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Joshua 10:37

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Joshua 10:37 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Joshua 10:37 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/joshua/10/37.

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English Translation
and they took it, and struck it with the edge of the sword, and the king of it, and all the cities of it, and all the souls who were therein; he left none remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but he utterly destroyed it, and all the souls who were therein.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    and they took it, and struck it with the edge of the sword, and the king of it, and all the cities of it, and all the souls who were therein; he left none remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but he utterly destroyed it, and all the souls who were therein.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And they took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof, and all the souls that were therein; he left none remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but destroyed it utterly, and all the souls that were therein.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And they captured it and struck it and its king and all of its cities and every soul that in it to the mouth of the sword. He did not leave a survivor, according to all that he had done to Eglon. And he devoted it and every soul that in it.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    and they took it, and struck it with the edge of the sword, and the king of it, and all the cities of it, and all the souls who were therein; he left none remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but he utterly destroyed it, and all the souls who were therein.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    They captured it and put to the sword its king, all its villages, and all the people. Joshua left no survivors, just as he had done at Eglon; he devoted to destruction Hebron and everyone in it.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    They captured it and put to the sword its king, all its villages, and all the people. Joshua left no survivors, just as he had done at Eglon; he devoted to destruction Hebron and everyone in it.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And they took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof, and all the souls that were therein; he left none remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but destroyed it utterly, and all the souls that were therein.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    and they took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof, and all the souls that were therein; he left none remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but he utterly destroyed it, and all the souls that were therein.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    and they took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof, and all the souls that were therein; he left none remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but he utterly destroyed it, and all the souls that were therein.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And when they had taken it, they smote it with the edge of the sword, and the King thereof, and all the cities thereof, and all the soules that were therein: he left none remaining, according to all as he had done to Eglon: for he destroyed it vtterly, and all the soules that were therein.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    Took it, and destroyed it with the edge of the sword: the king also thereof, and all the towns of that country, and all the souls that dwelt in it: he left not therein any remains: as he had done to Eglon, so did he also to Hebron, putting to the sword all that he found in it.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and capture it, and smite it by the mouth of the sword, and its king, and all its cities, and every person who `is' in it -- he hath not left a remnant -- according to all that he did to Eglon -- and doth devote it, and every person who `is' in it.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and capture it, and strike it by the mouth of the sword, and its king, and all its cities, and every person who [is] in it—he has not left a remnant—according to all that he did to Eglon—and devotes it, and every person who [is] in it.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    They captured it and struck it with the edge of the sword, and its king and its villages, and everyone in it. They left no survivor it, as they had done to Eglon, they totally destroyed it and every person in it.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And they captured it and struck it and its king and all of its cities and every soul that in it to the mouth of the sword. He did not leave a survivor, according to all that he had done to Eglon. And he devoted it and every soul that in it.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And they took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof, and all the souls that were therein: he let none remain, according to all that he had done to Eglon; and he utterly destroyed it, and all the souls that were therein.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    They took it, and struck it with the edge of the sword, with its king and all its cities, and all the souls who were in it. He left no one remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but he utterly destroyed it, and all the souls who were in it.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And they took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and its king, and all its cities, and all the souls that were in them; he left none remaining (according to all that he had done to Eglon) but destroyed it utterly, and all the souls that were in it.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    They captured the town, as well as the towns nearby. Joshua had all the inhabitants killed, leaving no survivors. Just as he had done in Eglon, he set it apart and completely destroyed it and everyone in it.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And took it, overcoming it and putting it and its king and its towns and every person in it to the sword: as he had done to Eglon, he put them all to death, and gave it up to the curse with every person in it.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And they took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof, and all the souls that were therein; he left none remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but he utterly destroyed it, and all the souls that were therein.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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לְעֶגְל֑וֹן
ʻEglôwn
H5700
“to/for · Eglon”
Preposition + Noun, Proper
Part of Speech
Preposition + Noun
Type
Proper
Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H5695

