Acts 17:18

Act 17:18. Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans and of the Stoics encountered him — Greek, συνεβαλλον αυτω, opposed themselves to him. The Epicureans entirely denied a providence, and held the world to be the effect of mere chance; asserting sensual pleasure to be man’s chief good, and that the soul and body died together. The Stoics held that matter was eternal; that all things were governed by irresistible fate; that virtue was its own sufficient reward, and vice its own sufficient punishment. It is easy to see how happily the apostle levels his discourse at some of the most important errors of each sect, while, without expressly attacking either, he gives a plain summary of his own religious principles. Some said, What will this babbler say? — Such is the language of natural reason, full of, and satisfied with, itself. The expression, rendered babbler, σπερμολγος, (which properly signifies a contemptible person, that picks up scattered seed in the market, or elsewhere, and which Dr. Doddridge translates, retailer of scraps; and Mr. Fleming, holder forth;) admirably expresses the contempt which these philosophers had of this unknown foreigner, who pretended to teach all the several professors of their learned and illustrious body. Yet even here Paul had some fruit, though nowhere less than at Athens. And no wonder, since this city was a seminary of philosophers, who have ever been the pest of true religion. Others said, He seemeth to be a setter forth — Καταγγελευς, a proclaimer (this expression he returns to them at Act 17:23) of strange gods — Such as are not known even at Athens. The original expression, Ξενων δαιμονιων, signifies strange, or foreign demons. By demons, however, they did not understand devils, or evil beings, as we do; but rather men, who had lived on earth, and were afterward deified; distinguishing them from the θεοι, or gods, who, they thought, were such by nature. Because he preached to them Jesus and the resurrection — The former of which, through their negligence in attending they ridiculously took for a deified man, and the other for a goddess. And, as stupid as this mistake was, it is the less to be wondered at, since the Athenians might as well count the resurrection a deity, as shame, famine, and desire; or as the fever, and some other things too scandalous to be here named, were accounted deities among the Romans.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

17:18 Epicurean . . . philosophers: Epicureanism was a popular school of Greek philosophy, founded by Epicurus (341–270 BC). Epicureans believed that the principal aim of life was to secure happiness. They thought of pleasure not in terms of sensual indulgence, as their critics charged, but in terms of tranquility. Their contemporaries often called them atheists; in their view, there were no gods to fear, and death simply marked the end of human existence. They sought their security in organized communities where they could live in contentment apart from society. • Stoic philosophers: Stoicism was founded by Zeno of Citium (335–263 BC) and became the most influential philosophy in the Greco-Roman world. It viewed the universe as permeated by Reason (sometimes referred to as God or Providence). Stoicism saw divine Reason as expressed in human reason and held that as humans made progress, they could advance from ignorance (the source of vice) to true knowledge (the source of virtue). They developed extensive lists of virtues and vices and produced detailed household codes to guide family behavior. Paul’s teaching resembles that of the Stoics in his use of household codes and lists of virtues and vices (Gal 5:19-23; Eph 5:22-33; Col 3:18–4:1; 1 Tim 3:1-13; 5:1–6:1). However, Paul’s message of Good News—focusing on the life, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ—was strange and foreign to these Greek philosophers. • The air of superiority with which they addressed Paul as this babbler indicates their arrogance.

Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Act 17:18. [Τινὲς, some) It is not without danger to despise any one, before that you have informed yourself what kind of a person he is.—V. g.]—συνέβαλλον) encountered him.—τί, what) The pride of overloaded (satisfied with its own fulness) and fastidious (contemptuous) reason hereby gives itself vent.—σπερμόλογος) Hesychius explains σπερμόλογος as φλύαρος, καὶ ὁ τὰ σπέρματα συλλέγων, καὶ κολοιῶδες ζῶον, a seed-picker, trifling and jackdaw like. Compare Eustathius. The seed of Paul was not without its fruit: whereas the philosophers of Athens were void of all fruit. Henry Bullinger says, “Nowhere did Paul teach with less fruit resulting than at Athens: nor is it strange, seeing that there was in that same city a kind of den and covert of philosophers who always stood forth, a most immediate and deadly bane to true piety.”—ξένων, of foreign, strange) which the Athenians heretofore had not had.—καταγγελεὺς, an announcer, setter forth) This word Paul gives back to them in his turn, Act 17:23: I do announce to you.—ὅτι) This because is to be referred to the words, “But others said.”—ἀνάστασιν, the resurrection) They fancied that Paul spoke of Jesus in such a way, as if He had been made a δαιμόνιον· they did not fancy that the ἀνάστασις, or resurrection itself, was being set before them as a goddess.—εὐηγγελίζετο, he was preaching) in the brief conversation with them, whereby he was sounding their state of mind. See foll. verse.

Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament — English translation (T&T Clark, Edinburgh, 1860) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Act_17:18. That it was Epicureans and Stoics who fell into conflict with him (συνέβαλλον, comp. Luk_14:31), and not Academics and Peripatetics, is to be explainedapart from the greater popularity of the two former, and from the circumstance that they were in this later period the most numerous at Athensfrom the greater contrast of their philosophic tenets with the doctrines of Christianity. The one had their principle of pleasure, and the other their pride of virtue! and both repudiated faith in the Divine Providence. Comp. Hermann, Culturgesch. d. Gr. u. Röm. I. p. 237 f.

The opinion of these philosophers was twofold. Some, with vain scholastic conceit, pronounced Pauls discourses, which lacked the matter and form of Hellenic philosophy, to be idle talk, undeserving of attention, and would have nothing further to do with him. Others were at least curious about this new matter, considered the singular stranger as an announcer of strange divinities, and took him with them, in order to hear more from him and to allow their fellow-citizens to hear him, to the Areopagus, etc.

τί ἂν θέλοι … λέγειν] if, namely, his speaking is to have a meaning. See on Act_2:12.

ὁ σπερμολόγος] originally the rook (Aristoph. Av. 232, 579). Then in a twofold figurative meaning: (1) from the manner in which that bird feeds, a parasite; and (2) from its chattering voice, a babbler (Dem. 269. 19; Athen. viii. p. 344 C). So here, as the speaking of Paul gave occasion to this contemptuous designation. See also Dissen, ad Dem. de cor. p. 297.

δαιμονίων] divinities, quite generally. The plural is indefinite, and denotes the category (see on Mat_2:20). According to de Wette, it is Jesus the Risen One and the living God that are meant in contrast to the Greek gods,an element, however, which, according to the subjoined remark of Luke, appears as imported. The judgment of the philosophers, very similar to the charge previously brought against Socrates (Xen. Mem. i. 1. 1), but not framed possibly in imitation of it (in opposition to Zeller), was founded on their belief that Jesus, whom Paul preached and even set forth as a raiser of the dead, must be assumed, doubtless, to be a foreign divinity, whose announcer (καταγγελεύς, not elsewhere preserved) Paul desired to be. Hence Luke adds the explanatory statement: ὅτι τὸν Ἰησοῦν κ. τ. ἀνάστ. εὐηγγ. Chrysostom, Oecumenius, Alexander Moras, Selden, Hammond, Spencer, Heinrichs, Baur,[64] Lange, and Baumgarten, strangely imagine that the philosophers meant the Ἀνάστασις as a goddess announced by Paul Comp. also Ewald, p. 494 f. But if Luke had aimed at this by his explanatory remark, he must have indicated it more precisely, especially as it is in itself improbable that the philosophers could, even in mere irony, derive from the words of the apostle a goddess Ἀνάστασις, for Paul doubtless announced who would raise the dead. Olearius referred τ. ἀνάστ. not to the general resurrection of the dead, but to the resurrection of Jesus; so also Bengel. But Luke, in that case, in order not to be misunderstood, must have added αὐτοῦ, which (see the critical remarks) he has not done.

[64] See his Paulus, I. p. 192, ed. 2 : the ironical popular wit had out of Jesus and the ἀνάστασις made a pair of divinities.

