1 Samuel 18:26

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Samuel 18:26 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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1 Samuel 18:26 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/1-samuel/18/26.

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English Translation
When his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king's son-in-law. The days were not expired;
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    When his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king's son-in-law. The days were not expired;
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And when his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king's son in law: and the days were not expired.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And his servants declared these words to David, and the thing was right in the eyes of David, to make himself son-in-law of the king. And the days were not full,

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    When his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king's son-in-law. The days were not expired;
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    When the servants reported these terms to David, he was pleased to become the king’s son-in-law. Before the wedding day arrived,
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    When the servants reported these terms to David, he was pleased to become the king’s son-in-law. Before the wedding day arrived,
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And when his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king's son in law: and the days were not expired.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And when his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king's son-in-law. And the days were not expired;
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And when his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king’s son in law. And the days were not expired;
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And when his seruantes tolde Dauid these wordes, it pleased Dauid well, to be the Kings sonne in law: and the dayes were not expired.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    And when his servants had told David the words that Saul had said, the word was pleasing in the eyes of David to be the king's son in law.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    And his servants declare to David these words, and the thing is right in the eyes of David, to be son-in-law to the king; and the days have not been full,
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    And his servants declare these words to David, and the thing is right in the eyes of David, to be son-in-law of the king; and the days have not been full,
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    When his servants told David these words, it pleased David to be the king's son-in-law.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And his servants declared these words to David, and the thing was right in the eyes of David, to make himself son-in-law of the king. And the days were not full,
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And his servants told David these words; and the thing was right in David's sight to be the king's son-in-law. And the days were not expired,
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    When his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king’s son-in-law. Before the deadline,
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And when his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king's son-in-law: and the days had not expired.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    When the servants reported what the king had said back to David, he was happy to become the king's son-in-law. While there was still time,
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And when his servants said these words to David, he was well pleased to be the son-in-law of the king. And the days were still not past.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And when his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king's son-in-law. And the days were not expired;

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

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וַיִּשַׁ֤ר
yâshar
H3474
“and · to be right”
Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
Part of Speech
Conjunction + Verb
Stem
Qal
Form
Sequential Imperfect
Person
3rd Person
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 930

to be right, be straight, be level, be upright, be just, be lawful, be smooth - (Qal) - to go straight - to be pleasing, be agreeable, be right (figuratively) - to be straightforward, be upright - (Piel) - to make right, make smooth, make straight - to lead, direct, lead straight along - to esteem right, approve - (Pual) to be made level, be laid smoothly out - (Hiphil) to make straight, look straight
  1. וַיַּגִּ֨דוּ nâgad H5046 “and · to make known” Conjunction + Verb, Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural
  2. עֲבָדָ֤יו ʻebed H5650 “servants · his” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  3. לְדָוִד֙ Dâvid H1732 “to/for · David” Preposition + Noun, Proper
  4. אֶת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
  5. הַדְּבָרִ֣ים dâbâr H1697 “the · words” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
  6. הָאֵ֔לֶּה ʼêl-leh H428 “the · these” Particle, Definite Article + Pronoun, Demonstrative, Common, Plural
  7. הַדָּבָר֙ dâbâr H1697 “the · word” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  8. בְּעֵינֵ֣י ʻayin H5869 “in/at · eyes of” Preposition + Noun, Common, Both, Dual, Construct
  9. דָוִ֔ד Dâvid H1732 “David” Noun, Proper
  10. לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ן châthan H2859 “to marry” Preposition + Verb, Hithpael, Infinitive Construct
  11. בַּמֶּ֑לֶךְ melek H4428 “in/at the · king” Preposition, Determined + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  12. וְלֹ֥א lôʼ H3808 “and · not” Conjunction + Particle, Negative
  13. מָלְא֖וּ mâlêʼ H4390 “to fill” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural
  14. הַיָּמִֽים yôwm H3117 “the · days” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

15
words
13
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וַיִּשַׁ֤ר to be right H3474 occurs in 26 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 4 verbs
  • 8 nouns
  • 1 pronoun
  • 2 particles

Verb forms

  • וַיַּגִּ֨דוּ Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect
  • וַיִּשַׁ֤ר Qal · Sequential Imperfect
  • לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ן Hithpael · Infinitive Construct
  • מָלְא֖וּ Qal · Perfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • לְדָוִד֙ David H1732 ×2
  • הַדְּבָרִ֣ים word H1697 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 21 words from the Hebrew and 22 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