TWOT: None

Eglon = "calf-like" - king of Moab who oppressed the children of Israel for 18 years before he was killed by the judge Ehud (noun proper masculine) - a royal city in Canaan that opposed the conquest; located in the low lands of Judah (noun proper locative)
  1. וַיִּלְכְּד֣וּהָ lâkad H3920 “and · to capture · her” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
  2. וַיַּכּֽוּהָ nâkâh H5221 “and · to strike · her” Conjunction + Verb, Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
  3. לְפִי peh H6310 “to/for · mouth of” Preposition + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  4. חֶ֠רֶב chereb H2719 “sword” Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  5. וְאֶת ʼêth H853 “and · -” Conjunction + Particle, Direct Object
  6. מַלְכָּ֨הּ melek H4428 “king · her” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
  7. וְאֶת ʼêth H853 “and · -” Conjunction + Particle, Direct Object
  8. כָּל kôl H3605 “all of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  9. עָרֶ֜יהָ ʻîyr H5892 “cities · her” Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
  10. וְאֶת ʼêth H853 “and · -” Conjunction + Particle, Direct Object
  11. כָּל kôl H3605 “all of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  12. הַנֶּ֤פֶשׁ nephesh H5315 “the · soul” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Absolute
  13. אֲשֶׁר ʼăsher H834 “which” Particle, Relative
  15. לֹֽא lôʼ H3808 “not” Particle, Negative
  16. הִשְׁאִ֣יר shâʼar H7604 “to remain” Verb, Hiphil, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  17. שָׂרִ֔יד sârîyd H8300 “survivor” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  18. כְּכֹ֥ל kôl H3605 “like/as · all” Preposition + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  19. אֲשֶׁר ʼăsher H834 “which” Particle, Relative
  20. עָשָׂ֖ה ʻâsâh H6213 “to do” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  21. וַיַּחֲרֵ֣ם châram H2763 “and · to ban” Conjunction + Verb, Hiphil, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  22. אוֹתָ֔הּ ʼêth H853 “- · her” Particle, Direct Object + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
  23. וְאֶת ʼêth H853 “and · -” Conjunction + Particle, Direct Object
  24. כָּל kôl H3605 “all of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  25. הַנֶּ֖פֶשׁ nephesh H5315 “the · soul” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Absolute
  26. אֲשֶׁר ʼăsher H834 “which” Particle, Relative

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

28
words
16
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is לְעֶגְל֑וֹן Eglon H5700 — appearing just 13 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

לְעֶגְל֑וֹן Eglon H5700 occurs in 12 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 5 verbs
  • 12 nouns
  • 2 prepositions
  • 9 particles

Verb forms

  • וַיִּלְכְּד֣וּהָ Qal · Sequential Imperfect
  • וַיַּכּֽוּהָ Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect
  • הִשְׁאִ֣יר Hiphil · Perfect
  • עָשָׂ֖ה Qal · Perfect
  • וַיַּחֲרֵ֣ם Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • כָּל all H3605 ×4
  • הַנֶּ֤פֶשׁ soul H5315 ×2
  • אֲשֶׁר which H834 ×3

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 56 words from the Hebrew and 37 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the Septuagint runs noticeably shorter here. See the side-by-side →

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 28 Hebrew tokens and 28 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

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Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

Here the Septuagint runs noticeably shorter than the Hebrew — LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) 37 words vs World English Bible 56. A rough length comparison of the two English translations, not a word-level alignment — read both below.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Joshua 10:37 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיִּלְכְּד֣וּהָ וַיַּכּֽוּהָ לְפִי חֶ֠רֶב וְאֶת מַלְכָּ֨הּ וְאֶת כָּל עָרֶ֜יהָ וְאֶת כָּל הַנֶּ֤פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר בָּהּ֙ לֹֽא הִשְׁאִ֣יר שָׂרִ֔יד כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂ֖ה לְעֶגְל֑וֹן וַיַּחֲרֵ֣ם אוֹתָ֔הּ וְאֶת כָּל הַנֶּ֖פֶשׁ אֲשֶׁר בָּֽהּ

and they took it, and struck it with the edge of the sword, and the king of it, and all the cities of it, and all the souls who were therein; he left none remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but he utterly destroyed it, and all the souls who were therein.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Joshua 10:37 Septuagint · lemma form

καί πατάσσω αὐτός ἐν στόμα ξίφος καί πᾶς ἐμπνέος ὅσος εἰμί ἐν αὐτός οὐ εἰμί διασώζω ὅς τρόπος ποιέω ὁ οδολλαμ ἐκὀλεθρεύω αὐτός καί ὅσος εἰμί ἐν αὐτός