Meyer — Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament — English translation by Peter Christie, edited by Frederick Crombie (T&T Clark, 1880) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Act 17:18 . συνέβαλλον αὐτῷ : a word peculiar to St. Luke; three times in his Gospel, four times in Acts; it need not have necessarily a hostile sense as in Luk 14:31 , but simply means that amongst the chance comers in the Agora there were some who “engaged in discussions,” with him (so Blass like Latin, consilia conferre, sc. λόγους ), a meaning perhaps suggested by the imperfect. Grotius and others take it as “translatio de prœliis sumpta, ut apparet, Luk 14:31 . Utitur ita sæpe Polybius, quem sequi amat Lucas.” Ἐπικουρείων : so called from Epicurus, 342 270 B.C.; his disciples were known also as the School of the Garden, from the garden in Athens where the master instructed them, in distinction from the disciples of the Porch or the Academy. We must be careful to remember that as in numberless other cases, so the system of the founder suffered at the hands of his successors, and that the life of Epicurus himself was far removed from that of a mere sensualist, or “Epicure” in its later sense. But it was evident that a life which made pleasure and happiness the be-all and end-all of existence, however safeguarded by the conditions imposed at the outset by Epicurus, was liable to degenerate into a mere series of prudential calculations, or a mere indulgence of the senses and appetites. In his determination to rid men of the superstitious fears which were the chief cause of the miseries of humanity, Epicurus opposed the popular Polytheism, and regarded the gods as living a life of passionless calm far removed from mundane strifes and sorrows, “careless of mankind”. The Stoics branded Epicurus as an Atheist, but the materialistic creed of Epicurus and his followers had at all events this merit, that its bold criticism of existing beliefs was serviceable in undermining the prevailing acceptance of a gross and crude mythology, whilst it helped to assert in contradistinction to a paralysing fatalism the doctrine of the freedom of man’s will (see F. C. Conybeare, “Epicureans,” Hastings’ B.D.; Westcott, “Epicureans,” B.D. 2 ; Wallace, Epicureanism ). Στωϊκῶν : The Stoics, so called from the Stoa Pæcile at Athens where Zeno of Citium, the founder of the school, 340 260 B.C., met his pupils, and where his successors debated (Capes, Stoics , p. 30), spoke in their theology of a providence ruling the world, of a first cause and a governing mind. But their creed was essentially Pantheistic, although the verses of Cleanthes’ Hymn (“the most important document of the Stoic theology,” Ueberweg) seemed to breathe the accents of a higher and nobler belief. But no devotional phrases could disguise a Pantheism which regarded the world as the body of God, and God as the soul of the world, which held that apart from external nature the Supreme God had no existence which identified Him with fate and necessity, while the history of the universe was an unfolding of the providence of God, but a providence which was but another name for the chain of causation and consequences, inviolable, eternal. The leading maxims of the ethical system of the Stoics was the injunction to live according to nature, although the expression of the rule varied in the earlier and later schools. But as this life was best realised in conformity to the law of the universe, in conformity with reason as the highest element in man, the Stoic ideal, in spite of its recognition of virtue, became not merely stern and intellectual, but impassive and austere; in aiming at apathy the Stoic lost sympathy with the most ennobling and energetic emotions, and thus wrapped up in the cloak of his own virtue he justified, at least from an ethical point of view, the description which classed him as the Pharisee of Greek philosophy. In addressing an audience composed at all events in part of the representatives of these two great philosophic schools it may be said that St. Paul was not unmindful of his own former training in the early home of Stoicism (see on p. 235). And so in speaking of creation and providence, of the unity of nations in the recognition of all that was true even in Pantheism, St. Paul has been described as taking the Stoic side against the Epicureans, or at least we may say that he in his speech asserts against some of the cardinal errors of the Epicureans the creative and superintending power of God. But to the Stoic and Epicurean alike the Christian Creed would proclaim that All’s Love, yet all’s Law ; to the Stoic and Epicurean alike, the Pharisee and Sadducee of the world of philosophy, the bidding came to repent and obey the Gospel, no less than to the crowd whom sages and philosophers despised: “Paulus summa arte orationem suam ita temperat, ut modo cum vulgo contra Philosophos, modo cum Philosophis contra plebem, modo contra utrosque pugnet,” Wetstein; see Capes, Stoicism ; Lightfoot, Philippians , “St. Paul and Seneca”; Zahn, Der Stoiker Epiktet und sein Verhältniss zum Christenthum; Ueberweg, Hist, of Phil. , i., p. 185 ff.; Rendall, Marcus Antoninus , Introd. (1898); Gore, Ephesians , p. 253 ff. καί τινες ἔλεγον : these are generally taken to include the philosophers, and the remarks following are referred to them; sometimes the first question to the Epicureans, and the second criticism to the Stoics. But it has recently been maintained that we need not refer to the two sects of philosophers this unfavourable criticism on St. Paul; “Epicureans,” Conybeare in Hastings’ B.D. Certainly the οἱ δέ has no οἱ μέν as if two opposing schools were meant. The punctuation in R.V., which simply states the fact that amongst those in the Agora certain also τινὲς δὲ καὶ of the philosophers, etc., admits of this view that the criticisms were uttered not by the philosophers, but by the curious crowd which thronged the Agora. Ramsay however takes the verse as marking the opinions of the philosophers, and the use of the word σπερμολόγος by Zeno of one of his followers may help to confirm this. τί ἂν θέλοι : “what would this babbler say?” R.V., not future as in A.V.; the ἄν with optative being used to express what would happen as the fulfilment of some supposed condition, Burton, p. 79, so Viteau, Le Grec du N. T. , p. 33 (1893), the condition being if we would listen to him, or if his words have any meaning; optative with ἄν only in Luke, see Burton, u. s. σπερμολόγος : primarily an adjective, - ον ; as a substantive ὁ σπερ . of a rook or crow, or some small bird, picking up seeds, cf. Arist., Av. , 233, 580. σπέρμα - λέγω : so far as derivation is concerned it is not connected with σπείρω - λόγους , Latin, seminiverbius (so Augustine, Wycliffe, “sower of words”). The accent shows that this latter derivation is incorrect. Hence a man hanging about the shops and the markets, picking up scraps which fell from the loads and thus gaining a livelihood, so a parasite, one who lives at the expense of others, a hanger-on, Eustathius on Hom., Odys. , v., 490; see in Grimm, sub v. ; so Dem. speaks of Aeschines, 269, 19, as σπερ . περίτριμμα ἀγορᾶς . The word thus came to be used of a man who picked up scraps of information, and retailed them at second hand. So Eustathius speaks of rhetoricians who were mere collectors of words and consistent plagiarists διʼ ὅλου σπερμολογοῦντες ; so again he remarks that the word is applied to those who make a show in unscientific style of knowledge which they have got from misunderstanding of lectures (see for these quotations Ramsay, Expositor , September, 1899, p. 222, and the whole article “St. Paul in Athens”). Ramsay maintains therefore that there is no instance of the classical use of the word as a babbler or mere talker, and he sees in the word a piece of Athenian slang, caught up as the Athenians had themselves used it (“sine dubio hoc ex ipso ore Atheniensium auctor excepit” Blass), and applied to one who was quite outside any literary circle, an ignorant, vulgar plagiarist. At the same time it is perhaps difficult to find any single word more to the point than “babbler,” A. and R.V. (Tyndall), for, as Alford urges, it both signifies one who talks fluently to no purpose, and hints also that his talk is not his own. We may, however, well owe this rendering to the fact that σπερμολόγος was wrongly derived, as if it meant seminator verborum , whereas its true derivation is given above. De Wette, Overbeck, Nösgen, Weiss, Holtzmann, Zöckler, Wendt, all so render it. An ingenious attempt has been made to connect the word with the Aretalogi (Juvenal, Sat. , xv., 16; Suet, Aug [309] , 74) or praters about virtue, who hired themselves as entertainers for the wealthy Roman nobles at their dinners: “mendax aretalogus,” Juv., u. s. ; Zöckler, in loco . For instances of the use of the word see Wetstein, Ramsay, Nösgen, Bethge, Die Paulinischen Reden , p. 77; Rendall (who agrees with Ramsay), and “Babbler,” Hastings’ B.D. ξένωνδαιμ . δοκεῖ καταγ .: The same kind of accusation had been already made against Socrates, Xen., Mem. , i., 1, as also against Anaxagoras and Protagoras, see Josephus, . Apion. , ii., 38, who also tells us how a certain priestess had been condemned in Athens ὅτι ξένους ἐμύει θεούς . In Athens the introduction of strange gods was a capital offence, if by such an introduction the home deities were rejected and the state religion disturbed, but there is nothing to show that the Athenians regarded Paul’s teaching in this light, and there is no evidence that the Areopagus had cognisance of serious charges of impiety or of the introduction of foreign religion (Ramsay, St. Paul , p. 247). ξένων : “strange,” i.e. , foreign. δαιμονίων used here like the Greek δαιμόνιον in a neutral sense which might refer to deities good or bad. In classical Greek we have καινὰ δαιμόνια , cf. the charge against Socrates, Xen., Mem. , i., 1; Plato, Apol. , 24 B. καταγγελεὺς : only here in N.T., not found in LXX or classical Greek, the verb καταγγέλλειν occurs twice in 2Ma 8:36 ; 2Ma 9:17 , of declaring abroad the power of the God of the Jews. In Plutarch we have κατάγγελος . δοκεῖ , see Burton, p. 153; on the personal construction with δοκεῖ cf. Gal 2:9 , Jas 1:26 , etc. τὸν Ἰ . καὶ τὴν ἀνάστασιν , see critical note. It is possible that the Athenians thought that Paul was preaching two strange, deities, Jesus and Resurrection (the latter as a female deity Ἀνάστασις ), just as they had their own altars erected to Pity, Piety, Modesty, a view which gains support not only from the collocation of the words, but from the use of the article with both, and from the supposition that Paul was held to be a preacher of more than one strange God; so Chrys., Oecum., Selden, and list given by Wendt (1888), in loco . Wendt also (1899) inclines to this view, which is adopted by Renan, Overbeck, Holtzmann, Felten, McGiffert, Knabenbauer, cf. also the punctuation in R.V., which may imply this view (see Humphry on R.V., in loco ). As against this view see Hackett’s note, p. 213, who thinks it hardly conceivable that the Apostle could express himself so obscurely on the subject as to afford any occasion for this gross mistake (so also Farrar). The article before ἀνάσ . is taken by Nösgen as referring simply to the general resurrection, a view which he regards as agreeing with the prominence given to the doctrine in Act 17:31 . It is argued that if ἀνάσ . referred to the resurrection of Jesus we should have αὐτοῦ which has crept into some copies, but the address itself shows that the Apostle spoke of the resurrection of Jesus as affording a pledge of a general resurrection.

[309] Augustine.

The Expositor's Greek Testament, edited by W. Robertson Nicoll (1897–1910) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Word for word, seed gatherer: a borrowed kind of speech taken of birds which spoil corn, and is applied to them which without all art bluster out such knowledge as they have gotten by hearing this man and that man.

Two sects especially of the Philosophers do set themselves against Christ: the Epicureans, which make a mock and scoff at all religions, and the Stoics, which determine upon matters of religion according to their own brains.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

certain . . . of the Epicureans--a well-known school of atheistic materialists, who taught that pleasure was the chief end of human existence; a principle which the more rational interpreted in a refined sense, while the sensual explained it in its coarser meaning.

and of the Stoics--a celebrated school of severe and lofty pantheists, whose principle was that the universe was under the law of an iron necessity, the spirit of which was what is called the Deity: and that a passionless conformity of the human will to this law, unmoved by all external circumstances and changes, is the perfection of virtue. While therefore the Stoical was in itself superior to the Epicurean system, both were alike hostile to the Gospel. "The two enemies it has ever had to contend with are the two ruling principles of the Epicureans and Stoics--Pleasure and Pride" [HOWSON].

What will this babbler say?--The word, which means "a picker-up of seeds," bird-like, is applied to a gatherer and retailer of scraps of knowledge, a prater; a general term of contempt for any pretended teacher.

a setter forth of strange gods--"demons," but in the Greek (not Jewish) sense of "objects of worship."

because he preached Jesus and the resurrection--Not as if they thought he made these to be two divinities: the strange gods were Jehovah and the Risen Saviour, ordained to judge the world.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Verse 18. Certain philosophers of the Epicureans] These were the followers of Epicurus, who acknowledged no gods except in name, and absolutely denied that they exercised any government over the world or its inhabitants; and that the chief good consisted in the gratification of the appetites of sense. These points the Epicureans certainly held; but it is not clear that Epicurus himself maintained such doctrines.

And of the Stoics] These did not deny the existence of the gods; but they held that all human affairs were governed by fate. They did not believe that any good was received from the hands of their gods; and considered, as Seneca asserts, that any good and wise man was equal to Jupiter himself. Both these sects agreed in denying the resurrection of the body; and the former did not believe in the immortality of the soul.

EPICURUS, the founder of the Epicurean sect, was born at Athens, about A.M. 3663, before Christ 341.

