ἐπικαλύπτω
to cover over
Full lexicon entry — Thayer's Greek Lexicon
From Thayer's Greek Lexicon
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Tense
- Aorist
- Action viewed as a simple whole, without regard to duration — often past (perfective aspect).
Voice
- Passive
- The subject receives the action.
Mood
- Indicative
- States a fact or asks a factual question (the mood of reality).
Person
- 3rd person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
Number
- Plural
- More than one.
Every verse where G1943 appears — 1 distinct verse across 1 book. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Greek form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Greek New Testament; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences of this word are not indexed here.
Romans 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
επικαλυπτω (epikalýptō) is a Greek verb most often rendered “to cover over.” With only 1 verse it sits in the long tail of Greek New Testament vocabulary. Romans dominates its distribution — 1 of 1 verses. Scripture uses it exactly once, at Romans 4:7. Sharing its root, it stands alongside επι, επαγγελλω and επαγω. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's G1943 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 1
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 1 distinct verse.
- 1 / 27
- NT books
- The word appears in 1 of 27 New Testament books.
- #3,503
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Greek words (rank 3,503 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).
View all 1 occurrence in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Romans 1 verse 100%
By section of the New Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 1 distinct verse.
- Pauline corpus 1 verse · 100%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Are covered 1×
- American Standard Version: Are covered 1×
- Berean Standard Bible: Are covered 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Have been covered 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders G1943 across 1 tagged occurrence — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders G1943 across 1 tagged occurrence — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders G1943 across 1 tagged occurrence — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders G1943 across 1 tagged occurrence — most commonly:
Senses in Thayer's
The 1 sense Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- to cover over
Word origin
Derived from επι (epí) (G1909) — upon.
Same root — word family
Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G1943, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
- επαγγελλω epangéllō G1861 to announce
- επαγω epágō G1863 to bring upon
- επαγωνιζομαι epagōnízomai G1864 to contend
- επαθροιζω epathroízō G1865 to gather together
- επαινεω epainéō G1867 to approve
- επαινος épainos G1868 approval
- επαιρω epaírō G1869 to lift up
- επαισχυνομαι epaischýnomai G1870 to be ashamed
- επαιτεω epaitéō G1871 to ask repeatedly
- επακουω epakoúō G1873 to give ear to
- επακροαομαι epakroáomai G1874 to listen to
- επαν epán G1875 after
- επαναγκες epánankes G1876 necessarily
- επαναγω epanágō G1877 to lead back
- επαναμιμνησκω epanamimnḗskō G1878 to remind
- επαναπαυομαι epanapaúomai G1879 to rest upon
- επανερχομαι epanérchomai G1880 to return
- επανισταμαι epanístamai G1881 to raise up against
- επανορθωσις epanórthōsis G1882 correction
- επανω epánō G1883 above
- επαρκεω eparkéō G1884 to avail
- επαρχια eparchía G1885 office of governor
- επαυλις épaulis G1886 farm
- επαυριον epaúrion G1887 the next day
+110 more words share this root (not shown).
Derived from this word
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 138 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint usage
The same Greek word επικαλυπτω appears 17 times in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), across 16 verses in 10 books.
- 17
- LXX occurrences
- Tagged occurrences of this Greek word in the Septuagint.
- 16
- verses
- Distinct Septuagint verses containing this word.
- 10 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 10 of the 39 Old Testament books.
Sample Septuagint occurrences
- Genesis 7:19 ἐπικαλύπτω
- Exodus 14:26 ἐπικαλύπτω
- Numbers 4:11 ἐπικαλύπτω
- 2 Samuel 15:30 ἐπικαλύπτω
- 1 Kings 19:13 ἐπικαλύπτω
- Job 16:18 ἐπικαλύπτω
- Psalms 31:1 ἐπικαλύπτω
- Proverbs 28:13 ἐπικαλύπτω
- Jeremiah 3:25 ἐπικαλύπτω
- Ezekiel 1:11 ἐπικαλύπτω
Septuagint occurrences (same lexeme)
Every verse where the same Strong’s number (G1943) appears in the Greek Septuagint. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context; the Greek form is the matched word — the English is not keyword-highlighted.
- Genesis 7:19 ἐπικαλύπτω The waters prevailed exceedingly on the earth. All the high mountains that were under the whole sky were covered.
- Genesis 7:20 ἐπικαλύπτω The waters prevailed fifteen cubits upward, and the mountains were covered.
- Genesis 8:2 ἐπικαλύπτω The deep's fountains and the sky's windows were also stopped, and the rain from the sky was restrained.
- Exodus 14:26 ἐπικαλύπτω Yahweh said to Moses, "Stretch out your hand over the sea, that the waters may come again on the Egyptians, on their chariots, and on their horsemen."
- Numbers 4:11 ἐπικαλύπτω On the golden altar they shall spread a blue cloth, and cover it with a covering of sealskin, and shall put in its poles.
- Numbers 4:13 ἐπικαλύπτω They shall take away the ashes from the altar, and spread a purple cloth on it.
- 2 Samuel 15:30 ἐπικαλύπτω David went up by the ascent of the [Mount of] Olives, and wept as he went up; and he had his head covered, and went barefoot: and all the people who were with him covered every man his head, and they went up, weeping as they went up.
- 1 Kings 19:13 ἐπικαλύπτω It was so, when Elijah heard it, that he wrapped his face in his mantle, and went out, and stood in the entrance of the cave. Behold, there came a voice to him, and said, What are you doing here, Elijah?
- Job 16:18 ἐπικαλύπτω "Earth, don't cover my blood, Let my cry have no place to rest.
- Psalms 31:1 ἐπικαλύπτω In you, Yahweh, I take refuge. Let me never be disappointed: Deliver me in your righteousness.
- Psalms 43:20 ἐπικαλύπτω
- Proverbs 28:13 ἐπικαλύπτω He who conceals his sins doesn't prosper, But whoever confesses and renounces them finds mercy.
- Jeremiah 3:25 ἐπικαλύπτω Let us lie down in our shame, and let our confusion cover us; for we have sinned against Yahweh our God, we and our fathers, from our youth even to this day; and we have not obeyed the voice of Yahweh our God.
- Jeremiah 14:4 ἐπικαλύπτω Because of the ground which is cracked, because no rain has been in the land, the plowmen are disappointed, they cover their heads.
- Ezekiel 1:11 ἐπικαλύπτω Their faces and their wings were separate above; two [wings] of everyone were joined one to another, and two covered their bodies.
- Ezekiel 1:23 ἐπικαλύπτω Under the expanse were their wings straight, the one toward the other: everyone had two which covered on this side, and every one had two which covered on that side, their bodies.
These are occurrences of the same Greek lexeme (G1943) in the Septuagint — not a translation of any one Hebrew word. The store carries no word-level Hebrew↔Greek alignment, so no Hebrew original is asserted here. Counts come from the recovered LXX Strong's tagging — high-frequency vocabulary is well covered, while rare or late forms may be untagged — so they reflect tagged occurrences and may slightly undercount.
