2 Samuel 16:6

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 2 Samuel 16:6 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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2 Samuel 16:6 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/2-samuel/16/6.

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English Translation
He cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    He cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And he cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And he stoned David with stones and all of the servants of King David, and all of the people and all of the mighty on his right and on his left.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    He cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    He threw stones at David and at all the servants of the king, though the troops and all the mighty men were on David’s right and left.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    He threw stones at David and at all the servants of the king, though the troops and all the mighty men were on David’s right and left.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And he cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And he cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And he cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And he cast stones at Dauid, and at all the seruants of King Dauid: and all the people, and all the men of warre were on his right hande, and on his left.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    And he threw stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people, and all the warriors walked on the right, and on the left side of the king.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and he stoneth David with stones, and all the servants of king David, and all the people, and all the mighty men on his right and on his left.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and he stones David with stones, and all the servants of King David, and all the people, and all the mighty men on his right and on his left.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    He threw stones at David and at all of the king's officials, in spite of the army and bodyguards who were on the king's right and left.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And he stoned David with stones and all of the servants of King David, and all of the people and all of the mighty on his right and on his left.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    and cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David; and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    He cast stones at David and at all the servants of King David, and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And he cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    He threw stones at David and all the king's officers, even though the king's men and all his bodyguards surrounded David.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And he sent stones at David and at all the king's servants and at all the people and at all the men of war by his side, on the right hand and on the left.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And he cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David; and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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וַיְסַקֵּ֤ל
çâqal
H5619
“and · to stone”
Conjunction + Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
Part of Speech
Conjunction + Verb
Stem
Piel
Form
Sequential Imperfect
Person
3rd Person
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 1541

to stone (to death), put to death by stoning - (Qal) to pelt with stones, stone to death - (Niphal) to be stoned to death - (Piel) - to stone, pelt with stones - to free from stones (of vineyard, highway) - (Pual) to be stoned to death
  1. בָּֽאֲבָנִים֙ ʼeben H68 “in/at the · stones” Preposition, Determined + Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Absolute
  2. אֶת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
  3. דָּוִ֔ד Dâvid H1732 “David” Noun, Proper
  4. וְאֶת ʼêth H853 “and · -” Conjunction + Particle, Direct Object
  5. כָּל kôl H3605 “all of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  6. עַבְדֵ֖י ʻebed H5650 “servants of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct
  7. הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ melek H4428 “the · king” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  8. דָּוִ֑ד Dâvid H1732 “David” Noun, Proper
  9. וְכָל kôl H3605 “and · all of” Conjunction + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  10. הָעָם֙ ʻam H5971 “the · people” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  11. וְכָל kôl H3605 “and · all of” Conjunction + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  12. הַגִּבֹּרִ֔ים gibbôwr H1368 “the · mighty” Particle, Definite Article + Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
  13. מִימִינ֖וֹ yâmîyn H3225 “from · right hand · his” Preposition + Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  14. וּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹ sᵉmôʼwl H8040 “and · from · left · his” Conjunction + Preposition + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

15
words
11
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is וַיְסַקֵּ֤ל to stone H5619 — appearing just 22 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וַיְסַקֵּ֤ל to stone H5619 occurs in 20 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 1 verb
  • 11 nouns
  • 1 adjective
  • 2 particles

Verb forms

  • וַיְסַקֵּ֤ל Piel · Sequential Imperfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • כָּל all H3605 ×3
  • דָּוִ֔ד David H1732 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 31 words from the Hebrew and 32 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 15 Hebrew tokens and 29 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 2 Samuel 16:6 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיְסַקֵּ֤ל בָּֽאֲבָנִים֙ אֶת דָּוִ֔ד וְאֶת כָּל עַבְדֵ֖י הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֑ד וְכָל הָעָם֙ וְכָל הַגִּבֹּרִ֔ים מִימִינ֖וֹ וּמִשְּׂמֹאלֽוֹ

He cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men were on his right hand and on his left.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 2 Samuel 16:6 Septuagint · lemma form

καί λιθάζω ἐν λίθος ὁ δαυίδ καί πᾶς ὁ παῖς ὁ βασιλεύς δαυίδ καί πᾶς ὁ λαός εἰμί καί πᾶς ὁ δυνατός ἐκ δεξιός καί ἐκ εὐώνυμος ὁ βασιλεύς

and cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men were on the right and left hand of the king.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וּמְרַגֵם בְּאַבְנַיָא יַת דָוִד וְיַת כָּל עַבְדֵי מַלְכָּא דָוִד וְכָל עַמָא וְכָל גִבָּרַיָא מִימִינֵיהּ וּמִשְׂמָאלֵיהּ:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 2 Samuel 16:6 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

2Sa 16:6 And he cast stones at David, and at all the servants of king David: and all the people and all the mighty men [were] on his right hand and on his left.

Ver. 6. And he cast stones at David.] He both spake and cast stones against David: not that he could thereby harm him, but the more to show his hatred and contempt.

And all the mighty men were on his right hand.] So that if Shimei had not been stark mad with malice, he would not have thus desperately vented himself, and ventured his life.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

That is, round about him.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(6) He cast stones.—The road appears to have led along the side of a narrow ravine, on the opposite side of which (see 2Sa_16:9, “let me go over”) Shimei kept along with the fugitives, out of reach, and yet easily heard, and able to annoy them with stones.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

6. And he cast stones, &c.] The scene is described with an exactness which bespeaks an eye-witness. The road apparently was parallel to a ridge—the “rib” or “side of the hill,” 2Sa_16:13—and separated from it by a deep but narrow ravine—“let me go over,” 2Sa_16:9—so that Shimei was out of easy reach, though within a stone’s throw of David and his party.

and all the people, &c.] This enhanced the impudent audacity of Shimei’s behaviour.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And he cast stones at David, and at all the servants of King David,.... Not that he was within the reach of them, or could hurt them, by casting them at them; but this he did to show his contempt of them, and to intimate that they deserved to be stoned, and especially David, at whose adultery he might point by it:

and all the people, and all the mighty men were on his right hand,

and on his left; that is, of David; which is observed, not so much to indicate the safety of David's person, as the impudence and madness of Shimei, to cast stones at David when so guarded.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

He cast stones; not so much to hurt them, as to show his contempt of them.

All the people were on his right hand and on his left; which is noted to show the prodigious madness of the man; though rage (which is truly said to be a short madness) and the height of malice hath oft transported men to the most hazardous and desperate speeches and actions.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

6. Cast stones at David — As if to visit upon him the penalty due to an adulterer. Compare Lev_20:10, with Joh_8:5.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

2 Samuel, in the Historical, opens this verse with 15 words (11 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is çâqal (“to stone”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. The word çâqal carries the sense “to stone.” How does it shape the verse?
  2. Exodus 8:26 shares the word «to stone» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  3. “all” occurs 3× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
  4. The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
  5. The verb «וַיְסַקֵּ֤ל» is Piel Sequential Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
  6. Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Geneva Bible (1599) read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

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Shown beneath each verse's original-language words.

Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

Comparing translations? Open the Compare panel on any verse page to stack up to four side by side.