ZENO, the founder of the Stoic sect, was born in the isle of Cyprus, about thirty years before Christ. His disciples were called Stoics from the στοα, a famous portico at Athens, where they studied. Besides these two sects, there were two others which were famous at this time; viz. the Academics and the Peripatetics. The founder of the first was the celebrated PLATO; and the founder of the second, the no less famous ARISTOTLE. These sects professed a much purer doctrine than the Epicureans and Stoics; and it does not appear that they opposed the apostles, nor did they enter into public disputations with them. Against the doctrines taught by the Epicureans and Stoics, several parts of St. Paul's discourse, in the following verses, are directly pointed.

What will this babbler say?] The word σπερμολογος, which we translate babbler, signifies, literally, a collector of seeds, and is the "name of a small bird the lives by picking up seeds on the road." The epithet became applied to persons who collected the sayings of others, without order or method, and detailed them among their companions in the same way. The application of the term to prating, empty, impertinent persons, was natural and easy, and hence it was considered a term of reproach and contempt, and was sometimes used to signify the vilest sort of men.

A setter forth of strange gods] ξενωνδαιμονιων, Of strange or foreign demons. That this was strictly forbidden, both at Rome and Athens, See Clarke on Ac 16:21.

There was a difference, in the heathen theology, between θεος, god, and δαιμων, demon: the θεοι, were such as were gods by nature: the δαιμονια, were men who were deified. This distinction seems to be in the mind of these philosophers when they said that the apostles seemed to be setters forth of strange demons, because they preached unto them Jesus, whom they showed to be a man, suffering and dying, but afterwards raised to the throne of God. This would appear to them tantamount with the deification of heroes, &c., who had been thus honoured for their especial services to mankind. Horace expresses this in two lines, 2 Epist. i. 5:-

Romulus, et Liber pater, et cum Castore Pollux,

Post ingentia facta, deorum in templa recepti.

"Romulus, father Bacchus, with Castor and Pollux, for their eminent services, have been received into the temples of the gods."

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

18. They reasoned with him. Luke addeth now that Paul had a combat with the philosophers; not that he set upon them of set purpose, forasmuch as he knew that they were even born only to brawl and cavil; but he was enforced to enter such a conflict contrary to his purpose, as Paul himself commandeth godly teachers to be furnished with spiritual weapons, wherewith they may valiantly defend the truth if any enemies set themselves against it, (Titus 1:9.) For it is not always in our choice to make choice of those with whom we will deal; but the Lord doth often suffer stubborn and importunate men to arise to exercise us, that by their gainsaying the truth may more plainly appear. Neither is it to be doubted but that the Epicures, [Epicureans,] according to their wonted frowardness, did trouble the holy man; and that the Stoics, trusting to their subtile quips and cavils, did stubbornly deride him; yet the end shall show that he did not dispute sophistically, neither was he carried away unto any unprofitable and contentious disputation, but did observe that modesty which he himself commandeth elsewhere. And thus must we do, that by refuting meekly and modestly vain cavillings, we may utter that which is sound and true; and we must always avoid this danger, that ambition or desire to show our wit do not unwrap us in superfluous and vain contentions.

Furthermore, Luke maketh mention of two sects, which, though they were the one contrary to the other, had, not withstanding, their contrary vices. The Epicures [Epicureans] did not only despise liberal arts, but were also open enemies to them. Their philosophy was to feign that the sun was two feet broad, that the world was made ex atomis, [of atoms,] (or of things which were so small that they could not be divided or made smaller,) and by deluding men thus, to blot out the wonderful workmanship which appeareth in the creation of the world. If they were a thousand times convict, they were as impudent as dogs. Though they did, in a word, confess that there be gods, yet they did imagine that they were idle in heaven, and that they were wholly set upon pleasure, and that they were blessed only because they were idle. As they did deny that the world was created by God, as I have said of late, so they thought that man’s affairs were tossed to and fro without any governing, and that they were not governed by the celestial providence. Pleasure was their felicity, not that unbridled and filthy pleasure; yet such as did more and more corrupt men by her enticements, being already, of their own accord, bent to pamper the flesh. They counted the immorality of their souls but a fable, whereby it came to pass that they gave themselves liberty to make much of their bodies.

As for the Stoics, though they said that the world was subject to the providence of God, yet did they afterwards, through a most filthy surmise, or rather doting, corrupt that point of their doctrine. For they did not grant that God did govern the world by counsel, justice, and power, but they forged a labyrinth of the compass or agreement of the causes, that God himself being bound with the necessity of fate or destiny, might be carried violently with the frame of heaven, as the poets do tie and fetter their Jupiter with golden fetters, because the Fates or Destinies do govern when he is about something else. Though they placed felicity [the chief good] in virtue, they knew not what true virtue was, and they did puff up men with pride, so that they did deck themselves with that which they took from God. For though they did all abase the grace of the Holy Ghost, yet was there no sect more proud. They had no other fortitude, but a certain rash and immoderate fierceness.

Therefore there was in Paul wonderful force of the Spirit, who standing amidst such beasts, which sought to pull him to and fro, stood firm in the sound sincerity of the gospel, and did valiantly withstand and endure, as well the dogged malapertness [petulance] of the former sect, as the pride and crafty cavillings of the other. And hereby we see more plainly what small agreement there is between the heavenly wisdom and the wisdom of the flesh. For though the whole multitude were offended with the gospel, yet the philosophers were captains and standard-bearers in assaulting the same. For that did principally appear in them which Paul himself speaketh of the wisdom of the flesh, that it is an enemy to the cross of Christ, (1 Corinthians 1:26,) so that no man can be fit to learn the principles of the gospel unless he first abandon the same.

Other some said. Luke setteth before us two sects of men, which both were far from godliness; and yet the one sort is worse than the other. Those who are desirous to hear that again which they call new, first, they are moved not with any desire to learn, but with vain curiousity; secondly, they think unhonorably of the Word of God, is that the count it profane novelty; yet because they give ear, and that being in doubt until they may know farther of the matter, they are not quite past hope. But the rest who proudly refuse that which is offered, yea, condemn it reproachfully, do shut the gate of salvation against themselves. For this railing did proceed from monstrous pride; what meaneth this babbler? Because they neither vouchsafe to hear Paul, and also reproachfully refuse him, as if he were some common jester. Moreover, they do not loathe his doctrine through rash zeal, but do openly tread under foot that which is brought unto them concerning religion, though as yet they know it not; because these are ashamed to learn any thing of a base and obscure fellow, who had hitherto professed themselves to be teachers of all the whole world.

A declarer of new devils. They do not take devils [deities] in evil part, as the Scripture useth to do; but for the lesser gods or angels, who they thought were in the midst between the highest God and men, whereof Plato maketh mention oftentimes. As touching the sum of the matter, we must note that those things which Paul spake concerning Christ and the resurrection seemed to them to be new devils. Whence we gather, that our faith is principally distinguished and discerned from the superstitions of the Gentiles by these marks; because it setteth forth Christ to be the sole Mediator; because it teacheth us to seek for salvation only at his hands; because it commandeth us to seek remission of our sins in his death, whereby we may be reconciled to God; because it teacheth that men are renewed and fashioned again by his Spirit, who were before profane, and slaves to sin, that they may begin to live righteously and holy. Again, because from such beginnings as do plainly declare that the kingdom of God is spiritual, it lifteth up our minds at length unto the hope of the resurrection to come. For as concerning other things, though the philosophers do not reason purely, yet they say somewhat. Yea, they speak much concerning eternal life and the immortality of the soul; but as touching faith, which showeth free reconciliation in Christ; and regeneration, whereby the Spirit of God doth restore in us the image of God; concerning calling upon God, and the last resurrection, not a word.

John Calvin's Commentaries (1540-1563) — public domain. Text from the Calvin Translation Society English edition (1840s-50s) via the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (ccel.org). Calvin's coverage is partial (roughly two-thirds of the Bible); uncommented books and verses are honest gaps, never fabricated. The 19th-century editor's footnotes and remarks are omitted so the notes are faithfully Calvin's own voice.

(18) Certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoicks.—The two schools were at this time the great representatives of Greek thought. The former took its name from its founder, Epicurus, who lived a long and tranquil life at Athens, from B.C. 342 to 270. As holding their meetings in a garden, which he had left by his will in trust as a place of study for his disciples, they were sometimes known as the School of the Garden, and as such were distinguished from those of the Porch (Diog. Laert. Epic. c. 10). His speculations embraced at once a physical and an ethical solution of the problems of the universe. Rejecting, as all thinking men did, the popular Polytheism, which yet they did not dare openly to renounce, he taught that the gods, in their eternal tranquillity, were too far off from man to trouble themselves about his sorrows or his sins. They needed no sacrifices and answered no prayers. The superstition which enslaved the minds of most men was the great evil of the world, the source of its crimes and miseries. The last enemy to be destroyed was with him, as in our own time with Strauss, the belief in an immortality of retribution. A man’s first step towards happiness and wisdom was to emancipate himself from its thraldom; the next was to recognise that happiness consisted in the greatest aggregate of pleasurable emotions. Experience taught that what are called pleasures are often more than counterbalanced by the pains that follow, and sensual excesses were therefore to be avoided. Epicurus’s own life seems to have been distinguished by generosity, self-control, and general kindliness, and even by piety and patriotism (Diog. Laert. Epic. c. 5). But as no law was recognised as written in the heart, and human laws were looked on as mere conventional arrangements, each man was left to form his own estimate of what would give him most pleasure, and most men decided for a life of ease and self-indulgence; sometimes balanced by prudential calculations, sometimes sinking into mere voluptuousness. The poetry of Horace presents, perhaps, the most attractive phase of popular Epicureanism; the sense which has come to be attached to the modern word “Epicure,” as applied to one whose life is devoted to the indulgence of the sense of taste, shows to what a depth of degradation it might sink.

In the world of physics, Epicurus has been claimed as anticipating some of the results of modern science. The ideas of creation and control were alike excluded. Matter had existed from eternity, and the infinite atoms of which it was composed had, under the action of attractive and Tepelling forces as yet unknown, entered into manifold combinations, out of which had issued, as the last stage of the evolution, the world of nature as it now lies before us. The poem of Lucretius, De Rerum Naturâ, may be regarded as the grandest utterance of this negative and practically atheistic system, but its real nobleness lies chiefly in its indignant protest against the superstition which had cast its veil of thick darkness over all the nations.

It may be well to give one or two characteristic examples of each of these phases. On the one side we have the ever-recurring advice of the popular poet of society to remember that life is short, and to make the most of it:—

“Quid sit futurum cras, fuge quærere: et,

Quern Fors dierum cunque dabit, lucro

Appone.”