Cross-references

1

Topical passages linked to 1 Samuel 18:26 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • 1 Samuel 18:21 Saul said, I will give her to him, that she may be a snare to him, and that the hand of the Philistines may be against him. Therefore Saul said to David, You shall this day be my son-in-law a second time.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Samuel 18:26 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיַּגִּ֨דוּ עֲבָדָ֤יו לְדָוִד֙ אֶת הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֔לֶּה וַיִּשַׁ֤ר הַדָּבָר֙ בְּעֵינֵ֣י דָוִ֔ד לְהִתְחַתֵּ֖ן בַּמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְלֹ֥א מָלְא֖וּ הַיָּמִֽים

When his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king's son-in-law. The days were not expired;

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Samuel 18:26 Septuagint · lemma form
And the servants of Saul report these words to David, and David was well pleased to become the son-in-law to the king.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וְחַוִיאוּ עַבְדוֹהִי לְדָוִד יַת פִּתְגָמַיָא הָאִלֵין וּכְשַׁר פִּתְגָמָא בְּעֵינֵי דָוִד לְאִתְחַתָּנָא בְּמַלְכָּא וְלָא שְׁלִימוּ יוֹמַיָא:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 1 Samuel 18:26 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

1Sa 18:26 And when his servants told David these words, it pleased David well to be the king’s son in law: and the days were not expired.

Ver. 26. It pleased David well.] Saul’s envy serveth but to enhance David’s zeal, and valour, and glory. Difficulty doth but whet on heroic spirits. When Alexander understood of any desperate adventure, he would rejoice and say, Iam periculum par animo Alexandri. Oh, this is brave! Conditionem implevit David, idque mature et ample.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Joseph Benson's Commentary

1Sa 18:26-27. The days were not expired — That is, the time allowed by Saul to David for the execution of this exploit. Two hundred — He doubled the number required; to oblige Saul the more to the performance of his promise, and to show his great respect and affection to Saul’s daughter.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

Because he thought himself able to compass the King’s request.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

the days were not expired--The period within which this exploit was to be achieved was not exhausted.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(26) It pleased David well.—The king’s design succeeded well, and the prospect of the alliance with Saul spurred on this brave soldier to more daring achievements, and yet wilder feats of arms. The savage, half-barbarous state of the age, however, comes prominently into view when we reflect upon the ferocious cruelty of such an offer being made and accepted, and carried out with even more than the required number of victims.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

26. the days were not expired] Apparently referring to some time which had been fixed for David to accept or decline the king’s offer. The Sept. (B) omits the words.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And Saul saw and knew that the Lord was with David,.... This he perceived by the favour he gave him among men, by overruling all the steps Saul took to do him hurt, for his good, and in giving him success in all that he engaged in; the Targum is,"that the Word of the Lord was for the help of David:"

and that Michal, Saul's daughter, loved him; and therefore could entertain no hope of making use of her as an instrument of his ruin, but, on the contrary, would, out of her great affection to her husband, betray the designs of her father against him, and do all she could to preserve him.

Next: 1 Samuel Chapter 19

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The days were not expired - David was so rapid in his attack upon the Philistines that he was able to bring the required dowry within the time, and to receive his wife (Michal), before the time had expired within which he was to receive Merab.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

It pleased David; as for other reasons, so especially because this opened the door to the kingdom which God had promised him. The days, i.e. the time allowed by Saul to David for the execution of this exploit.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

26. The days were not expired — The days required by custom or designated by the king (1Sa_18:21) for the consummation of the marriage.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

Vers. 26, 27. It pleased David well to he the king"s son-in-law. Besides the great honour, David, not suspecting any malicious purpose on Saul"s part, may have hoped that this relationship would put an end to the miserable state of things which existed between him and Saul. He harboured no treasonable purposes, and would have gladly served Saul faithfully if he had been permitted. The nature also of the dowry fell in with his adventurous and war-loving disposition. The days were not expired. Wherefore, etc. A difficulty arises here from the wrong division of the verses, and from our translators having rendered the clauses as if they were independent of each other. The Hebrew is, "And the days were not full, and David arose, etc. The dowry was to be given within a fixed time, and before it had expired David, who had been forming his plans, set out with his men and made an incursion into the Philistine territory, whence he brought back to the king twice as many foreskins as had been stipulated; and thereupon Michal became David"s wife.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

The days - That is, the time allowed by Saul to David for the execution of this exploit.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

Time had not yet expired. He did not wait until the time expired which he had set for him to bring the one hundred foreskins.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Samuel, in the Historical, opens this verse with 15 words (13 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is yâshar (“to be right”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. What does “to be right” (yâshar) contribute to the verse as a whole?
  2. How does Numbers 23:27, which shares the word «to be right», read alongside this verse?
  3. What does the repetition of “David” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
  4. These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
  5. «וַיַּגִּ֨דוּ» is a Hiphil Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  6. Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Joseph Benson's Commentary read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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