2 Kings 13:24

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

Hazael king of Syria died; and Benhadad his son reigned in his place.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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חֲזָאֵ֣ל

Chăzâʼêl

H2371

“Hazael”

Noun, Proper

Appears 23× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at 1 Kings 19:15

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H2372 and H410

TWOT: None

Hazael = "one who sees God" - a king of Syria; sent by his master, Ben-hadad, to the prophet Elisha, to seek a remedy for Ben-hadad's leprosy; apparently later killed Ben-hadad, assumed the throne, and soon became engaged in a war with the kings of Judah and Israel for the possession of the city of Ramoth-gilead

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

9: words
8: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is חֲזָאֵ֣ל Hazael H2371 — appearing just 23 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

חֲזָאֵ֣ל Hazael H2371 occurs in 21 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
6 nouns
1 preposition

Verb forms

וַיָּ֖מָת Qal · Sequential Imperfect
וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ Qal · Sequential Imperfect

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

בֶּן Ben-hadad H1130 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 13 words from the Hebrew and 17 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 9 Hebrew tokens and 13 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 2 Kings 13:24 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Psalms 125:3 For the scepter of wickedness won't remain over the allotment of the righteous; So that the righteous won't use their hands to do evil.
Luke 18:7 Won't God avenge his chosen ones, who are crying out to him day and night, and yet he exercises patience with them?

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 2 Kings 13:24 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיָּ֖מָת חֲזָאֵ֣ל מֶֽלֶךְ אֲרָ֑ם וַיִּמְלֹ֛ךְ בֶּן הֲדַ֥ד בְּנ֖וֹ תַּחְתָּֽיו

Hazael king of Syria died; and Benhadad his son reigned in his place.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 2 Kings 13:24 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ἀποθνήσκω αζαηλ βασιλεύς συρία καί βασιλεύω υἱός αδερ υἱός αὐτός ἀντί αὐτός

And Azael king of Syria died, and the son of Ader his son reigned in his stead.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וּמִית חֲזָאֵל מַלְכָּא דַאֲרָם וּמְלַךְ בַּר הֲדַד בְּרֵיהּ תְּחוֹתוֹהִי:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 2 Kings 13:24 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

2Ki 13:24 So Hazael king of Syria died; and Benhadad his son reigned in his stead.

Ver. 24. So Hazael king of Syria died.] And Israel had thereupon not halcyon days only, but three signal victories.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Tyndale Open Study Notes

Tyndale Open Resources

13:24-25 Ben-hadad son of Hazael came to the throne of Aram in Damascus in 802 BC, reigning twenty-two years in a declining kingdom. • Adad-nirari III of Assyria inflicted heavy losses against the Arameans (805–802 BC), allowing King Jehoash of Israel to further decimate this enemy. Fulfilling Elisha’s prophecy, Israel defeated Ben-hadad on three occasions and so recovered the Israelite towns. Jehoash’s limited success provided a springboard for Jeroboam II’s full-scale victories over the Arameans (14:25).

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(24) Ben-hadad—III., not mentioned in the As Syrian inscriptions. His reign synchronises with that of Samas-Rimmon in Assyria, who made no expeditions to the West (B.C. 825-812). The name Ben-hadad does not, of course, signify any connection with the dynasty overthrown by Hazael. It was a Divine title (Comp. Note on 2Ki_6:24.)

Benhadad was probably a feebler sovereign than Hazael. The rule, “Fortes creantur fortibus et bonis,” is perhaps as often contradicted as corroborated by actual experience.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

24. Ben-hadad his son] Hazael has given to his son the name which had previously been common in the Syrian royal family. This is the third Ben-hadad on the throne of Damascus. (Cf. Schrader, p. 109.) Nothing is known of him from the inscriptions.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

So Hazael ... died - literally, “And Hazael died,” a fact not mentioned before.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

24. Hazael… died — This was the beginning of deliverance, for the death of this fierce warrior removed from Israel a source of constant terror. All the evil which Elisha foresaw he would do to Israel (see note on 2Ki_8:12) had doubtless been done.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

So Hazael King of Syria died; rather, and Hazael... died. His death is a new fact, not involved in anything that has been previously stated. It appears by ver. 22 that he outlived Jehoahaz. And Benhadad his son reigned in his stead. Hazael, the usurper, gave his eldest son the name of the monarch whom he had murdered. It was an old royal name in 1Ki_15:18) having been borne by at least two of Hazael"s predecessors. The meaning which has been assigned to it ("Son of the sun") is doubtful.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

Hazael ... Ben Hadad ... Jehoash ... Jehoahaz

These are names of kings. (See: How to Translate Names)

became king in his place

"became king after him"

Jehoash attacked him three times

Here "Jehoash" and "him" refer to the kings and their armies. AT: "Jehoash's army attacked Ben Hadad's army three times" (See: Synecdoche)

he recovered those cities of Israel

"Jehoash took back control of the Israelite cities that Ben Hadad had captured"

translationWords

kingdom of Israel

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

2 Kings, in the Historical, opens this verse with 9 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Chăzâʼêl (“Hazael”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

What does “Hazael” (Chăzâʼêl) contribute to the verse as a whole?
1 Kings 19:15 shares the word «Hazael» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
“Ben-hadad” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
The verb «וַיָּ֖מָת» is Qal Sequential Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Tyndale Open Study Notes read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

This verse counts 9 Hebrew ↔ 13 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 7 words in this verse.
“Ben-hadad” occurs 2× in this single verse.
8 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 9 words in this verse.