Numbers 28:17

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

On the fifteenth day of this month shall be a feast: seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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Word by word

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מַצּ֖וֹת

matstsâh

H4682

“unleavened bread”

Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Absolute

Appears 53× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Genesis 19:3

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H4711 in the sense of greedily devouring for sweetness

TWOT: None

unleavened (bread, cake), without leaven.

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

10: words
9: distinct lemmas
Pentateuch: section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

מַצּ֖וֹת unleavened H4682 occurs in 42 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

1 verb
5 nouns
3 adjectives
1 pronoun

Verb forms

יֵאָכֵֽל Niphal · Imperfect

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

י֛וֹם day H3117 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 18 words from the Hebrew and 18 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 10 Hebrew tokens and 12 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Numbers 28:17 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Leviticus 23:6 On the fifteenth day of the same month is the feast of unleavened bread to Yahweh. Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread.
Exodus 23:15 You shall observe the feast of unleavened bread. Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, as I commanded you, at the time appointed in the month Abib (for in it you came out from Egypt), and no one shall appear before me empty.
Exodus 12:15–17 Seven days shall you eat unleavened bread; even the first day you shall put away yeast out of your houses, for whoever eats leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.
Exodus 13:6 Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, and in the seventh day shall be a feast to Yahweh.
Exodus 34:18 "You shall keep the feast of unleavened bread. Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread, as I commanded you, at the time appointed in the month Abib; for in the month Abib you came out from Egypt.
Deuteronomy 16:3–8 You shall eat no leavened bread with it; seven days shall you eat unleavened bread therewith, even the bread of affliction; for you came forth out of the land of Egypt in haste: that you may remember the day when you came forth out of the land of Egypt all the days of your life.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Numbers 28:17 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וּבַחֲמִשָּׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֥ר י֛וֹם לַחֹ֥דֶשׁ הַזֶּ֖ה חָ֑ג שִׁבְעַ֣ת יָמִ֔ים מַצּ֖וֹת יֵאָכֵֽל

On the fifteenth day of this month shall be a feast: seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Numbers 28:17 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ὁ πεντεκαιδέκατος ἡμέρα ὁ μήν οὗτος ἑορτή ἑπτά ἡμέρα ἄζυμος ἐσθίω

And on the fifteenth day of this month is a feast; seven days you⌃ shall eat unleavened bread.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, The Pulpit Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

וּבְחַמְשַׁת עַשְׂרָא יוֹמָא לְיַרְחָא הָדֵין חַגָא שַׁבְעָא יוֹמִין פַּטִיר יִתְאָכֵל

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

וּבַחֲמֵישַׁת עֲשַר יוֹמִין לְיַרְחָא הָדֵין חַגָא שׁוּבְעָא יוֹמִין פַּטִירֵי יִתְאָכֵל

On the fifteenth day of this month is a festival; seven days shall unleavened be eaten.

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Numbers 28:17 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Num 28:17 And in the fifteenth day of this month [is] the feast: seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten.

Ver. 17. {See Trapp on "Exo 12:18"} {See Trapp on "Lev 23:7"}

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And in the fifteenth day of this month is the feast,.... Not of the passover, that was the day before, but of unleavened bread, which began on this day, and lasted seven days, Lev 23:6 which is what the Jews call the Chagigah:

seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten; see Exo 12:15.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

The feast, to wit, of unleavened bread; of which see on Lev 23:6.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

17. The feast — Of unleavened cakes, (Lev_23:6, note,) prefiguring sincerity and truth, as the passover lamb typified Christ. 1Co_5:7-8; Joh_1:29, note.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

In the fifteenth day of this month is the feast. The fourteenth day of Abib, or Nisan, the day of the passover proper, was not a feast, but a fast ending with the sacred meal of the evening. Only the ordinary daily sacrifice was offered on this day. Unleavened bread. twOXm (mattsoth). Septuagint, azuma , unleavened cakes.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

The feast - Namely, of unleavened bread.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Numbers, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 10 words (9 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is matstsâh (“unleavened”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word matstsâh carries the sense “unleavened.” How does it shape the verse?
Genesis 19:3 shares the word «unleavened» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
“day” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
The verb «יֵאָכֵֽל» is Niphal Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and John Gill's Exposition read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

This verse counts 10 Hebrew ↔ 12 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 5 words in this verse.
“day” occurs 2× in this single verse.
9 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 10 words in this verse.