[“Strive not the morrow’s chance to know,

But count whate’er the Fates bestow

As given thee for thy gain.”]—Hor. Od. i. 9.

“Sapias, vina liques, et spatio brevi

Spem longam reseces. Dum loquimur, fugerit invida

Ætas. Carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero.”

[“Be wise, and let your wines flow clear,

And as you greet each short-lived year,

Curb hope’s delusive play:

E’en as we speak, our life glides by;

Enjoy the moments as they fly,

Nor trust the far-off day.”]—Od. i. 11.

The student of Scripture will recognise an Epicurean element of this kind in one of the two voices that alternate in the Book of Ecclesiastes, “It is good and comely for one to eat and to drink, and to enjoy the good of all his labour that he taketh under the sun all the days of his life” (Ecc_5:18. Comp. also Ecc_3:19; Ecc_8:15; Ecc_9:7). It appears as the avowed principle of the evil-doers in the Apocryphal Book of Wisdom which, as probably the work of a contemporary writer, represents the impression made by the dominant Horatian phase of Epicureanism on a devout and thoughtful Jew:—

“Our time is a very shadow that passeth away . . . Come on, therefore, let us enjoy the good things that are present . . . Let us crown ourselves with rose-buds before they are withered . . . Let none of us go without his part of our voluptuousness.”—Wis_2:5-9.

There is a nobler ring, it must be owned, in the bold language in which Lucretius sings the praises of Epicurus:—

“When this our life lay crushed before men’s eyes

Beneath the yoke of Faith, who from on high

With horrid aspect frightened mortal hearts,

It was a Greek, himself a mortal too,

Who first had courage to lift up his eyes

And to her face withstand her. Tales of gods,

And thunderbolts from Heaven, with all their threats,

Were impotent to stay him. . . .

. . . . So at last

Faith in its turn lies trampled under foot,

And we through him have triumphed over Heaven.”

De Rer. Nat. i. 67-80.

We can understand how St. Paul would assert, as against this school of thought, the personality of the living God, as Creator, Ruler, Father; the binding force of the law written in the heart; intuitive morality as against mere utilitarianism; the nobleness of a hero-soul raised above pleasure, and living, not for itself, but for others and for God. And in so teaching them he, in this respect differing from the mere professor of a higher philosophy, would point to the Resurrection and the Judgment as that which should confound the pleasure-seeker by giving him tribulation and anguish, and should assign glory and immortality to the patient worker of righteousness. (Comp. Rom_2:7-9.)

The Stoics—who took their name, not from their founder (Zeno, of Citium in Cyprus), but from the Stoa pækilè, the painted porch, at Athens, adorned with frescoes of the battle of Marathon, where Zeno used to teach—presented a higher phase of thought. Josephus (Vit. c. 2) compares them with the Pharisees, and their relation to the moral life of heathenism at this time presented many features analogous to those which we find in the influence of that sect in Palestine. They taught that true wisdom consisted in being the master, and not the slave, of circumstances. The things which are not in our power are not things to seek after, nor shrink from, but to be accepted with a calm equanimity. The seeker after wisdom learnt, therefore, to be indifferent alike to pleasure or pain, and aimed at an absolute apathy. The theology of the Stoics was also of a nobler kind than that of Epicurus. They spoke of a divine Mind pervading the universe, and ordering all things by its Providence. They recognised its government in the lives of nations and individual men, and probably reconciled, as the Pharisees did, their acceptance of its decrees with a practical belief in the freedom of the individual will. In the Manual of Ethics, by Epictetus, under Nero, and the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius, we see how the slave and the emperor stood on common ground. In Seneca, we see now often the Stoics spoke in the accents of Christian ethics. Many of the Stoics were sought after as tutors for the sons of noble families, and occupied a position of influence not unlike that of Jesuit confessors and directors in France in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The main drawbacks were (1) that in aiming at apathy for themselves they shut out sympathy with others as disturbing their tranquillity; (2) that in striving after an ethical perfection in the strength of their own will they anticipated the position of the Pelagians in the history of the Christian Church; and (3) that, as with the Pharisees, the high ideal was often but a mask for selfish and corrupt lives. They, also, were too often “hypocrites,” acting a part before the world to which their true character did not correspond. In the language of the satirist—

“Qui Curios simulant et Bacchanalia vivunt.”

[“They pose as heroes, and as drunkards live.”]

—Juvenal, Sat. ii. 3.

It is evident that there would be many points of sympathy between the better representatives of this school and St. Paul, but for them also the message that spoke of Jesus and the Resurrection—of God sending His Son into the world to be first crucified and then raised from the dead—would seem an idle dream, and they would shrink from the thought that they needed pardon and redemption, and could do nothing true and good in their own strength without the grace of God.

What will this babbler say?—Better, What might this babbler mean? The Greek noun, literally seed-picker, was primarily applied to a small bird of the finch tribe. The idle gossips of the agora picking up news, and, eager to retail it, the chattering parasites of feasts, were likened by the quick wit of Athenian humourists to such a bird as it hopped and chirped. So Zeno himself called one of his disciples, who had more words than wisdom, by the same contemptuous name (Diog. Laert. Zeno, c. 19). The philosophers, in their scorn of the stranger who was so ready to discuss great questions with any whom he met, applied the derisive epithet to him.

He seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods.—This was, it will be remembered, the precise charge on which Socrates had been condemned (Xenoph. Memor. i. 1, § 1). In his case it rested on his constant reference to the dæmôn, the divine monitor who checked and guided him, in whose voice he heard something like the voice of God; but the secret of his condemnation by his countrymen was to be found less in what he actually taught than in the questions with which he vexed their inmost soul, and made them conscious of ignorance or baseness. The questions of St. Paul, as he reasoned “of righteousness, temperance, and judgment to come,” were equally disturbing.

Because he preached unto them Jesus, and the resurrection.—The verb implies continuous action. This was the ever-recurring theme of his discourses. It is possible that with the strong tendency of the Greek mind to personify all attributes and abstract thoughts, St. Paul’s hearers saw in the word Anastasis (= Resurrection) the name of a new goddess, representing the idea of immortality, to be worshipped in conjunction with Jesus, and therefore they used the plural and spoke of his bringing in “strange gods.” So temples and altars had been dedicated to Concord, and the history of Athens told how Epimenides had bidden them erect two altars to Insolence and Outrage (Cicero, De Leg. ii. 11), as the two demons by whom their city was being brought to ruin. What startled them in the Apostle was that he taught not only the immortality of the soul—that had entered into the popular mythical belief, and had been enforced with philosophical arguments by Socrates and Plato—but the resurrection of the body. In 1Co_15:35 we see the character of the objections raised to this doctrine, and the manner in which St. Paul answered them.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

18. philosophers of the Epicureans and of the Stoicks] In St Paul’s day these two systems of philosophy were most prominent throughout the Roman world, and were regarded as conflicting though in many points they bear a strong likeness to one another. Both were the result of a desire to find some better principle for the guidance of man’s moral nature than could be found in the so-called religious systems of Greece and Rome. But before the Christian era much that was best in both schools had sadly degenerated from its pristine character.

The founder of the Stoics was Zeno of Citium in Cyprus. His precise date is uncertain, but he flourished in the century between b.c. 350–250. The first lesson of his teaching was that the highest duty of the philosopher was to practise virtue. For the doing this knowledge was necessary, and the only knowledge that could be relied on was that which was based upon sensation. Reality belonged only to material things such as the senses could appreciate. In this manner the Stoic philosophy became materialist. For though owning the existence of God and of the soul in man, Zeno and his followers spake of these as, in some sense, material. But they termed God the soul of the universe, and taught that all things are produced from him, and will at last be absorbed into him again. And then a new world-cycle will begin and be in all respects like that which went before. So the Stoics were Pantheists. They taught moreover that the universe was governed by unchanging law, that the lot of individuals, and the occurrence of particular events were all uncertain. The care of Providence was for the fabric of the universe, and only indirectly extended to particulars or individuals whose lot was bound up with the unchanging course of fixed law. The Stoics therefore were fatalists. The way in which the individual could make the nearest approach to happiness was by bringing himself, through knowledge, into harmony with the course of the universe. But so unimportant did the individual appear to these philosophers, that suicide was held to be lawful, and at times praiseworthy. They were conscious of both physical and moral evil in the world, and from this men might escape by self-inflicted death. They taught however that, though the virtuous might have to suffer, no real evil happens to them, nor real good to the vicious. Fortified with this thought, the Stoic trained himself to be proudly independent of externals, and to bear evils, should they come, with indifference, and thus he strove to secure undisturbed peace of mind. Materialism, Pantheism, Fatalism and pride, were the features of one of the systems into contact with which St Paul was brought at Athens.

The Epicureans (named from Epicurus, born at Samos b.c. 342) agreed with the Stoics that philosophy should seek to promote the happiness of man, but maintained that this end could be best gained by the pursuit of pleasure. By this language they did not intend profligate pleasure, but a state wherein the body was free from pain and the mind from disturbance. They too made the senses their means of judging of what is pleasure, and so with them man became the measure of all good for himself. Thus the Epicureans were materialists. But differing from the Stoics they taught the world was formed by chance, and that the gods had no concern in its creation. Their gods were described as perfectly happy, dwelling apart and caring neither for the world nor its inhabitants. Thus the Epicureans were practical atheists. With them man might approach to a state of happiness by circumscribing his wants, so that life might be free from care. To restrain the senses was the Epicurean road to happiness, to crush them as much as possible into insensibility was the path of the Stoic. But having such thoughts of the gods, neither system had in any way run counter to the popular theology. By doing so the Stoic would fear lest he should be thought to deny God altogether, while the Epicurean, though thinking all such worship folly, yet felt it too great an interruption to the pleasure which he sought to become an advocate of the abolition of idol worship. So St Paul found Athens crowded with the images and altars of the gods.

What will this babbler say] Better, What would, &c. The A.V. conceals the fact that will here signifies “meaneth” or “wisheth” to say, “What would he go on to say if we would listen?”

