Ezekiel 33:3

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

if, when he sees the sword come on the land, he blow the trumpet, and warn the people;

World English Bible · Public Domain

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Word by word

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וְהִזְהִ֥יר

zâhar

H2094

“and · to teach”

Conjunction + Verb, Hiphil, Sequential Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular

Appears 23× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Exodus 18:20

Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 531 , 532

to admonish, warn, teach, shine, send out light, be light, be shining - (Niphal) to be taught, be admonished - (Hiphil) - to teach, warn - to shine, send out light (figuratively)

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

11: words
10: distinct lemmas
Prophets: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is וְהִזְהִ֥יר to teach H2094 — appearing just 23 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וְהִזְהִ֥יר to teach H2094 occurs in 19 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

4 verbs
4 nouns
1 preposition
2 particles

Verb forms

וְרָאָ֥ה Qal · Sequential Perfect
בָּאָ֣ה Qal · Participle Active
וְתָקַ֥ע Qal · Sequential Perfect
וְהִזְהִ֥יר Hiphil · Sequential Perfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 18 words from the Hebrew and 21 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 11 Hebrew tokens and 16 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Ezekiel 33:3 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Hosea 8:1 "Put the trumpet to your lips! Something like an eagle is over Yahweh's house, Because they have broken my covenant, And rebelled against my law.
Nehemiah 4:20 in whatever place you hear the sound of the trumpet, resort you there to us; our God will fight for us.
Nehemiah 4:18 and the builders, everyone had his sword girded by his side, and so built. He who sounded the trumpet was by me.
Isaiah 58:1 Cry aloud, don't spare, lift up your voice like a trumpet, and declare to my people their disobedience, and to the house of Jacob their sins.
Joel 2:1 Blow you the trumpet in Zion, And sound an alarm in my holy mountain! Let all the inhabitants of the land tremble, For the day of Yahweh comes, For it is close at hand:
Jeremiah 4:5 Declare you in Judah, and publish in Jerusalem; and say, Blow you the trumpet in the land: cry aloud and say, Assemble yourselves, and let us go into the fortified cities.
Jeremiah 6:1 Flee for safety, you children of Benjamin, out of the midst of Jerusalem, and blow the trumpet in Tekoa, and raise up a signal on Beth Haccherem; for evil looks forth from the north, and a great destruction.
Jeremiah 51:27 Set up a standard in the land, blow the trumpet among the nations, prepare the nations against her, call together against her the kingdoms of Ararat, Minni, and Ashkenaz: appoint a marshal against her; cause the horses to come up as the rough canker-worm.

Ezekiel 33:8–9 When I tell the wicked, O wicked man, you shall surely die, and you don't speak to warn the wicked from his way; that wicked man shall die in his iniquity, but his blood will I require at your hand.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Ezekiel 33:3 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְרָאָ֥ה אֶת הַחֶ֖רֶב בָּאָ֣ה עַל הָאָ֑רֶץ וְתָקַ֥ע בַּשּׁוֹפָ֖ר וְהִזְהִ֥יר אֶת הָעָֽם

if, when he sees the sword come on the land, he blow the trumpet, and warn the people;

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Ezekiel 33:3 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ὁράω ὁ ῥομφαία ἔρχομαι ἐπί ὁ γῆ καί σαλπίζω ὁ σάλπιγξ καί σημαίνω ὁ λαός

and he shall see the sword coming upon the land, and blow the trumpet, and sound an alarm to the people;

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וְיֶחֱזֵי יַת דְקַטְלִין בִּחַרְבָּא אַתְיָן עַל אַרְעָא וְיִתְקַע בְּשׁוֹפְרָא וְיַזְהַר יַת עַמָא:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Ezekiel 33:3 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Eze 33:3 If when he seeth the sword come upon the land, he blow the trumpet, and warn the people;

Ver. 3. He blow the trumpet.] Hence the ancients {a} infer that a bishop must preach, and that Praelati officium est sollicitudo non celsitudo. He taketh upon him the office of a constant preacher, saith Gregory, that undertaketh to be a minister.

{a} Clemens, Bernard.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

the sword--invaders. An appropriate illustration at the time of the invasion of Judea by Nebuchadnezzar.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

3. The trumpet was the signal of danger, Hos_8:1; Amo_3:6; Jer_6:1.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

If what he seeth the sword come upon the land,.... Or those that kill with the sword, as the Targum; as soon as he observes a body of armed men, more or less, marching towards the borders of the land with a manifest intention to enter and invade it:

he blow the trumpet, and warn the people; warn the people by blowing the trumpet, the signal agreed on; by which they would understand that an enemy was at hand, or danger near; or warn them by word of mouth, as well as by the trumpet, where he could do it, and when it was necessary.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

The sword of the enemy, or any other danger which he may foresee in any of the causes or forerunners of it.

Come, i.e. coming, approaching to the land.

Blow the trumpet; sound the alarm: the sound of the trumpet is a warning, yet to this sometimes it is necessary to add a warning by word of month, and tell the people brought together by the trumpet what he seeth.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

And he sees the army [lit. the sword.] They are the armies.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Ezekiel, in the Prophets, opens this verse with 11 words (10 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is zâhar (“to teach”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

What does “to teach” (zâhar) contribute to the verse as a whole?
Exodus 18:20 shares the word «to teach» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
The verb «וְרָאָ֥ה» is Qal Sequential Perfect. How does its form color the action?
Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Jamieson, Fausset & Brown read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

This verse counts 11 Hebrew ↔ 16 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 11 words in this verse.
10 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 11 words in this verse.