Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, to Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it:
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The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.
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Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, to Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it:
And Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, unto Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it:
And Joshua and all of Israel with him passed over from Libnah to Lachish, and he camped against it and fought with it.
unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).
Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.
Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, to Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it:
And Joshua and all Israel with him moved on from Libnah to Lachish. They laid siege to it and fought against it.
And Joshua and all Israel with him moved on from Libnah to Lachish. They laid siege to it and fought against it.
And Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, unto Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it:
And Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, unto Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it:
And Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, unto Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it:
And Ioshua departed from Libnah, and all Israel with him vnto Lachish, and besieged it, and assaulted it.
From Lebna he passed unto Lachis, with all Israel: and investing it with his army, besieged it.
And Joshua passeth over, and all Israel with him, from Libnah to Lachish, and encampeth against it, and fighteth against it;
And Joshua passes over, and all Israel with him, from Libnah to Lachish, and encamps against it, and fights against it.
Then Joshua and all Israel with him passed on from Libnah to Lachish. He camped by it and waged war against it.
And Joshua and all of Israel with him passed over from Libnah to Lachish, and he camped against it and fought with it.
And Joshua passed, and all Israel with him, from Libnah to Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it.
Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, to Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it.
And Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, to Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it:
Then Joshua and the Israelite army moved on from Libnah to Lachish, surrounding the town and attacking it.
Then Joshua and all Israel with him went on from Libnah to Lachish, and took up their position against it and made an attack on it,
And Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, unto Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it.
Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).
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These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →
Notable vocabulary
The rarest word here is מִלִּבְנָ֖ה Libnah H3841 — appearing just 18 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.
Shared distinctive vocabulary
מִלִּבְנָ֖ה Libnah H3841 occurs in 17 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:
Grammatical profile
Verb forms
Hebrew & Septuagint length
In English translation the verse runs 19 words from the Hebrew and 20 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.
A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.
Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.
In the original languages it is 11 Hebrew tokens and 19 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.
Topical passages linked to Joshua 10:31 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.
Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).
The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.
These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.
וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר יְ֠הוֹשֻׁעַ וְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵ֥ל עִמּ֛וֹ מִלִּבְנָ֖ה לָכִ֑ישָׁה וַיִּ֣חַן עָלֶ֔יהָ וַיִּלָּ֖חֶם בָּֽהּ
Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, to Lachish, and encamped against it, and fought against it:
World English Bible · Public Domain
καί ἀποἔρχομαι ἰησοῦς καί πᾶς ἰσραήλ μετά αὐτός ἐκ λεβνα εἰς λαχις καί περι καταἵζω αὐτός καί πολιορκέω αὐτός
And Joshua and all Israel with him departed from Lebna to Lachis, and he encamped about it, and besieged it.
LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain
Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →
The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.
וַעֲבַר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵל עִמֵיהּ מִלִבְנָה לְלָכִישׁ וּשְׁרָא עֲלָהּ וְאַגִיחַ קְרָבָא בָּהּ:
(no public-domain English translation for this verse)
Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.
Joshua, in the Historical, opens this verse with 11 words (10 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Libnâh (“Libnah”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.
Commentary
Notes on Joshua 10:31 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.
Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →
Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Tyndale Open Study Notes
Tyndale Open Resources
Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
John Gill's Exposition
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Whedon's Commentary on the Bible
Daniel D. Whedon
Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Pulpit Commentary
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
unfoldingWord translationNotes
Door43 World Missions Community
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.