The word rendered “babbler” is not found elsewhere in N. T. In profane writers it is used of birds picking up scattered grain, and then figuratively of men who pick up a living as best they may, and hence are willing to flatter for the sake of what they can get, and so are men without principle or ground in what they say.

a setter forth of strange gods] The word δαιμόνια here rendered “gods” is the word from which the English “demon” is derived. It was used in classical Greek mostly to denote some inferior order of divine beings. It was one of the accusations brought against Socrates and the charge on which he was condemned that he introduced new daimonia (Xen. Mem. i. 1, 2; Plato, Apol. 40 a &c.). It has been thought by some that the Athenians, by using the plural word, understood that “Jesus” was one new divinity and “Anastasis” (the Resurrection) another. But it is not necessary to suppose this. They might very well speak of a preacher of Jesus as a setter forth of new divinities. For they evidently saw that he had more to say than they had yet heard.

Times seem changed at Athens since the prosecution of Socrates, for it is not anger, but scornful curiosity which prompts the language of the speakers. They do not mean to assail Paul for his teaching, and amid the abundance of idols, they perhaps now would have felt no difficulty in allowing Jesus a place, provided he did not seek to overthrow all the rest of their divinities.

The nature of St Paul’s teaching “in the market-place” has not been mentioned until we are told that it was of “Jesus and the resurrection.” We may take this as a specimen of the way in which the author of the Acts has dealt with his materials. He has not seen it needful here to do more than specify in half-a-dozen words what St Paul had spoken about; and so when we have a report of a speech we need not suppose that he has given, or intended to give, more than a summary of what the speaker said, and, adhering to the subtance, has cast his abbreviated record into such form as best fitted his narrative.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans,.... These were so called from Epicurus, the son of Neocles, who was born 342 years before Christ, and taught philosophy at Athens, in his garden; the principal tenets of which were, that the world was not made by any deity, or with any design, but came into its being and form, through a fortuitous concourse of atoms, of various sizes and magnitude, which met, and jumbled, and cemented together, and so formed the world; and that the world is not governed by the providence of God; for though he did not deny the being of God, yet he thought it below his notice, and beneath his majesty to concern himself with its affairs; and also, that the chief happiness of men lies in pleasure. His followers were called "Epicureans"; of which there have been two sorts; the one were called the strict or rigid "Epicureans", who placed all happiness in the pleasure of the mind, arising from the practice of moral virtue, and which is thought by some to be the true principle of "Epicureans"; the other were called the loose, or the remiss Epicureans, who understood their master in the gross sense, and placed all their happiness in the pleasure of the body, in brutal and sensual pleasure, in living a voluptuous life, in eating and drinking, &c. and this is the common notion imbibed of an Epicurean.

And of the Stoics: the author of this sect was Zeno, whose followers were so called from the Greek word "Stoa", which signifies a portico, or piazza, under which Zeno used to walk, and teach his philosophy, and where great numbers of disciples attended him, who from hence were called "Stoics": their chief tenets were, that there is but one God, and that the world was made by him, and is governed by fate; that happiness lies in virtue, and virtue has its own reward in itself; that all virtues are linked together, and all vices are equal; that a wise and good man is destitute of all passion, and uneasiness of mind, is always the same, and always joyful, and ever happy in the greatest torture, pain being no real evil; that the soul lives after the body, and that the world will be destroyed by fire. Now the philosophers of these two sects

encountered him; the Apostle Paul; they attacked him, and disputed with him upon some points, which were contrary to their philosophy:

and some said, what will this babbler say? this talking, prating fellow? though the word here used does not signify, as some have thought, a sower of words; as if they meant, that the apostle was a dealer is many words, a verbose man, and full of words, but not matter; but it properly signifies a gatherer of seeds; and the allusion is either to a set of idle people, that used to go to markets and fairs, and pick up seeds of corn, that were shook out of sacks, upon which they lived; and so the word came to be used for an idle good for nothing fellow, and for one that picked up tales and fables, and carried them about for a livelihood. So Demosthenes, in a way of reproach, called Aeschincs by this name; and such an one was the apostle reckoned: or the metaphor is taken from little birds, as the sparrow, &c. that pick up seeds, and live upon them, and are of no value and use. Harpocratian says (d), there is a certain little bird, of the jay or jackdaw kind, which is called "Spermologos" (the word here used), from its picking up of seeds, of which Aristophanes makes mention; and that from this a base and contemptible man, and one that lives by others, is called by this name: from whence we may learn in what a contemptuous manner the apostle was used in this polite city, by these men of learning.

Other some, he seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods; other than those worshipped in the city of Athens: this was the charge which Melitus brought against Socrates;

"Socrates (says he (e)) has acted an unrighteous part; the gods, whom the city reckons such, he does not, introducing other and new gods.''

Aelianus (f) represents him as censured by Aristophanes, as one that introduced , "strange gods", though he neither knew them, nor honoured them. The reason why they thought the apostle was for bringing in other gods, than which nothing was more foreign from him, was,

because he preached unto them Jesus, and the resurrection: the Syriac version reads, "and his resurrection"; that is, the resurrection of Christ; the Arabic version renders it, "the resurrection from the dead"; the general resurrection; both doubtless were preached by him, see Act 17:32 Jesus they took for one strange and new God, they had never heard of before, and "Anastasis", or "the resurrection", for another; which need not be wondered at, when they had altars erected for Mercy, Fame, Shame, and Desire; see Gill on Act 17:16.

(d) Lexicon, p. 271, 272. (e) Laertius in Vita Socratis. (f) Var. Hist. l. 2. c. 13.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

18 Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoicks, encountered him. And some said, What will this babbler say? other some, He seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods: because he preached unto them Jesus, and the resurrection.

Ver. 18. Certain philosophers, &c.] The deep theorems of philosophy (said King James) make one learned, but seldom better, and oftentimes worse, mere atheists. There is an Arabic proverb, Cum errat eruditus, errat errore erudito. When a learned man goes astray, he goes astray by learned deception. And Indocti rapiunt caelum, The unlearned are snatched off to heaven, saith Aug. Melior est humilis rusticus qui Deo servit, quam superbus Philosophus, &c., Better is the lowly peasent obeys God than the proud philospher, said a devout Dominican. (Erpen. Cent. 2 Pro 28:6)

What will this babbler say?] Seminilega, σπερμολογος, by a metaphor from little birds, that yield neither good meat nor good music, but only pick up grain, and live by other men’s labours. Master Rogers (our late proto-martyr) interpreteth it a prater, trifler, news-carrier, that tells whatsoever men will have him for gain; that will for a piece of bread say what you will have him.

A setter forth of strange gods] Rogers renders it, a preacher of new devils.

Jesus and the resurrection] Anastasis, or the resurrection, they took for some new goddess, saith Œcumenius.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Then certain philosophers - Athens was distinguished, among all the cities of Greece and the world, for the cultivation of a subtle and refined philosophy. This was their boast, and the object of their constant search and study, 1Co 1:22.

Of the Epicureans - This sect of philosophers was so named from Epicurus, who lived about 300 years before the Christian era. They denied that the world was created by God, and that the gods exercised any care or providence over human affairs, and also the immortality of the soul. Against these positions of the sect Paul directed his main argument in proving that the world was created and governed by God. One of the distinguishing doctrines of Epicurus was that pleasure was the summum bonum, or chief good, and that virtue was to be practiced only as it contributed to pleasure. By pleasure, however, Epicurus did not mean sensual and groveling appetites and degraded vices, but rational pleasure, properly regulated and governed. See Good’s “Book of Nature.” But whatever his views were, it is certain that his followers had embraced the doctrine that the pleasures of sense were to be practiced without restraint. Both in principle and practice, therefore, they devoted themselves to a life of gaiety and sensuality, and sought happiness only in indolence, effeminacy, and voluptuousness. Confident in the belief that the world was not under the administration of a God of justice, they gave themselves up to the indulgence of every passion the infidels of their time, and the exact example of the frivolous and fashionable multitudes of all times, that live without God, and that seek pleasure as their chief good.

And of the Stoics - This was a sect of philosophers, so named from the Greek στοά stoa, a porch or portico, because Zeno, the founder of the sect, held his school and taught in a porch, in the city of Athens. Zeno was born in the island of Cyprus, but the greater part of his life was spent at Athens in teaching philosophy. After having taught publicly 48 years, he died at the age of 96, that is, 264 years before Christ. The doctrines of the sect were, that the universe was created by God; that all things were fixed by Fate; that even God was under the dominion of fatal necessity; that the Fates were to be submitted to; that the passions and affections were to be suppressed and restrained; that happiness consisted in the insensibility of the soul to pain; and that a man should gain an absolute mastery over all the passions and affections of his nature. They were stern in their views of virtue, and, like the Pharisees, prided themselves on their own righteousness. They supposed that matter was eternal, and that God was either the animating principle or soul of the world, or that all things were a part of God. They fluctuated much in their views of a future state; some of them holding that the soul would exist only until the destruction of the universe, and others that it would finally be absorbed into the divine essence and become a part of God. It will be readily seen, therefore, with what pertinency Paul discoursed to them. The leading doctrines of both sects were met by him.

Encountered him - Contended with him; opposed themselves to him.

And some said - This was said in scorn and contempt. He had excited attention; but they scorned such doctrines as they supposed would be delivered by an unknown foreigner from Judea.

What will this babbler say? - Margin, “base fellow.” Greek: σπερμολόγος spermologos. The word occurs nowhere else in the New Testament. It properly means “one who collects seeds,” and was applied by the Greeks to the poor persons who collected the scattered grain in the fields after harvest, or to gleaners; and also to the poor who obtained a precarious subsistence around the markets and in the streets. It was also applied to birds that picked up the scattered seeds of grain in the field or in the markets. The word came hence to have a twofold signification:

(1) It denoted the poor, the needy, and the vile the refuse and offscouring of society; and,

(2) From the birds which were thus employed, and which were troublesome by their continual unmusical sounds, it came to denote those who were talkative, garrulous, and opinionated those who collected the opinions of others, or scraps of knowledge, and retailed them fluently, without order or method. It was a word, therefore, expressive of their contempt for an unknown foreigner who should pretend to instruct the learned men and philosophers of Greece. Doddridge renders it “retailer of scraps.” Syriac, “collector of words.”

Other some - Others.

He seemeth to be a setter forth - He announces or declares the existence of strange gods. The reason why they supposed this was, that he made the capital points of his preaching to be Jesus and the resurrection, which they mistook for the names of divinities.

Of strange gods - Of foreign gods, or demons. They worshipped many gods themselves, and as they believed that every country had its own special divinities, they supposed that Paul had come to announce the existence of some such foreign, and to them unknown gods. The word translated “gods” (δαιμονίων daimoniōn) denotes properly “the genii, or spirits who were superior to human beings, but inferior to the gods.” It is, however, often employed to denote the gods themselves, and is evidently so used here. The gods among the Greeks were such as were supposed to have that rank by nature. The demons were such as had been exalted to divinity from being heroes and distinguished men.

