Judges 20:4

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Judges 20:4 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Judges 20:4 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/judges/20/4.

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English Translation
The Levite, the husband of the woman who was murdered, answered, I came into Gibeah that belongs to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    The Levite, the husband of the woman who was murdered, answered, I came into Gibeah that belongs to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was slain, answered and said, I came into Gibeah that belongeth to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    So the man, the Levite, the husband of the murdered woman, answered and said, “To Gibeah that to Benjamin I came, I and my concubine, to lodge.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    The Levite, the husband of the woman who was murdered, answered, I came into Gibeah that belongs to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    So the Levite, the husband of the murdered woman, answered: “I and my concubine came to Gibeah in Benjamin to spend the night.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    So the Levite, the husband of the murdered woman, answered: “I and my concubine came to Gibeah in Benjamin to spend the night.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was slain, answered and said, I came into Gibeah that belongeth to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was murdered, answered and said, I came into Gibeah that belongeth to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was murdered, answered and said, I came into Gibeah that belongeth to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And the same Leuite, the womans husband that was slaine, answered and saide, I came vnto Gibeah that is in Beniamin with my concubine to lodge,
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    Answered: I came into Gabaa of Benjamin with my wife, and there I lodged:
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    And the man, the Levite, husband of the woman who hath been murdered, answereth and saith, `Into Gibeah (which `is' to Benjamin) I have come, I and my concubine, to lodge;
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    And the man, the Levite, husband of the woman who has been murdered, answers and says, “My concubine and I went into Gibeah, which [is] of Benjamin, to lodge;
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    The Levite, the husband of the woman who had been murdered, answered, “I came to Gibeah in the territory that belongs to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to spend the night.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    So the man, the Levite, the husband of the murdered woman, answered and said, “To Gibeah that to Benjamin I came, I and my concubine, to lodge.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And the Levite, the husband of the woman who was murdered, answered and said, "I came to Gib'e-ah that belongs to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to spend the night.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    The Levite, the husband of the woman who was murdered, answered, “I came into Gibeah that belongs to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to spend the night.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was slain, answered and said, I came into Gibeah that belongeth to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    The Levite, the husband of the woman who had been murdered, explained, “I and my concubine came to spend the night at the town of Gibeah in the territory of Benjamin.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    Then the Levite, the husband of the dead woman, said in answer, I came to Gibeah in the land of Benjamin, I and my servant-wife, for the purpose of stopping there for the night.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was murdered, answered and said: 'I came into Gibeah that belongeth to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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וּפִֽילַגְשִׁ֖י
pîylegesh
H6370
“and · concubine · my”
Conjunction + Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 1st Person, Common, Singular
Part of Speech
Conjunction + Noun
Type
Common
Gender
Feminine
Number
Singular
State
Construct
Full BDB Definition

Origin: of uncertain derivation

TWOT: 1770

concubine, paramour - concubine - paramour
  1. וַיַּ֜עַן ʻânâh H6030 “and · to answer” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  2. הָאִ֣ישׁ ʼîysh H376 “the · man” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  3. הַלֵּוִ֗י Lêvîyîy H3881 “the · Levite” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  4. אִ֛ישׁ ʼîysh H376 “man of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  5. הָאִשָּׁ֥ה ʼishshâh H802 “the · woman” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  6. הַנִּרְצָחָ֖ה râtsach H7523 “the · murdering” Particle, Definite Article + Verb, Niphal, Participle Active, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  7. וַיֹּאמַ֑ר ʼâmar H559 “and · to say” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  8. הַגִּבְעָ֨תָה֙ Gibʻâh H1390 “the · Gibeah · toward” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Proper + Suffix, Demonstrative
  9. אֲשֶׁ֣ר ʼăsher H834 “which” Particle, Relative
  10. לְבִנְיָמִ֔ן Binyâmîyn H1144 “to/for · Benjamin” Preposition + Noun, Proper
  11. בָּ֛אתִי bôwʼ H935 “to enter” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 1st Person, Common, Singular
  12. אֲנִ֥י ʼănîy H589 “I” Pronoun, Personal, 1st Person, Common, Singular
  13. לָלֽוּן lûwn H3885 “to lodge” Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

