Luke 21:10

Greek (Tischendorf 8th ed.)

English Translation

Then he said to them, "Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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ἐγερθήσεται

egeírō

G1453

“to raise”

Verb, Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd person, Singular

Appears 143× in the Greek New Testament
First appears at Matthew 1:24

Full Thayer's Definition

Origin: probably akin to the base of G58 (through the idea of collecting one's faculties)

TDNT: 07:33,2

1. to arouse, cause to rise a. to arouse from sleep, to awake b. to arouse from the sleep of death, to recall the dead to life c. to cause to rise from a seat or bed etc. d. to raise up, produce, cause to appear 1. to cause to appear, bring before the public 2. to raise up, stir up, against one 3. to raise up i.e. cause to be born 4. of buildings, to raise up, construct, erect

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

11: words
8: distinct lemmas
Gospels: section

Repetition

Words recur within this verse:

ἔθνος nation G1484 ×2
ἐπ’ upon G1909 ×2
βασιλεία kingdom G932 ×2

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Luke 21:10 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Mark 13:8 For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places. There will be famines and troubles. These things are the beginning of birth pains.
Acts 2:19–20 I will show wonders in the sky above, And signs on the earth beneath; Blood, and fire, and billows of smoke.
2 Chronicles 15:5–6 In those times there was no peace to him who went out, nor to him who came in; but great vexations were on all the inhabitants of the lands.
Zechariah 14:2–3 For I will gather all nations against Jerusalem to battle; and the city will be taken, the houses rifled, and the women ravished. half of the city will go out into captivity, and the rest of the people will not be cut off from the city.
Zechariah 14:13 It will happen in that day, that a great panic from Yahweh will be among them; and they will lay hold everyone on the hand of his neighbor, and his hand will rise up against the hand of his neighbor.
Hebrews 12:27 This phrase, "Yet once more," signifies the removing of those things that are shaken, as of things that have been made, that those things which are not shaken may remain.
Isaiah 19:2 I will stir up the Egyptians against the Egyptians: and they shall fight everyone against his brother, and everyone against his neighbor; city against city, [and] kingdom against kingdom.
Haggai 2:21–22 "Speak to Zerubbabel, governor of Judah, saying, 'I will shake the heavens and the earth.

Acts 11:28 One of them named Agabus stood up, and indicated by the Spirit that there should be a great famine all over the world, which also happened in the days of Claudius.
Revelation 6:2–12 And behold, a white horse, and he who sat on it had a bow. A crown was given to him, and he came forth conquering, and to conquer.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Commentary

Notes on Luke 21:10 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Bengel's Gnomon

Johann Albrecht Bengel

Luk 21:10. Τότε ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς, then said He to them) It is indicated by the introduction of this formula, that a short pause intervened before He spake. So in Luk 21:29.

Bengel's Gnomon of the New Testament — English translation (T&T Clark, Edinburgh, 1860) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Expositor's Greek Testament

ed. W. Robertson Nicoll

Luk 21:10 . τότε ἔλεγεν points to a new beginning in discourse, which has the effect of dissociating the repeated mention of political disturbances from what goes before, and connecting it with apostolic tribulations referred to in the sequel. In Mt. and Mk. the verse corresponding is simply an expansion of the previous thought.

The Expositor's Greek Testament, edited by W. Robertson Nicoll (1897–1910) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

Nation, &c.--Matthew and Mark (Mat 24:8; Mar 13:8) add, "All these are the beginning of sorrows," or travail pangs, to which heavy calamities are compared (Jer 4:31, &c.).

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

John Gill's Exposition

Then said he unto them, nation shall rise,.... See Gill on Mat 24:7.

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Luke 21:11

luk 21:11

luk 21:11

luk 21:11And great earthquakes shall be in divers places, and famines and pestilences,.... See Gill on Mat 24:7.

and fearful sights; or "terrible things"; whether heard, or seen, as dreadful thunderings, and lightnings; and a voice heard in the temple, saying, let us go hence; and an idiot that went about several years together, saying, woe to the people, woe to the city, &c. a flame was seen in the temple, and the doors of it opened of themselves:

and great signs shall there be from heaven; as comets and blazing stars, a flaming sword, or a comet like one, hanging over Jerusalem, and armies in the air engaged against each other (b). The Syriac version adds, "and great winters there shall be"; that is, very long and cold; and so the Persic version, "and winter, and cold, shall be protracted".

(b) Vid. Joseph. de Bello Jud, l. 6. c. 5.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

Then he said to them

"Then Jesus said to his disciples." Since this is a continuation of Jesus speaking from the previous verse, some languages may prefer not to say "Then he said to them."

Nation will rise against nation

Here "nation" is a metonym for the people of the nation, and "rise against" is a metonym for attack. The word "nation" represents nations in general, not one particular nation. AT: "The people of one nation will attack the people of other nations" or "The people of some nations will attack the people of other nations" (See: Metonymy and Generic Noun Phrases)

Nation

This refers to ethnic groups of people rather than to countries.

kingdom against kingdom

The words "will rise" are understood from the previous phrase and mean attack. AT: "kingdom will rise against kingdom" or "the people of some kingdoms will attack the people of other kingdoms" (See: Ellipsis and Metonymy and Generic Noun Phrases)

in various places famines and plagues

The words "there will be" are understood from the previous phrase. AT: "there will be famines and plagues in many places" or "there will be times of hunger and diseases in different places" (See: Ellipsis)

terrifying events

"events that terrify people" or "events that cause people to be very afraid"

translationWords

nation

kingdom

famine

plague

sign

heaven

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Alford’s Greek Testament

Henry Alford

10.] τότε ἔλ. αὐτ. perhaps implies a break in the discourse which the other reports do not notice.

Henry Alford, The Greek Testament (1849–1861) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

International Critical Commentary

10. Τότε ἔλεγεν αὐτοῖς A new introduction to mark a solemn utterance, The τότε with ἔλεγεν is unusual; but that does not make the combination of τότε with ἐγερθήσεται (Beza, Casaubon, Hahn) probable,

D, Syr-Cur. Syr-Sin. a d e ff2 i l r omit the words.

ἐγερθήσεται ἔθνος ἐπʼ ἔθνας. Only here and in the parallel use of ἐγείρεσθαι ἐπί τινα found in N.T. Comp, ἐπεγερθή σονται Αἰγύπτιοι ἐπʼ Αἰγυπτίους … [ἐπεγερθήσεται] πόλις ἐπὶ πόλιν καὶ νομὸς ἐπὶ νομόν (Isa 19:2).

International Critical Commentary — older volumes (1896–1929), various authors — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Luke, in the Gospels, opens this verse with 11 words (8 distinct Greek lemmas). Its most distinctive word is egeírō (“to raise”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “to raise” (egeírō) shape what this verse is saying?
How does Mark 13:8, which shares this passage’s theme, read alongside this verse?
What does the repetition of “nation” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
Compare how Bengel's Gnomon and Expositor's Greek Testament read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

These translations choose different wording for 2 words in this verse.
“nation” occurs 2× in this single verse.
8 distinct Greek lemmas span 11 words in this verse.