He preached unto them Jesus - He proclaimed him as the Messiah. The mistake which they made by supposing that Jesus was a foreign divinity was one which was perfectly natural for minds degraded like theirs by idolatry. They had no idea of a pure God; they knew nothing of the doctrine of the Messiah; and they naturally supposed, therefore, that he of whom Paul spoke so much must be a god of some other nation, of a rank similar to their own divinities.

And the resurrection - The resurrection of Jesus, and through him the resurrection of the dead. It is evident, I think, that by the resurrection τὴν ἀνάστασιν tēn anastasin they understood him to refer to the name of some goddess. Such was the interpretation of Chrysostom. The Greeks had erected altars to Shame, and Famine, and Desire (Paus., i. 17), and it is probable that they supposed “the resurrection,” or the Anastasis, to be the name also of some unknown goddess who presided over the resurrection. Thus, they regarded him as a setter forth of two foreign or strange gods, Jesus, and the Anastasis, or resurrection.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Epicurean and Stoic philosophers. The former of these philosophers held as their doctrine, that the Almighty did not interfere by his providence in the government of the world; that the soul did not subsist after the body; and consequently, that there was no future state of retribution. The latter denied that man had liberty of action, and maintained, that all things happened by destiny and fatal necessity. These were the two opposite sects St. Paul had to contend with. (Calmet) --- The Stoics believed in the immortality of the soul, and came the nearest to the Christian religion: but both Stoics and Epicureans, with all pagan philosophers, denied the resurrection of bodies; hence St. Augustine says, the faith of a resurrection is peculiar to Christians. (Estius) --- What is it that this babbler[3] would say? A word of contempt, which some translate, this prattler. It is thought to be a metaphor from birds picking up little seeds, or the like, for their food; and to signify, that St. Paul had picked up words and sentences without any solid meaning. (Witham)

===============================

[BIBLIOGRAPHY]

Semini-verbius, Greek: o spermologos, the critics derive it from Greek: legein spermata, colligere semina.

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Both these sects of philosophers were the most opposite to Christianity of all others:

1. The Epicureans (so called from one Epicurus) did generally deny, that the world was made, or that it is governed, by God; as also, that there were any rewards or punishments for men after death, holding nothing to be good but what was so to their senses: and if so, were indeed swine rather than men.

2. The Stoics were so called from the place where they met at first; and held as bad opinions as the other did; and denied that their wise men were inferior to their gods, and in some respect preferred them before their gods; which their Seneca was not free from, Epist. 73. And no wonder if such men oppose the gospel what they may.

What will this babbler say? They make Paul so contemptible, comparing him to such as live by the off falls of corn, which was used to be gathered up as they fell down in measuring, and left to be fed upon by the meanest and poorest of the people.

A setter forth of strange gods; they might amongst the Athenians bring in by public authority as many gods as they would, but none out of their private opinions; which was the fault charged upon Socrates.

And the resurrection; so ignorantly, or maliciously, did they pervert St. Paul’s words, that they accuse him for making the resurrection a god too. Probably they heard him often naming the word, and magnifying of the resurrection, as without which we were without hope.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

18. Philosophers—Socrates was the first who turned the study of men from mere physics to mind and morals. His more legitimate followers were Plato and Aristotle, the former of whom endeavoured to place man’s immortality and the law of immutable right and truth upon a firm basis of positive reason. Of this class of philosophers none seem to have encountered the apostle.

Epicureans—The essential principle of Epicurus was that man should aim at the greatest possible amount of happiness. This maxim is capable of the highest and best meaning. And it is said that Epicurus used it to show that the highest pleasure required the most perfect virtue. But as Epicurus admitted no future state, the maxim in most men’s minds took an individual application. Each one said, “I have but one life to live, and I must, by whatever means, or at whosever expense, get the most enjoyment out of it for myself.” Hence, sensuality and selfishness, tending to utter beastliness, were the natural result. This philosophy is, in its essence, being revived at the present day by such men as Comte, of France, and John Stuart Mill, of England. Such philosophers may, like Epicurus, give a high version of this philosophy, and may sustain it by their own exemplary conduct; but its prevalence ever marks a sensual age. Sensual men will ever feel a tendency to adopt the doctrine; the doctrine will ever exert an influence to make men sensual.

Stoics—The Stoics, reversing the Epicurean maxim, forbid all regard for pleasure, and require us to act solely for the absolute right. He who so acted, discarding all passion or selfishness, was a wise man, a king, a god. This was a noble philosophy, and some of the noblest men of antiquity belonged to this sect. But, knowing nothing but the energy of human nature to rely upon, it placed a greater strain on fallen humanity than it was able to bear. In endeavouring to make men morally perfect it made them perfectly miserable. While Stoicism would make men perfect by crucifying all man’s passions, Christianity would make them so, through a divine aid, by harmonizing the passions with the right, the true, and the good. Thus it attains for man a higher happiness than Epicurus knew, and a perfect righteousness, a holiness, and a blessedness unknown to Stoicism.

But it was in their doctrine of God and a future state that these philosophers came into collision with the preaching of Paul. The Stoics were pantheists, the Epicureans were atheists, and neither knew any future state. Pantheism teaches that the universe, the great whole, the cosmos, is God. Atheism admits, of course, the existence of the cosmos, but denies the existence of any God. In asserting the existence of a true, living, personal God, who exists in entire independence of the cosmos, and able to live without the cosmos, yet author and creator of the cosmos, Paul’s Christianity was at exterminating war with both. Yet pantheism and atheism are at bottom one. Both alike teach that the cosmos, passing through changes and evolutions by laws inherent within itself, is all the God there is. Pantheism avers that there is no God but cosmos, and atheism only denies that besides the cosmos there is any God. With regard to a future state both Epicureans and Stoics maintained that, whether pleasure or duty is our law, all our calculations are limited to this life. Hence, both these sects were at issue with every step of the apostle’s argument. And when Paul uttered the word resurrection, they were as prompt in their rejection of further discourse as were the Jerusalemite Jews when he uttered the word Gentiles, Act_22:22.

Some said—We suppose that this first contemptuous question comes from the haughty Stoics.

Babbler—In the Greek the term σπερμολογος signifies, literally, a seed-picker, an epithet applied to birds. It may here mean figuratively a talker who picks up a smatter of petty subtleties to retail. The term was often applied also to loungers and vagrants, who lived about the agora, like birds, on what they could pick up, and so it may have been applied to Paul.

Strange gods—The very same term, foreign gods, was used in the legal indictment against Socrates. Some have supposed that the plural gods was here used because in the phrase Jesus and the (anastasis) resurrection they mistook anastasis for a goddess. Hackett, Lechler, and others, deny that the Athenians could have made such a mistake. And certainly they could not have made it after having heard the speech of Paul. They might, however, have caught such a notion previously, when, by their own account, they but half understood him.

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

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

And certain also of the Epicurean and Stoic philosophers for then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoicks, A.V.; would for will, A.V.; preached for preached unto them, A.V. and T.R. The Epicureans (so called from Epicurus, their founder) and the Stoics (so called from the stoa, the colonnade or piazza where Zeno their founder taught) were the most numerous scots at Athens at this time; and their respective tenets were the most opposite to the doctrines of the gospel. Encountered him; suneballon. In Act_4:15 it is followed by pro and is properly rendered "conferred;" here it is followed by the dative, and may be understood to mean "disputed" (sumballein logouv). It may, however, not less properly be taken in the sense of a hostile encounter of words, as (gov); Luk_14:31, and frequently in classical Greek. This babbler (spermolo) literally, a picker-up of seeds, applied to a crow (Aristoph., "Ayes," 232, 579). Plutarch too ("Demet.," 28) has spermologoi orniqev, birds picking up seeds. Hence it is used of idle hangers-on in the markets, who get a livelihood by what they can pick up, and so generally of empty, worthless fellows. Hence it is further applied to those who pick up scraps of knowledge from one or another and "babble them indifferently in all companies" (Johnson"s "Dictionary," under "Babble"). A setter forth of strange gods. There does not seem to be the least ground for Chrysostom"s suggestion that they took Anastasis (the Resurrection) for the name of a goddess. But the preaching of Jesus the Son of God, himself risen from the dead (ver. 31), and hereafter to be the Judge of quick and dead at the general resurrection, was naturally, to both Stoics and Epicureans, a setting forth of strange gods. Xena daimonia are "foreign deities," or "daemons," inferior gods. The word kataggeleuv, a setter forth, does not occur elsewhere. But the nearly identical word kataggelov is used by Plutarch.

Christianity and Epicureanism.

Against the doctrine of Epicurus, the truth as it is in Jesus teaches us

I THAT ALL THINGS PROCEED FROM THE INTELLIGENT OPERATION OF THE LIVING GOD, and are by him sustained. That all our springs are not in any" it," but "in him"; (Psa_87:7) that "every gift cometh down from the Father of lights, in whom," etc.; (Jam_1:17) that he (a Divine One) made the worlds, and upholds all things, etc.. (Heb_1:2, Heb_1:3; Gen_1:1; ver. 24; etc.)

II THAT THE HUMAN SPIRIT, AS DISTINCT FROM THE HUMAN" BODY, IS THE ONE OBJECT OF INESTIMABLE VALUE.

III THAT THE CHIEF GOOD AND FINAL END IN HUMAN" LIFE IS RIGHTEOUSNESS. Not ajtarazia through fronhsiv, but righteousness by faith and love.

1. The being counted right (or righteous) by God.

2. The possession of inward, spiritual rectitude.

1. The exhibition of integrity in word and deed. This

1. by faith in Jesus Christ, and

2. as the outgrowth of love to him.

IV THAT THE POSSESSION OF RIGHTEOUSNESS ISSUES IN PEACE AND JOY. We are not to regard a state of mental equability as the great end to be diligently and persistently attained, as the one supreme accomplishment; but to "seek first the kingdom of God, and his righteousness," in the assurance that, thus reeking, we shall find a "peace which passes understanding," and a joy which cannot be taken from us.

V THAT THERE IS AN ASSURED FUTURE FOR THE FAITHFUL, WHICH WILL REALIZE THE LARGEST HUMAN HOPE: that the mind does not perish with the body, but lives on in another world, entering a brighter realm, moving in a broader sphere, living a fuller life, in the home of God, in the abode of purity and blessedness. C.

Christianity and Stoicism.