14
words
13
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וּפִֽילַגְשִׁ֖י concubine H6370 occurs in 35 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 5 verbs
  • 7 nouns
  • 1 pronoun
  • 1 particle

Verb forms

  • וַיַּ֜עַן Qal · Sequential Imperfect
  • הַנִּרְצָחָ֖ה Niphal · Participle Active
  • וַיֹּאמַ֑ר Qal · Sequential Imperfect
  • בָּ֛אתִי Qal · Perfect
  • לָלֽוּן Qal · Infinitive Construct

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • הָאִ֣ישׁ man H376 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 25 words from the Hebrew and 25 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 14 Hebrew tokens and 26 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

1

Topical passages linked to Judges 20:4 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Judges 19:15–28 They turned aside there, to go in to lodge in Gibeah: and he went in, and sat him down in the street of the city; for there was no man who took them into his house to lodge.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Judges 20:4 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיַּ֜עַן הָאִ֣ישׁ הַלֵּוִ֗י אִ֛ישׁ הָאִשָּׁ֥ה הַנִּרְצָחָ֖ה וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הַגִּבְעָ֨תָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְבִנְיָמִ֔ן בָּ֛אתִי אֲנִ֥י וּפִֽילַגְשִׁ֖י לָלֽוּן

The Levite, the husband of the woman who was murdered, answered, I came into Gibeah that belongs to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Judges 20:4 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ἀποκρίνω ὁ ἀνήρ ὁ λευίτης ὁ ἀνήρ ὁ γυνή ὁ φονεύω καί εἶπον εἰς γαβαα ὁ βενιαμίν ἔρχομαι ἐγώ καί ὁ παλλακή ἐγώ ὁ αὐλίζω

And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was slain, answered and said, I and my concubine went to Gabaa of Benjamin to lodge.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וַאֲתֵיב גַבְרָא לֵוָאָה בַּעֲלָא דְאִתְּתָא קְטִלְתָּא וַאֲמַר לְגִבְעָתָא דִי לְשִׁבְטָא בִנְיָמִין עָלִית אֲנָא וּלְחֵינָתִי לִמְבָת:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Judges 20:4 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Jdg 20:4 And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was slain, answered and said, I came into Gibeah that [belongeth] to Benjamin, I and my concubine, to lodge.

Ver. 4. The husband of the woman.] She was not then his harlot, but a secondary wife, as is before noted.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

the Levite, the husband of the woman that was slain, answered and said--The injured husband gave a brief and unvarnished recital of the tragic outrage, from which it appears that force was used, which he could not resist. His testimony was doubtless corroborated by those of his servant and the old Ephraimite. There was no need of strong or highly colored description to work upon the feelings of the audience. The facts spoke for themselves and produced one common sentiment of detestation and vengeance.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

John Gill's Exposition

And the Levite, the husband of the woman that was slain, answered, and said,.... He rose up, and, in answer to their request, declared the whole affair as follows: and none so proper as he, who was upon the spot when it was done, and so near a relation of the deceased, and had a right to demand justice to be done; for from hence it appears that she was his lawful wife, though called a concubine:

I came into Gibeah, that belongeth to Benjamin; which he so particularly describes, to distinguish it from another of the same name in the tribe of Judah, lest any mistake should be made, and an innocent people should suffer in their reputation, or otherwise; and which also would account for the tribe of Benjamin not being present at this convention:

I and my concubine, to lodge; thither they came, not with an intention to stay, to sojourn there, and much less to do them any injury, or to infringe any of their rights and privileges; nor in the least to be burdensome to them, having brought all necessary provisions with them for themselves, servants, and cattle, only to get a night's lodging with them.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

The Levite; to whose relation the other two gave them consent.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Judges, in the Historical, opens this verse with 14 words (13 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is pîylegesh (“concubine”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. What does “concubine” (pîylegesh) contribute to the verse as a whole?
  2. Genesis 22:24 shares the word «concubine» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  3. “man” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
  4. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  5. The verb «וַיַּ֜עַן» is Qal Sequential Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
  6. Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Jamieson, Fausset & Brown read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

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Old Testament edition

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English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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