Leviticus 26:28

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

then I will walk contrary to you in wrath; and I also will chastise you seven times for your sins.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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קֶ֑רִי

qᵉrîy

H7147

“opposition”

Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute

Appears 7× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Leviticus 26:21

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H7136

TWOT: 2068b

opposition, contrariness, encounter, contrary or hostile encounter

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

11: words
11: distinct lemmas
Pentateuch: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is קֶ֑רִי opposition H7147 — appearing just 7 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

קֶ֑רִי opposition H7147 occurs in 7 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
3 nouns
1 adjective
1 pronoun
2 prepositions
2 particles

Verb forms

וְהָלַכְתִּ֥י Qal · Sequential Perfect
וְיִסַּרְתִּ֤י Piel · Sequential Perfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 20 words from the Hebrew and 20 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 11 Hebrew tokens and 17 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Leviticus 26:28 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Isaiah 59:18 According to their deeds, accordingly he will repay, wrath to his adversaries, recompense to his enemies; to the islands he will repay recompense.
Isaiah 63:3 I have trodden the winepress alone; and of the peoples there was no man with me: yes, I trod them in my anger, and trampled them in my wrath; and their lifeblood is sprinkled on my garments, and I have stained all my clothing.
Isaiah 66:15 For, behold, Yahweh will come with fire, and his chariots shall be like the whirlwind; to render his anger with fierceness, and his rebuke with flames of fire.
Jeremiah 21:5 I myself will fight against you with an outstretched hand and with a strong arm, even in anger, and in wrath, and in great indignation.
Ezekiel 5:13 Thus shall my anger be accomplished, and I will cause my wrath toward them to rest, and I shall be comforted; and they shall know that I, Yahweh, have spoken in my zeal, when I have accomplished my wrath on them.
Ezekiel 5:15 So it shall be a reproach and a taunt, an instruction and an astonishment, to the nations that are round about you, when I shall execute judgments on you in anger and in wrath, and in wrathful rebukes; (I, Yahweh, have spoken it;)
Ezekiel 8:18 Therefore will I also deal in wrath; my eye shall not spare, neither will I have pity; and though they cry in my ears with a loud voice, yet will I not hear them.
Isaiah 27:4 Wrath is not in me: would that the briers and thorns were against me in battle! I would march on them, I would burn them together.

Nahum 1:2 Yahweh is a jealous God and avenges. Yahweh avenges and is full of wrath. Yahweh takes vengeance on his adversaries, and he maintains wrath against his enemies.
Nahum 1:6 Who can stand before his indignation? Who can endure the fierceness of his anger? His wrath is poured out like fire, and the rocks are broken apart by him.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Leviticus 26:28 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וְהָלַכְתִּ֥י עִמָּכֶ֖ם בַּחֲמַת קֶ֑רִי וְיִסַּרְתִּ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ אַף אָ֔נִי שֶׁ֖בַע עַל חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם

then I will walk contrary to you in wrath; and I also will chastise you seven times for your sins.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Leviticus 26:28 Septuagint · lemma form

καί αὐτός πορεύομαι μετά σύ ἐν θυμός πλάγιος καί παιδεύω σύ ἐγώ ἑπτάκις κατά ὁ ἁμαρτία σύ

then will I walk with you with a froward mind, and I will chasten you sevenfold according to your sins.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

וְאֵהַךְ עִמְכוֹן בִּתְקוֹף רְגַז וְאִרְדֵי יָתְכוֹן אַף אֲנָא שְׁבַע עַל חוֹבֵיכוֹן

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)

וְאִידַבֵּר אוּף אֲנָא יַתְכוֹן בְּעַרְאַי בְּעַלְמָא וְאִירְדֵי יַתְכוֹן לְחוֹד אֲנָא שְׁבַע מְחָן עַל שְׁבַע עֲבֵירָן דִי חֲטֵיתוּן קֳדָמָי

I will also remember you adversely in the world, and will chastise you, even I, with seven plagues, for the seven transgressions with which ye have sinned before Me.

Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Leviticus 26:28 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Lev 26:28 Then I will walk contrary unto you also in fury; and I, even I, will chastise you seven times for your sins.

Ver. 28. Seven times for your sins.] God will not cease pursuing till Sheba’s head be thrown over the wall. Three times in this chapter God raiseth his note of threatening, and he raiseth it by sevens, and those are discords in music. Such sayings will be heavy songs, and their execution heavy pangs to the wicked. In musical notes there are but eight degrees; and then the same returns again. Philosophers, when they distinguish degrees in qualities, do usually make the eighth degree to be the highest. But in the wrath of God against impenitents here in this chapter, Lev 26:18; Lev 26:21; Lev 26:24; Lev 26:28, there are no fewer than twenty-eight degrees threatened, as is well observed. {a}

{a} Dr Rain.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Joseph Benson's Commentary

Lev 26:28. I will walk contrary to you in fury, &c. — Your obstinate contempt of my laws shall be punished with new and more grievous plagues; which was fulfilled in their captivity in the days of Manasseh, Jehoiakim, and Zedekiah. For these latter calamities were at least seven times greater, both for extent and duration, than the former which they suffered from the Philistines and neighbouring nations.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(28) Then I will walk contrary unto you also in fury.—Whilst in Lev_26:24 the persistent rebellion is responded to on the part of the defied God in the simple words, “then will I also work contrary unto you,” we have here the addition “in fury” as the provocation is more intense.

And I, even I, will chastise you.—Better, And I also will chastise you. The verb here is different from the one in Lev_26:24.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And ye shall eat the flesh of your sons,.... Which was fulfilled at the siege of Samaria, in the times of Joram, Kg2 6:29; and at the siege of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar, Lam 4:10; and though there is no instance of it at that time in the sacred records, the Jews (p) tells us of one Doeg ben Joseph, who died and left a little one with his mother, who was very fond of him; but at this siege slew him with her own hands, and ate him, with respect to which they suppose Jeremiah makes the lamentation, Lam 2:2; and of this also there was an instance at the last siege of Jerusalem, by Titus, when a woman, named Mary, of a considerable family, boiled her son, and ate part of him, and the rest was found in her house when the seditious party broke in upon her, as Josephus (q) relates:

and the flesh of your daughters shall ye eat; of which, though no instances are given, it is as reasonable to suppose it was done as the former. Some of the Jewish writers (r) think, that in this prediction is included, that children should eat their parents, as well as parents their children, as in Eze 5:10.

(p) Torat Cohanim in Yalkut, par. 1. fol. 197. 1. (q) De Bello. Jud. l. 6. c. 3. sect. 4. (r) Torat Cohanim, ib.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Fury. You will gain nothing by opposing me, but your own destruction. I will treat you, as you would deal with me. (Haydock)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Contrary unto you in fury; or,

in fury of rashness or

carelessness with you or among you, like a raging lion breaking into a multitude of people, and destroying all he meets with promiscuously, or without any distinction, both righteous and wicked together, as is threatened Eze 21:3. Or, in fury of contrariety, or meeting with you, or against you, like a man that meets his enemy in the fury of battle.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

28. In fury — Hebrews, in the heat of encountering. Fury, as implying a perturbed and excited malevolence, is not predicable of Jehovah. Yet as a species of anthropomorphism, to convey in a vivid manner the intense activity of the divine justice against impenitent and defiant Israel, it is admissible.

Even I — This seems to imply the direct interposition of the divine hand without the employment of secondary causes. “It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.”

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Leviticus, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 11 words (11 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is qᵉrîy (“opposition”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

What does “opposition” (qᵉrîy) contribute to the verse as a whole?
Leviticus 26:21 shares the word «opposition» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
The verb «וְהָלַכְתִּ֥י» is Qal Sequential Perfect. How does its form color the action?
Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Joseph Benson's Commentary read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

This verse counts 11 Hebrew ↔ 17 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 10 words in this verse.
11 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 11 words in this verse.