2 Chronicles 11:9

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

and Adoraim, and Lachish, and Azekah,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

1 hapax legomenon — only here in the Hebrew Bible
1 first appearance in the Hebrew Bible

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אֲדוֹרַ֥יִם

ʼĂdôwrayim

H115

“Adoraim”

Noun, Proper

Appears 1× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears here

Full BDB Definition

Origin: dual from H142 (in the sense of eminence)

TWOT: None

Adoraim = "double glory" - city in Judah fortified by Rehoboam about 5 miles or 8 kilometers SW of Hebron

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

6: words
4: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

1 hapax legomenon — a word that appears only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:

אֲדוֹרַ֥יִם Adoraim H115

First appearance in Scripture

This word makes its first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

אֲדוֹרַ֥יִם Adoraim H115

Shared distinctive vocabulary

עֲזֵקָֽה Azekah H5825 occurs in 7 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

3 nouns
3 particles

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 6 words from the Hebrew and 6 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 6 Hebrew tokens and 9 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 2 Chronicles 11:9 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Joshua 10:5 Therefore the five kings of the Amorites, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon, gathered themselves together, and went up, they and all their hosts, and encamped against Gibeon, and made war against it.
Joshua 10:11 It happened, as they fled from before Israel, while they were at the descent of Beth Horon, that Yahweh cast down great stones from the sky on them to Azekah, and they died: they were more who died with the hailstones than they whom the children of Israel killed with the sword.
Joshua 15:35 Jarmuth, and Adullam, Socoh, and Azekah,
Joshua 15:39 Lachish, and Bozkath, and Eglon,
2 Chronicles 32:9 After this did Sennacherib king of Assyria send his servants to Jerusalem, (now he was before Lachish, and all his power with him), to Hezekiah king of Judah, and to all Judah who were at Jerusalem, saying,

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 2 Chronicles 11:9 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְאֶת אֲדוֹרַ֥יִם וְאֶת לָכִ֖ישׁ וְאֶת עֲזֵקָֽה

and Adoraim, and Lachish, and Azekah,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 2 Chronicles 11:9 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ὁ αδωραιμ καί ὁ λαχις καί ὁ αζηκα

and Adorai, and Lachis, and Azeca,

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 2 Chronicles 11:9 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Tyndale Open Study Notes

Tyndale Open Resources

11:9 Lachish formed the pivotal southwestern corner of Rehoboam’s fortifications, guarding the road to the coastal highway to the west, a primary route that Egypt could use to attack from the south.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(9) Adoraim.—Dûra; a village about seven and a-half miles south west of Hebron. Called Αδωρα 1Ma_13:20, and often mentioned by Josephus in connection with Marissa (Mareshah). The name is not found elsewhere in the Old Testament.

Lachish.—Um Lakis; a ruined city on a round hill, seven hours west of Beit-jibrîn, on the road from Hebron to Gaza (Jos_10:3; Jos_15:39).

Azekah.—Uncertain; near Socoh (1Sa_17:1; Jos_10:10; Jos_15:35).

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

9. Adoraim] The modern Dora west of Hebron. Bädeker, p. 152.

Azekah] in the Shephelah, mentioned along with Socoh in Jos_15:35.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And he fortified the strong holds,.... Of these and other cities:

and put captains in them; garrisons of soldiers, with captains over them to defend them:

and store of victual, and of oil and wine; that they might be able to hold out a siege, should they be attacked.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The site of Adoraim is uncertain. For Lachish, see Jos 10:3; Azekah, Jos 10:10; Zorah, Jos 15:33; Aijalon, Jos 10:12; Hebron, Jos 14:15. No one of the cities was really within the limits of the tribe of Benjamin. The writer uses the phrase “Judah and Benjamin” merely as the common designation of the southern kingdom (compare 2Ch 11:12 and 2Ch 11:23).

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

9. Adoraim — Not mentioned elsewhere in Scripture, but several times in Josephus, and once in the Apocrypha. 1Ma_13:20. Robinson considered its site identical with the modern Dura, some five miles southwest of Hebron.

Lachish — See on Jos_10:3.

Azekah — Jos_15:35. Its site is unknown.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

Adoraim. This name is not found anywhere else. The meaning of the word is "two heaps," and very probably describes the physical features of the site. It is probably the modern Dura. Its site is otherwise unknown. Lachish; (see Jos_15:39; also 10:3; 12:11) probably the modern Um Lakis, that lies on the road to Gaza. Other interesting references are 2Ki_14:19 2Ki_18:14-17 2Ki_19:8; Neh_11:30; Mic_1:13. Azekha (see Jos_15:35 Jos_10:10) it was in theShefelah (see also 1Sa_17:1; Neh_11:30; Jer_34:7) The site of it is not identified.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

2 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 6 words (4 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʼĂdôwrayim (“Adoraim”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “Adoraim” (ʼĂdôwrayim) shape what this verse is saying?
1 word here appears nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. Why might the author reach for such rare wording?
This is the first place “Adoraim” appears in Scripture (first appears here). What does its debut here establish?
How does Joshua 10:10, which shares the word «Azekah», read alongside this verse?
Compare how Tyndale Open Study Notes and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible.
1 word makes its first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
This verse counts 6 Hebrew ↔ 9 Greek words.
4 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 6 words in this verse.