And he struck it with the edge of the sword, and all the living creatures that were in it; there was no one preserved: they destroyed it and all things in it, as they did to Odollam.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וְכַבְשׁוּהָא וּמְחוּהָא לְפִתְגָם דְחָרֶב וְיַת מַלְכָּהּ וְיַת כָּל קִרְוָהָא וְיַת כָּל נַפְשָׁתָא דְבָהּ לָא אַשְׁאַר מְשֵׁזִיב כְּכֹל דַעֲבַד לְעֶגְלוֹן וְגַמַר יָתָהּ וְיַת כָּל נַפְשָׁתָא דְבָהּ:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Joshua 10:37 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Jos 10:37 And they took it, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and the king thereof, and all the cities thereof, and all the souls that [were] therein; he left none remaining, according to all that he had done to Eglon; but destroyed it utterly, and all the souls that [were] therein.

Ver. 37. And the king thereof.] The new king for the old king was hanged among those five that came up against Gibeon. {Jos 10:5; Jos 10:23; Jos 10:26} He might have as short a reign as had Marius in Rome, whom one day saw an emperor, the next day he ruled, and the third day he was slain by a soldier, with the same sword which himself had made when he was a cutler.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 37. See Clarke on Jos 10:36.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

37. and the king thereof] The successor doubtless of the chief who fell at Makkedah. See above, Jos_10:23.

all the cities thereof] i.e. all the smaller towns dependent upon it; “alle the burgh touns of that region,” Wyclif.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And Joshua returned, and all Israel with him, to Debir,.... A city, according to Kimchi, which he passed by when he went to Hebron, and did not fight against it; but, when he had taken Hebron, returned and took it; and which Bunting (h) says was but a mile from it, and twenty two miles from Jerusalem, towards the south; it is the same with Kirjathsepher and Kirjathsannah, Jos 15:15; the city of a book or books; and the Rabbins say (i), that with the Persians Debir signifies the same, and had its name from a library which was here kept, or from the archives in which the most memorable things since the flood were recorded; or from the making of paper or parchment, or whatsoever was made use of for writing, and of which volumes of books were made:

and fought against it; it refusing to submit to him upon his summons.

(h) Travels of the Patriarchs, &c. p. 96. (i) T. Bab. Avodah Zarah, fol. 24. 2.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

The king thereof - No doubt the successor of the king slain at Makkedah Jos 10:23.

All the cities thereof - i. e. the smaller towns dependent upon Hebron. The expression marks Hebron as the metropolis of other subject towns.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

The king, viz., the new king, who succeeded him that was slain, ver. 26. (Challoner) --- Caleb afterwards took Hebron, which, it seems, the Chanaanites had seized again and fortified, while Josue was conquering other parts of the country. He could not leave garrisons in all the cities which he took, and hence he set many of them on fire. After the strength of the country was broken, he knew that the Israelites might easily subdue the few isolated cities which he was forced to leave behind. But they proved so negligent, that many places were left in the possession of the Chanaanites, which proved a stumbling block to God’s people.

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

The king thereof; either him mentioned before, Jos 10:23 whose death is here repeated in this account of the general destruction of all the inhabitants of that place, or his heir or successor.

All the cities thereof which were subject to its jurisdiction; this being, it seems, a royal city, as Gibeon was, Jos 10:2, and having cities under it as that had, Jos 9:17.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

All the cities - Which were subject to its jurisdiction; this being, it seems, a royal city as Gibeon was, ver. 2, and having cities under it as that had.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Joshua, in the Historical, opens this verse with 28 words (16 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʻEglôwn (“Eglon”). The Greek Septuagint runs shorter here. A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “Eglon” (ʻEglôwn) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. How does Joshua 10:3, which shares the word «Eglon», read alongside this verse?
  3. What does the repetition of “all” (4× in this one verse) do in this verse?
  4. The Septuagint runs shorter here than the Hebrew. What might account for the difference?
  5. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  6. «וַיִּלְכְּד֣וּהָ» is a Qal Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  7. Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Adam Clarke's Commentary read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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Shown beneath each verse's original-language words.

Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

Comparing translations? Open the Compare panel on any verse page to stack up to four side by side.