Joshua 23:9

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Joshua 23:9 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Joshua 23:9 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/joshua/23/9.

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English Translation
For Yahweh has driven out from before you great nations and strong: but as for you, no man has stood before you to this day.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    For Yahweh has driven out from before you great nations and strong: but as for you, no man has stood before you to this day.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    For the LORD hath driven out from before you great nations and strong: but as for you, no man hath been able to stand before you unto this day.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Yahweh has dispossessed great and powerful nations from your faces. And you, a man has not stood against your faces to this day.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    For Yahweh has driven out from before you great nations and strong: but as for you, no man has stood before you to this day.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    The LORD has driven out great and powerful nations before you, and to this day no one can stand against you.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    The LORD has driven out great and powerful nations before you, and to this day no one can stand against you.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    For the LORD hath driven out from before you great nations and strong: but as for you, no man hath been able to stand before you unto this day.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    For Jehovah hath driven out from before you great nations and strong: but as for you, no man hath stood before you unto this day.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    For the LORD hath driven out from before you great nations and strong: but as for you, no man hath stood before you unto this day.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    For ye Lord hath cast out before you great nations and mightie, and no man hath stand before your face hitherto.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    And then the Lord God will take away before your eyes nations that are great and very strong, and no man shall be able to resist you.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    And Jehovah is dispossessing from before you nations great and mighty; as for you, none hath stood in your presence till this day;
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    And YHWH is dispossessing great and mighty nations from before you; as for you, none has stood in your presence until this day;
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    For Yahweh has driven out before you large, strong nations. As for you, no one has been able to stand before you to this present day.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Yahweh has dispossessed great and powerful nations from your faces. And you, a man has not stood against your faces to this day.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    For Jehovah hath dispossessed from before you great and strong nations; and as to you, no man hath been able to stand before you unto this day.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    “For the LORD has driven great and strong nations out from before you. But as for you, no man has stood before you to this day.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    For the LORD hath driven out from before you great nations and strong: but as for you, no man hath been able to stand before you to this day.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    The Lord has driven out strong, powerful nations before you. No one has been able to stand up to you to this day.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    For the Lord has sent out from before you nations great and strong: and they have all given way before you till this day.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    wherefore the LORD hath driven out from before you great nations and mighty; but as for you, no man hath stood against you unto this day.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

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וַעֲצוּמִ֑ים
ʻâtsûwm
H6099
“and · mighty”
Conjunction + Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
Part of Speech
Conjunction + Adjective
Type
Adjective
Gender
Masculine
Number
Plural
State
Absolute
Full BDB Definition

Origin: pass. part. of H6105

TWOT: 1673d

mighty, vast, numerous - mighty, strong (in number) - numerous, countless
  1. וַיּ֤וֹרֶשׁ yârash H3423 “and · to inherit” Conjunction + Verb, Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  2. יְהוָה֙ Yᵉhôvâh H3068 “LORD” Noun, Proper
  3. מִפְּנֵיכֶ֔ם pânîym H6440 “from · face(s) · your” Preposition + Noun, Common, Both, Plural, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 2nd Person, Masculine, Plural
  4. גּוֹיִ֖ם gôwy H1471 “nations” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
  5. גְּדֹלִ֣ים gâdôwl H1419 “great” Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
  6. וְאַתֶּ֗ם ʼattâh H859 “and · you” Conjunction + Pronoun, Personal, 2nd Person, Masculine, Plural
  7. לֹא lôʼ H3808 “not” Particle, Negative
  8. עָ֤מַד ʻâmad H5975 “to stand” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  9. אִישׁ֙ ʼîysh H376 “man” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  10. בִּפְנֵיכֶ֔ם pânîym H6440 “in/at · face(s) · your” Preposition + Noun, Common, Both, Plural, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 2nd Person, Masculine, Plural
  11. עַ֖ד ʻad H5704 “until” Preposition
  12. הַיּ֥וֹם yôwm H3117 “the · day” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  13. הַזֶּֽה zeh H2088 “the · this” Particle, Definite Article + Pronoun, Demonstrative, Masculine, Singular

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

14
words
13
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וַעֲצוּמִ֑ים mighty H6099 occurs in 31 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 2 verbs
  • 6 nouns
  • 2 adjectives
  • 2 pronouns
  • 1 preposition
  • 1 particle

Verb forms

  • וַיּ֤וֹרֶשׁ Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect
  • עָ֤מַד Qal · Perfect

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • מִפְּנֵיכֶ֔ם face H6440 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 25 words from the Hebrew and 23 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 14 Hebrew tokens and 21 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

8

Topical passages linked to Joshua 23:9 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Joshua 1:5 There shall not any man be able to stand before you all the days of your life. As I was with Moses, so I will be with you; I will not fail you, nor forsake you.
  • Deuteronomy 11:23 then will Yahweh drive out all these nations from before you, and you shall dispossess nations greater and mightier than yourselves.
  • Exodus 23:30 Little by little I will drive them out from before you, until you have increased and inherit the land.
  • Joshua 23:5 Yahweh your God, he will thrust them out from before you, and drive them from out of your sight; and you shall possess their land, as Yahweh your God spoke to you.
  • Joshua 1:8–9 This book of the law shall not depart out of your mouth, but you shall meditate thereon day and night, that you may observe to do according to all that is written therein: for then you shall make your way prosperous, and then you shall have good success.
  • Joshua 15:14 Caleb drove out there the three sons of Anak: Sheshai, and Ahiman, and Talmai, the children of Anak.
  • Joshua 21:43–44 So Yahweh gave to Israel all the land which he swore to give to their fathers; and they possessed it, and lived therein.
  • Deuteronomy 7:24 He will deliver their kings into your hand, and you shall make their name to perish from under the sky: there shall no man be able to stand before you, until you have destroyed them.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Joshua 23:9 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיּ֤וֹרֶשׁ יְהוָה֙ מִפְּנֵיכֶ֔ם גּוֹיִ֖ם גְּדֹלִ֣ים וַעֲצוּמִ֑ים וְאַתֶּ֗ם לֹא עָ֤מַד אִישׁ֙ בִּפְנֵיכֶ֔ם עַ֖ד הַיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה

For Yahweh has driven out from before you great nations and strong: but as for you, no man has stood before you to this day.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Joshua 23:9 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ἐκὀλεθρεύω αὐτός κύριος ἀπό πρόσωπον σύ ἔθνος μέγας καί ἰσχυρός καί σύ οὐδείς ἀντιἵστημι κατενώπιον σύ ἕως ὁ ἡμέρα οὗτος

And the Lord shall destroy them before you, even great and strong nations; and no one has stood before us until this day.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, The Pulpit Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וְתָרֵיךְ יְיָ מִן קֳדָמֵיכוֹן עַמְמִין רַבְרְבִין וְתַקִיפִין וְאַתּוּן לָא קָם אֱנַשׁ קֳדָמֵיכוֹן עַד יוֹמָא הָדֵין:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Joshua 23:9 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Jos 23:9 For the LORD hath driven out from before you great nations and strong: but [as for] you, no man hath been able to stand before you unto this day.

Ver. 9. For the Lord hath driven out.] He hath and he will, if you hinder not your own happiness by breach of covenant.

No man hath been able to stand before you.] None of all those who either have assailed you, or have been assaulted by you.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Joseph Benson's Commentary

Jos 23:9-10. No man hath been able, &c. — To wit, whom you have attacked; otherwise some of those people did yet remain unconquered. He fighteth — Impute not this therefore to your own valour, as you will be apt to do, but to God’s gracious and powerful assistance.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Tyndale Open Study Notes

Tyndale Open Resources

23:9 Examples of great and powerful nations included the Anakim (11:21-22) and the city of Hazor (11:10).

Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

John Calvin's Commentaries

9. For the Lord has driven out from before you, etc He intimates that so long as they do not themselves change, there will certainly be no change on the part of God. Therefore he asserts that, provided they conciliate the favor of God, they shall have an uninterrupted course of victory. At length he again exhorts them, as they value their life and safety, to be careful in maintaining love to God. From this source all true obedience springs; for if we do not cling to him with free and ardent affection, we shall study in vain to frame our lives in accordance with the external form of the Law.

John Calvin's Commentaries (1540-1563) — public domain. Text from the Calvin Translation Society English edition (1840s-50s) via the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (ccel.org). Calvin's coverage is partial (roughly two-thirds of the Bible); uncommented books and verses are honest gaps, never fabricated. The 19th-century editor's footnotes and remarks are omitted so the notes are faithfully Calvin's own voice.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(9) No man hath been able to stand before you.—Comp. Jos_1:5.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

9. For the Lord] He again reminds them of the true Source of their strength, and to Whom they were indebted for their late victories.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

For the Lord hath driven out before you great nations and strong,.... Especially as they were reckoned in those times, before any great monarchies had existed, as did afterwards; and indeed these were, considering the land they inhabited, very numerous and populous, and were very stout and able bodied men, and some of a gigantic stature; and all dwelt in strong fortified cities, and were able to bring out large armies into the field, with chariots of iron, so that they were very formidable; but notwithstanding all this, the Lord drove them out of their strong holds, and put Israel into the possession of them, and of their land:

but as for you, no man hath been able to stand before you unto this day; that is, of those that came out against them, and fought with them; these were all to a man cut off by them, or fled before them, and became tributaries to them; otherwise there were many, who as yet were not expelled by them; this the Lord had promised, and now had fulfilled, Deu 11:25.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

To wit, whom you have invaded; otherwise some of those people did yet remain unconquered.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

9. The Lord hath driven out — Or, as the margin, then the Lord will drive. In this way this sentence becomes the apodosis of the previous verse — For if ye cleave… then the Lord will drive. No man hath been able to stand whom ye have courageously confronted, trusting in God.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

For the Lord your God hath driven out. So the Masora and the LXX The Vulgate and the margin of our version translate by the future. So Luther also. The next verse is undeniably future. An appeal to their experience, which did not fail (see Jos_24:31) to be effective as long as the memory of these things was fresh in their minds. So in the Prayer Book of the Church of England we find the appeal, "O God, we have heard with our ears, and our fathers have declared unto us, the noble works that thou didst in their days, and in the old time before them." And the passage, (Psa_44:1-3) from which the idea of this petition is taken, is an allusion to this speech of Joshua. And we often, in times of faintheartedness or sloth, need to be thus reminded of the moral and spiritual victories of the true Israel, under the true Joshua the Saviour, over the enemies with whom we are forbidden to make a compromise.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

No man - To wit, whom you have invaded; otherwise some of those people did yet remain unconquered.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

to stand before you

Here "stand" represents holding ground in a battle. The word "you" refers to the entire nation of Israel. (See: Metonymy and Forms of You)

single

only one

a thousand

"1,000" (See: Numbers)

translationWords

nation

God

love

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Joshua, in the Historical, opens this verse with 14 words (13 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʻâtsûwm (“mighty”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. The word ʻâtsûwm carries the sense “mighty.” How does it shape the verse?
  2. Genesis 18:18 shares the word «mighty» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  3. “face” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
  4. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  5. The verb «וַיּ֤וֹרֶשׁ» is Hiphil Sequential Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
  6. Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Joseph Benson's Commentary read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

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