 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְהוֹרִ֧ישׁ יְהוָ֛ה אֶת כָּל הַגּוֹיִ֥ם הָאֵ֖לֶּה מִלִּפְנֵיכֶ֑ם וִֽירִשְׁתֶּ֣ם גּוֹיִ֔ם גְּדֹלִ֥ים וַעֲצֻמִ֖ים מִכֶּֽם

then will Yahweh drive out all these nations from before you, and you shall dispossess nations greater and mightier than yourselves.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Deuteronomy 11:23 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ἐκβάλλω κύριος πᾶς ὁ ἔθνος οὗτος ἀπό πρόσωπον σύ καί κληρονομέω ἔθνος μέγας καί ἰσχυρός μᾶλλον ἤ σύ

then the Lord shall cast out all these nations before you, and you⌃ shall inherit great nations and stronger than yourselves.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

וִיתָרֵךְ יְיָ יָת כָּל עַמְמַיָא הָאִלֵין מִקֳדָמֵיכוֹן וְתֵירְתוּן עַמְמִין רַבְרְבִין וְתַקִיפִין מִנְכוֹן

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

וִיתָרִיךְ מֵימְרָא דַיְיָ יַת כָּל עַמְמַיָא הָאִלֵּין מִן קֳדָמֵיכוֹן וְתֵירְתוּן עַמְמִין רַבְרְבִין וְתַקִּיפִין מִנְכוֹן

then will the Word of the Lord drive out all these nations from before you, and you shall possess the heritage of nations greater and stronger than yourselves.

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Deuteronomy 11:23 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

John Gill's Exposition

Behold, I set before you this day a blessing and a curse,.... Meaning the law of God, and the statutes, judgments, and commandments of it; which, if obeyed, blessings would be bestowed upon them; but if disobeyed, they would be liable to the curses of it, as the following words explain it; see Deu 30:15 everyone of the Israelites were called upon to see and consider this matter, it being an interesting one to them all.

everyone of the Israelites were called upon to see and consider this matter, it being an interesting one to them all.

Deuteronomy 11:27

deu 11:27

deu 11:27

deu 11:27A blessing, if ye obey the commandments of the Lord your God,.... That is, a blessing should come upon them, even all temporal blessings they stood in need of; they should be blessed in body and estate, in their families, and in their flocks, in town and country; see Deu 28:1,

which I command you this day; afresh repeated to them, and enjoined them the observation of it in the name of the Lord.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

הוריש ה׳ THEN THE LORD WILL DRIVE OUT [ALL THESE NATIONS FROM BEFORE YOU] — If you do what devolves upon you, “I” will do what devolves upon Me (Sifrei Devarim 49:3; cf. Rashi on v. 14).

ועצמים מכם [YE SHALL POSSESS NATIONS] MIGHTIER THAN YOURSELVES — You are mighty, but they are mightier than you; for if this does not mean to suggest that the Israelites are mighty, what superiority is it that he ascribes to the Amorites by saying “mightier than yourselves”? But the meaning must be: you are mightier than other nations and they are mightier than you (cf. Sifrei Devarim 50:3).

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Deuteronomy, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 12 words (10 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʻâtsûwm (“mighty”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

What does “mighty” (ʻâtsûwm) contribute to the verse as a whole?
Genesis 18:18 shares the word «mighty» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
“to inherit” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
The verb «וְהוֹרִ֧ישׁ» is Hiphil Sequential Perfect. How does its form color the action?
Reading how John Gill's Exposition and Rashi read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

This verse counts 12 Hebrew ↔ 19 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 9 words in this verse.
“to inherit” occurs 2× in this single verse.
10 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 12 words in this verse.