While there were points in Stoicism which harmonized with the doctrine of the great Teacher, there was very much indeed in which it was wholly dissimilar and even antagonistic. The fact that it conducted so freely and frequently to suicide is a melancholy confession of its failure; something more and something other was needed to meet the wants of the soul than its proud, self-sufficient, but insufficient egoism. Christianity differs from it in that it teaches

I THAT A DIVINE FATHER, AND NOT AN INEXORABLE FATE, IS THE RULING POWER IN THE UNIVERSE. It is not true that Deity is subject to all-conquering fate; it is true that all circumstance is under Divine control.

II THAT CONTROLLED AND CONSECRATED FEELING, NOT AN INFLEXIBLE APATHY, IS THE HIGHEST ATTAINABLE CONDITION. We are not to quench our feeling, or to impose on ourselves or others by the appearance of apathy. We are to weep and to rejoice; but

(1) our sorrow and our joy are both to be regulated we are to "let our moderation appear unto all men;" and

(2) our sorrow and our joy are both to be consecrated to God, the one is to be borne with a resignation which is not a sullen endurance of the inevitable, but a filial acceptance of the decision of the wise and faithful Father of spirits; the other is to be accepted with thankfulness, and dedicated to the service of the Supreme One and the surrounding ones.

III THAT A TRUE SPIRITUAL CONDITION IS ATTAINABLE, NOT BY UNAIDED INDIVIDUAL WILL, BUT BY HELP OF THE DIVINE SPIRIT. (2Co_12:10; Php_4:13)

IV THAT NEITHER ULTIMATE ABSORPTION, NOR UTTER DESTRUCTION, BUT AN EVER-LIVING SPIRIT IN A GLORIFIED BODY, IS THE HOPE OF THE WISE AND TRUE. "He preached unto them Jesus, and the resurrection. C.

Vers. 18-21. Curiosity at the feet of Christ.

In the company which gathered on Mars" Hill, to listen to the Christian teacher, we have a picture of curiosity sitting at the feet of Christ. For it is clear that this was not a court sitting to try a prisoner, but a chance company of citizens, wishing to hear what new and strange doctrine this visitor had brought them.

I THE CURIOSITY WHICH IS CONTEMPTUOUS. "What will this babbler say?" said some using the language of superciliousness. They evidently thought it was hardly worth while to pause m their gossip to listen to this new speaker; nevertheless they condescended to hear him for five minutes or a quarter of an hour! When men assume this attitude toward Christ and his gospel, they may expect to gain nothing at all from him. "God resisteth the proud." Except we be converted from the spirit of contemptuousness, we shall not enter the kingdom of heavenly truth.

II THE CURIOSITY WHICH IS FRIVOLOUS. The audience on the Acropolis included some who were not contemptuous, but simply curious; they wanted to hear "some new thing" (ver. 21), to learn what was to be said of these "strange gods" which this Jew was "setting forth" (ver. 18). If there is nothing directly unfavorable, there is nothing actually favorable in this spirit of undevout inquisitiveness. No one attending the sanctuary in this temper has any right to expect a blessing. The disciple who brings nothing better than this to the feet of the Master may expect to go away unenlightened. But he may not depart unblessed.- Of the men who clave to Paul and believed (ver. 34), there were probably some who came on no high purpose bent, and who found more than they sought. Better come and listen, even from empty curiosity, than refuse to hear; better bring in the multitude with this inducement, than leave them outside in ignorance and error.

III THE CURIOSITY WATCH IS EARNEST. Shall we not think that among the "certain men" who did believe, there were found a few who went up the steps of Mars" Hill sincerely desirous of learning what was true? Was not Dionysius or Damaris one whose heart had some "hunger after righteousness"? Certainly it is they who come in order that they may know the truth, who are curious to hear that they may be prompt to do the will of God it is they who are likely to "be filled with the knowledge of his will in all wisdom and spiritual understanding." "Of such is the kingdom of heaven;" and to such it is that the Master says," Seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you." Those who earnestly desire to know

(1) what is the character and the attitude of God,

(2) what are the real conditions of salvation and eternal life,

(3) how they may best live to please God and to benefit the world, these shall not return empty-minded; they shall be filled. C. (Mat_5:6)

The world"s want supplied.

preached unto them Jesus, and the resurrection." Paul at Athens a typical fact. No place so representative. No preacher so equal to the occasion. His spirit stirred within him. Idolatry turning human greatness into ruin. To the unknown God. " Great opportunity well employed. No dreary denunciations. No lowering the gospel by admixture with human speculations. He presages the time when the intellect of Greece and the power of Rome would both alike be Christ"s. He dared their mockery, to win their hearts.

I A PERSONAL SAVIOR. Jesus:

1. Presented as Divine. "Setter forth of strange gods." The facts of the gospel so described as to reveal the Divinity.

2. Set forth as an Object of trust. Just what such minds required, to look away from self and the vagaries of the mind. Names enough in the ancient world. This Name above every name.

II A PRACTICAL APPEAL.

1. To a true worship in place of the false. Religion universal. Paul"s preaching was not intended merely to change the forms, but the substance; to place religion on its true foundation, not as man"s offering to propitiate the Deity, but as his acceptance of God"s love in fellowship. Jesus is in the midst of us, therefore we worship no longer an unknown God.

2. To a new life in place of the old. A great city like Athens reminds us of the world"s wants power to live a better life. He did not preach a mere story of the past, but a proclamation of a new kingdom of grace, which should make all life afresh. Words! Examples! They had them. But they wanted power. There was a new fact before their eyes, a living man changed and made from a persecutor into a missionary. Nothing like it in Greece.

3. To a great future. The resurrection. Personal prospect. A fact more than arguments. Messages to Corinth. In Christ shall all be made alive". (1Co 15) May such doctrine prove its sufficiency in us! R.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Some of the Epicurean and Stoic philosopher - The Epicureans entirely denied a providence, and held the world to be the effect of mere chance; asserting sensual pleasure to be man's chief good, and that the soul and body died together. The Stoics held, that matter was eternal; that all things were governed by irresistible fate; that virtue was its own sufficient reward, and vice its own sufficient punishment. It is easy to see, how happily the apostle levels his discourse at some of the most important errors of each, while, without expressly attacking either, he gives a plain summary of his own religious principles. What would this babbler say? - Such is the language of natural reason, full of, and satisfied with itself. Yet even here St. Paul had some fruit; though nowhere less than at Athens. And no wonder, since this city was a seminary of philosophers, who have ever been the pest of true religion. He seemeth to be a proclaimer - This he returns upon them at the 23rd verse; of strange gods - Such as are not known even at Athens. Because he preached to them Jesus and the resurrection - A God and a goddess. And as stupid as this mistake was, it is the less to be wondered at, since the Athenians might as well count the resurrection a deity, as shame, famine, and many others.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

Epicureans Disciples of Epicurus, B.C. 342-271, who abandoned as hopeless the search by reason for pure truth, cf. Joh 18:38 seeking instead true pleasure through experience.

Stoicks Disciples of Zeno, B.C. 280, and Chrysippus, B.C. 240. This philosophy was founded on human self-sufficiency, inculcated stern self-repression, the solidarily of the race, and the unity of Deity. Epicureans and Stocis divided the apostolic world.

The Scofield Reference Bible (1917 edition), notes by C. I. Scofield — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

18. By efforts so persistent he succeeded in attracting some attention from the idle throng, but it was of a character, at first, not very flattering. (18) " The certain of the Epicurean and Stoic philosophers encountered him, and some said, What will this babbler say? And others, He seems to be a proclaimer of foreign demons; because he preached to them Jesus and the resurrection. " The persistency with which he sought the attention of every one he met suggested the epithet " babbler, " and the prominence in his arguments of the name of Jesus and the resurrection suggested to the inattentive hearers that these were two foreign demons whom he was trying to make known to them.

The two classes of philosophers whom he encountered were the antipodes of each other, and the practical philosophy of each was antipodal to the doctrine of Paul. The Stoics taught that the true philosophy of life was a total indifference to both the sorrows and pleasures of the world; while the Epicureans sought relief from life's sorrows in the studied pursuit of its pleasures. In opposition to the former, Paul taught that we should weep with those who weep, and rejoice with those who rejoice; and in opposition to the latter, that we should deny ourselves in reference to all ungodliness and worldly lusts.

J. W. McGarvey (with Philip Y. Pendleton), Commentaries on the New Testament (The Fourfold Gospel, 1914; Acts; and the epistles) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

General Information:

Here the words "him," "He, "and "he" refer to Paul.

Epicurean and Stoic philosophers

These people believed all things were formed by chance and that the gods were too busy being happy to be bothered with governing the universe. They rejected the resurrection and wanted only simple pleasures. (See: How to Translate Names)

Stoic philosophers

These people believed freedom comes from resigning oneself to fate. They rejected a personal loving God and the resurrection. (See: How to Translate Names)

encountered him

"happened upon him"

Some said

"Some of the philosophers said"

What is this babbler

The word "babbler" was used to refer to birds picking up seeds as food. It refers negatively to a person who only knows a little bit of information. The philosophers said Paul had bits of information which were not worth listening to. AT: "What is this uneducated person" (See: Metaphor)

Others said

"Other philosophers said"

He seems to be one who calls people to follow

"He seems to be a proclaimer" or "He seems to be on a mission to add people to his philosophy"

strange gods

This is not in the sense of "odd," but in the sense of "foreign," that is, gods that Greeks and Romans do not worship or know about.

translationWords

preach

God

Jesus

resurrection

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

18. αὐτοῖς before εὐηγγελίζετο omitted with אBLP. Vulg. has ‘eis.’

18. τινὲς δὲ καὶ τῶν Ἐπικουρείων καὶ Στωϊκῶν φιλοσόφων, then certain philosophers, both of the Epicureans and of the Stoics. In St Paul’s day these two systems of philosophy were most prominent throughout the Roman world, and were regarded as conflicting, though in many points they bear a strong likeness to one another. Both were the result of a desire to find some better principle for the guidance of man’s moral nature than could be found in the so-called religious systems of Greece and Rome. But before the Christian era much that was best in both schools had sadly degenerated from its pristine character.

