Joshua 10:30

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

and Yahweh delivered it also, and the king of it, into the hand of Israel; and he struck it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls who were therein; he left none remaining in it; and he did to the king of it as he had done to the king of Jericho.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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שָׂרִ֑יד

sârîyd

H8300

“survivor”

Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute

Appears 29× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Numbers 21:35

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H8277

TWOT: 2285a

survivor, remnant, that which is left - survivor

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

26: words
18: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

שָׂרִ֑יד survivor H8300 occurs in 28 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

5 verbs
12 nouns
2 prepositions
7 particles

Verb forms

וַיִּתֵּן֩ Qal · Sequential Imperfect
וַיַּכֶּ֣הָ Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect
הִשְׁאִ֥יר Hiphil · Perfect
וַיַּ֣עַשׂ Qal · Sequential Imperfect
עָשָׂ֖ה Qal · Perfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

מַלְכָּהּ֒ king H4428 ×3
וַיַּ֣עַשׂ to do H6213 ×2
אֲשֶׁר which H834 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 55 words from the Hebrew and 59 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 26 Hebrew tokens and 46 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Joshua 10:30 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיִּתֵּן֩ יְהוָ֨ה גַּם אוֹתָ֜הּ בְּיַ֣ד יִשְׂרָאֵ֘ל וְאֶת מַלְכָּהּ֒ וַיַּכֶּ֣הָ לְפִי חֶ֗רֶב וְאֶת כָּל הַנֶּ֨פֶשׁ֙ אֲשֶׁר בָּ֔הּ לֹֽא הִשְׁאִ֥יר בָּ֖הּ שָׂרִ֑יד וַיַּ֣עַשׂ לְמַלְכָּ֔הּ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה לְמֶ֥לֶךְ יְרִיחֽוֹ

and Yahweh delivered it also, and the king of it, into the hand of Israel; and he struck it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls who were therein; he left none remaining in it; and he did to the king of it as he had done to the king of Jericho.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Joshua 10:30 Septuagint · lemma form

καί παραδίδωμι αὐτός κύριος εἰς χείρ ἰσραήλ καί λαμβάνω αὐτός καί ὁ βασιλεύς αὐτός καί φονεύω αὐτός ἐν στόμα ξίφος καί πᾶς ἐμπνέος ἐν αὐτός καί οὐ καταλείπω ἐν αὐτός οὐδέ εἷς διασώζω καί διαφεύγω καί ποιέω ὁ βασιλεύς αὐτός ὅς τρόπος ποιέω ὁ βασιλεύς ιεριχω

And the Lord delivered it into the hands of Israel: and they took it, and its king, and killed the inhabitants with the edge of the sword, and every thing breathing in it; and there was not left in it any that survived and escaped; and they did to its king, as they did to the king of Jericho.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וּמְסַר יְיָ אַף יָתָהּ בִּידָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְיַת מַלְכָּהּ וּמְחָהּ לְפִּתְגָם דְחָרֶב וְיַת כָּל נַפְשָׁתָא דִי בָּהּ לָא אַשְׁאַר בָּהּ מְשֵׁזִיב וַעֲבַד לְמַלְכָּא כְּמָא דַעֲבַד לְמַלְכָּהּ דִירִיחוֹ:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Joshua 10:30 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Jos 10:30 And the LORD delivered it also, and the king thereof, into the hand of Israel; and he smote it with the edge of the sword, and all the souls that [were] therein; he let none remain in it; but did unto the king thereof as he did unto the king of Jericho.

Ver. 30. But did unto the king thereof.] See Jos 10:28.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

Or, persons.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

John Gill's Exposition

And Joshua passed from Libnah, and all Israel with him, unto Lachish,.... Which, according to Bunting (d), was eight miles from Libnah, and twenty miles from Jerusalem to the southwest of this city; see Jos 10:5,

and encamped against it, and fought against it; for it seems this city stood out, and would not surrender at once, which obliged Joshua to encamp about it, and besiege it.

(d) Travels of the Patriarchs, &c. p. 96.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Lebna, not far from Eleutheropolis. From before this city Sennacherib dispatched his menacing order to Ezechias, 4 Kings xix. 8. (Calmet)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

All the souls, i.e. the human souls; for all the cattle they had for a prey.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Joshua, in the Historical, opens this verse with 26 words (18 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is sârîyd (“survivor”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word sârîyd carries the sense “survivor.” How does it shape the verse?
Numbers 21:35 shares the word «survivor» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
“king” occurs 3× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
The verb «וַיִּתֵּן֩» is Qal Sequential Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Geneva Bible (1599) read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

This verse counts 26 Hebrew ↔ 46 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 25 words in this verse.
“king” occurs 3× in this single verse.
18 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 26 words in this verse.