The founder of the Stoics was Zeno of Citium in Cyprus. His precise date is uncertain, but he flourished in the century between B.C. 350–250. The first lesson of his teaching was that the highest duty of the philosopher was to practise virtue. For the doing this knowledge was necessary, and the only knowledge that could be relied on was that which was based upon sensation. Reality belonged only to material things such as the senses could appreciate. In this manner the Stoic philosophy became materialist. For though owning the existence of God and of the soul in man, Zeno and his followers spake of these as, in some sense, material. But they termed God the soul of the universe, and taught that all things are produced from him, and will at last be absorbed into him again. And then a new world-cycle will begin and be in all respects like that which went before. So the Stoics were Pantheists. They taught moreover that the universe was governed by unchanging law, that the lot of individuals, and the occurrence of particular events, were all uncertain. The care of Providence was for the fabric of the universe, and only indirectly extended to particulars or individuals whose lot was bound up with the unchanging course of fixed law. The Stoics therefore were Fatalists. The way in which the individual could make the nearest approach to happiness was by bringing himself, through knowledge, into harmony with the course of the universe. But so unimportant did the individual appear to these philosophers, that suicide was held to be lawful, and at times praiseworthy. They were conscious of both physical and moral evil in the world, and from this men might escape by self-inflicted death. They taught however that, though the virtuous might have to suffer, no real evil happens to them, nor real good to the vicious. Fortified with this thought, the Stoic trained himself to be proudly independent of externals, and to bear evils, should they come, with indifference, and thus he strove to secure undisturbed peace of mind. Materialism, Pantheism, Fatalism and pride, were the features of one of the systems into contact with which St Paul was brought at Athens.

The Epicureans (named from Epicurus, born at Samoa B.C. 342) agreed with the Stoics that philosophy should seek to promote the happiness of man, but maintained that this end could be best gained by the pursuit of pleasure. By this language they did not intend profligate pleasure, but a state wherein the body was free from pain and the mind from disturbance. They too made the senses their means of judging of what is pleasure, and so with them man became the measure of all good for himself. Thus the Epicureans were materialists. But differing from the Stoics they taught the world was formed by chance, and that the gods had no concern in its creation. Their gods were described as perfectly happy, dwelling apart and caring neither for the world nor its inhabitants. Thus the Epicureans were practical atheists. With them man might approach to a state of happiness by circumscribing his wants, so that life might be free from care. To restrain the senses was the Epicurean road to happiness, to crush them as much as possible into insensibility was the path of the Stoic. But having such thoughts of the gods, neither system had in any way run counter to the popular theology. By doing so the Stoic would fear lest he should be thought to deny God altogether, while the Epicurean, though thinking all such worship folly, yet felt it too great an interruption to the pleasure which he sought, to become an advocate of the abolition of idol worship. So St Paul found Athens crowded with the images and altars of the gods.

συνέβαλλον αὐτῷ, encountered him, i.e. met him in disputation, argued with him. The word is used of the Sanhedrin holding a debate among themselves (Act 4:15) on what was to be done with the Apostles.

τί ἂν θέλοι ὁ σπερμολόγος οὗτος λέγειν; what would this babbler say? i.e. if we would listen to him.

σπερμολόγος is not found elsewhere in N.T. or LXX. In profane writers it is used of birds picking up scattered grain, and then figuratively of men who pick up a living as best they may, and hence are willing to flatter for the sake of what they can get. Men without principle or ground in what they say.

ξένων δαιμονίων … εἷναι, he seems to be a setter-forth of strange gods. δαιμόνια, from which comes the English ‘demon,’ was used in classical Greek mostly to denote some inferior order among the divine beings. In the LXX. it is always applied to false gods or evil spirits. Cf. Tob 3:8, Ἀσμοδαῖος τὸ πονηρὸν δαιμόνιον. It was one of the accusations brought against Socrates, and the charge on which he was condemned, that he introduced new δαιμόνια (Xen. Mem. I. 1, 2: Plato Apolog. 40 A &c.). It has been thought by some that the Athenians, from using this word in the plural, fancied that ‘Jesus’ was one new divinity and Ἀνάστασις another. On the latter notion Chrysostom says, καὶ γὰρ τὴν ἀνάστασιν θεόν τινα εἶναι ἐνόμιζον, ἅτε εἰωθότες καὶ θηλείας σέβειν.

Times seem changed at Athens since the prosecution of Socrates, for it is not anger, but scornful curiosity, which prompts the language of the speakers. They do not mean to assail Paul for his teaching, and amid the abundance of idols, they perhaps now would have felt no difficulty in allowing Jesus a place, provided he did not seek to overthrow all the rest of their divinities.

The nature of St Paul’s teaching ‘in the market-place’ has not been mentioned until we are told that it was of ‘Jesus and the resurrection.’ We may take this as a specimen of the way in which the author of the Acts has dealt with his materials. He has not seen it needful here to do more than specify in half-a-dozen words what St Paul had spoken about; and so when we have a report of a speech we need not suppose that he has given, or intended to give, more than a summary of what the speaker said, and, adhering to the substance, has cast his abbreviated record into such form as best fitted his narrative.

Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges (Cambridge University Press, 1896; 21 vols, various authors incl. Carr, Maclear, Plummer, Farrar, Lumby, Moule, M. R. James, Simcox) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

18. Ἐπικουρείων] The Epicurean philosophy was antagonistic to the gospel, as holding the atomic theory in opposition to the creation of matter,—the disconnexion of the Divinity from the world and its affairs, in opposition to the idea of a ruling Providence,—and the indissoluble union, and annihilation together, of soul and body, as opposed to the hope of eternal life, and indeed to all spiritual religion whatever. The Epicureans were the materialists of the ancient world. The common idea attached to Epicureanism must be discarded in our estimate of the persons mentioned in our text. The summum bonum of the real Epicureans, far from being a degraded and sensual pleasure, was ἀταοαξία of mind, based upon φρόνησις,—perhaps the best estimate of the highest good formed in the heathen world;—and their ethics were exceedingly strict. But the abuse to which such a doctrine was evidently liable, gave rise to a pseudo-Epicureanism, which has generally passed current for the real, and which amply illustrated the truth, that ‘corruptio optimi est pessima.’ For their chimerical ἀταραξία, Paul offered them τὴν εἰρήνην τὴν ὑπερέχουσαν πάντα νοῦν, Php 4:7.

Στοϊκῶν] So named from the στοὰ ποικίλη (see above), founded by of Cittium in the fourth century b.c., but perhaps more properly by Cleanthes and Chrysippus in the third century b.c. Their philosophy, while it approached the truth in holding one supreme Governor of all, compromised it, in allowing of any and all ways of conceiving and worshipping Him (see below, vv. 24, 25),—and contravened it, in its pantheistic belief that all souls were emanations of Him. In spirit it was directly opposed to the gospel,—holding the independence of man on any being but himself, together with the subjection of God and man alike to the stern laws of an inevitable fate. On the existence of the soul after death their ideas were various: some holding that all souls endure to the conflagration of all things,—others confining this to the souls of good men,—and others believing all souls to be reabsorbed into the Divinity. By these tenets they would obviously be placed in antagonism to the doctrines of a Saviour of the world and the resurrection,—and to placing the summum bonum of man in abundance of that grace which ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ τελεῖται, 2Co 12:9.

τινες ἔλεγον.… οἱ δέ] These are not to be taken as belonging the one to the Epicureans, the other to the Stoics,—but rather as describing two classes, common perhaps to both schools,—the one of which despised him and his sayings, and the other were disposed to take a more serious view of the matter, and charge him with bringing in new deities.

σπερμολόγος] σπερμολόγος εἶδος ἐστὶν ὀρνέου λωβωμένου τὰ σπέρματα· ἐξ οὗ οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι σπερμολόγους ἐκάλουν τοὺς περὶ ἐμπόρια καὶ ἀγορὰς διατρίβοντας, διὰ τὸ ἀναλέγεσθαι τὰ ἐκ τῶν φορτίων ἀποῤῥέοντα, καὶ διαζῇν ἐκ τούτων. ad Odyss. ε. 490, where Damm observes, σπερμολογεῖν, ‘verbum recentiorum; dicitur ἐπὶ τῶν ἀλαζονευομένων ἀμεθόδως ἐπὶ μαθήμασιν ἐις τινῶν παρακουσμάτων, si quis quid arripuit forte ex disciplinis, eoque se imperite jactat:’ babbler is the very best English word: as both signifying one who talks fluently to no purpose, and hinting also that his talk is not his own.

ξένων δαιμ.] ἀδικεῖ Σωκράτης.… καινὰ δαιμόνια εἰσφέρων, was one of the charges on which Athens put to death her wisest son.

δαιμόνια is not plural for singular, as Kuin.: nor merely, though this is somewhat more probable, marks the category, as Meyer: nor can it refer (Chrys., Theophyl., Œcum., Hammond, Heinrichs) to Jesus and the ἀνάστασις, mistaken for a goddess (a sufficient answer to which strange idea is, that ἡ ἀνάστασις is merely a statement in the mouths of others, of the doctrine taught by Paul, which he would hardly ever, if ever, specify by this word,—compare vv. 31 and 32): but alludes (as De Wette) to the true God, the God of the Jews, and Jesus Christ His Son: the Creator of the world (ver. 24), and the Man whom He hath appointed to judge it, ver. 31.

καταγγελεύς] Compare ver. 23, end; which is an express answer to this charge.

Henry Alford, The Greek Testament (1849–1861) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Epicureans. Disciples of Epicurus, and atheists. They acknowledged God in words, but denied his providence and superintendence over the world. According to them, the soul was material and annihilated at death. Pleasure was their chief good; and whatever higher sense their founder might have attached to this doctrine, his followers, in the apostle 's day, were given to gross sensualism.

Stoics. Pantheists. God was the soul of the world, or the world was God. Everything was governed by fate, to which God himself was subject. They denied the universal and perpetual immortality of the soul; some supposing that it was swallowed up in deity; others, that it survived only till the final conflagration; others, that immortality was restricted to the wise and good. Virtue was its own reward, and vice its own punishment. Pleasure was no good, and pain no evil. The name Stoic was derived from stoa, a porch. Zeno, the founder of the Stoic sect, held his school in the Stoa Paecile, or painted portico, so called because adorned with pictures by the best masters.

Babbler [σπερμολογος] . Lit., seed - picker : a bird which picks up seeds in the streets and markets; hence one who picks up and retails scraps of news. Trench (" Authorized Version of the New Testament ") cites a parallel from Shakespeare :

" This fellow picks up wit as pigeons peas, And utters it again when Jove doth please.

He is wit's peddler, and retails his wares At wakes, and wassails, meetings, markets, fairs " Love 's Labor 's Lost, 5, 2 Setter - forth [καταγγελευς] . See on declare, verse 23. Compare 1Pe 4:4, 12.

Strange. Foreign.

Marvin R. Vincent, Word Studies in the New Testament (1887–1900) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.