קְרִי

קרי

• , Pesik. R. s. 22, v. קִירִי.—Yalk. Deut. 946, v. קירִי.

קרי ²

• (b. h.)
• 1. to call, name; to invite. Ber. 7ᵇ מיום שברא … שקְרָאוֹ … וּקְרָאוֹ אדון from the day that the Lord created the world there was no man that called the Holy One, blessed be He, lord, until Abraham came and called him lord (Gen. XV, 2 אדני). Gen. R. s. 56 אברהם קראו יראה Abraham called it (the Temple site) yeraëh (Gen. XXII, 14), שם ק׳ אותו שלם Shem called it Salem (ib. XIV, 18), הריני קוֹרֵא אותו ירושלם I will call it Jerusalem. Snh. 70ᵇ אין … לִקְרוֹא אבא וכ׳ no sooner does a child know to call ‘father’ and ‘mother’, than it tastes grain food. Num. R. s. 15, beg. ק׳ אותו אוהב he invited that friend. Ib. והיה קורא אומניות, v. אוּמָנוּת; a. v. fr.—Part. pass. קָרוּא, קָרוּי; f. קְרוּאָה, קְרוּיָה; Pl. קְרוּאִים, קְרוּאִין, קְרוּיִים, קְרוּיִם, קְרוּיִין, קְרוּיִן; קְרוּאוֹת, קְרוּיוֹת. B. Mets. 114ᵇ, a. e. (ref. to Ez. XXXIV, 31) אתם ק׳ אדם וכ׳ you are called men, but idolaters &c. Sifra Aḥăré, end כל העריות ק׳ טומאה all illicit connections are called uncleanness; a. fr.—Esp. קְרוּאִים, קְרוּיִין those called up to read from the Torah (v. infra). Gen. R. s. 70 (ref. to Gen. XXIX, 2) אלו שלשה ק׳ this is typical of the three persons called up to read from the Torah (priest, Levite, and Israelite). Y. Meg. III, 74ᵇ ולא שבעה ק׳ אינון are not seven persons called up (on the Sabbath)?; a. fr.—V. קְרוּיוֹת.—2) to read, recite (esp. from the Scriptures). Yoma I, 6 אם רגיל לִקְרוֹת … קוֹרִין לפניו if he (the high priest) is accustomed to read (the Scriptures), he reads himself, if not, they read to him; ובמה קורין לפניו and from what books do they read to him? Ib. פעמים הרבה קָרִיתִי וכ׳ many a time I read to him from Daniel. Meg. II, 1 הקורא את המגילה וכ׳, v. מִפְרֵעַ. Ib. 2 קְרָאָהּ סירוגין, v. סֵירוּג. Ib. 3 קורא כמקומו he must read in accordance with the usage of the place he came from. Ib. 4 הכל כשרין לִקְרוֹת וכ׳ all persons are qualified to recite the Book of Esther (before the congregation). Y. Meg. IV, 74ᵈ bot. וקְרָיָיהּ and read from it; a. fr.—Esp. to read from the Torah at public services. Ib. III, 4 קורין בפרשת שקלים they (those who are called up, v. supra) read the section of Sheḳalim (Ex. XXX, 11-16). Ib. 6 אחד קורא את כולן one person must read the entire chapter (of the curses). Ib. IV, 1 בשני … קורין שלשה on Mondays … three persons read. Ib. 4 הקורא בתורה לא יפחות וכ׳ he who is designated to read from the Torah must read no less than three verses; לא יִקְרָא למתורגמן וכ׳ he must read to the interpreter one verse at a time, but from the Prophets, three verses. Bicc. I, 1 יש מביאין … וקורין וכ׳ there are those who are bound to bring the first-fruits and to read (Deut. XXVI, 5-10), and those who must bring but not read &c. Ib. 4; a. v. fr.—Esp. (את שמע) ק׳ to recite the Sh’mʿa in the morning and in the evening prayer. Ber. I, 1 לא קָרִינוּ וכ׳ we omitted to read the Sh’mʿa. Ib. II, 3 ק׳ וטעה if one read the Sh’mʿa and made a mistake. Ib. 4 האומנין קוֹרְאִין וכ׳ (Bab. ed. 16ᵃ קורין) workingmen read the Sh’mʿa on top of a tree, or on the scaffolding; a. v. fr.—אל תִּקְרֵי … אלא (or תִּיקְרִי Chald. form; abbrev. א"ת) read not … but—, i.e. change the traditional (Massoretic) reading (for homiletical purposes). Ib. 64ᵃ (ref. to Is. LIV, 13 א"ת בָּנַיִךְ אלא בּוֹנַיִךְ read not banayikh (thy children) but bonayikh (thy builders, the scholars). M. Kat. 9ᵇ (ref. to Ps. XLIX, 12) א"ת קִרְבָּם אלא קִבְרָם read not ḳirbam (their innermost) but ḳibram (their grave); a. fr. e.g. Genesis 15:2
  • same, to call, invite. Part. pass. מְקוֹרָא, pl. מְקוֹרָאִים, מְקוֹרָאִין. Num. R. s. 13 יש חתן … למק׳ וכ׳ does a bridegroom give a banquet for the invited guests and not sit with them?; a. e.
  • 1. to be called. Lev. R. s. 1, beg. נִקְרְאוּ הנביאים וכ׳, v. בַּיִת. Ex. R. s. 1 (ref. to Ex. II, 13) מכאן … נ׳ רשע from here we learn that when a man lifts up his hand to strike his neighbor, even if he does not strike, he is called a wicked man; Snh. 58ᵇ. Ab. Zar. 19ᵃ (ref. to Ps. I, 2) בתחלה נִקְרֵאת … נקראת וכ׳ first it (the Law) is called the Lord’s, and then his (the student’s); a. fr.— to be read, recited. Meg. I, 1 מגלה נקראת וכ׳ the Book of Esther may be read at public service on the eleventh &c. Ib. IV, 10 מעשה ראובן נ׳ ולא וכ׳ the story of Reuben (Gen. XXXV, 22) is read at public service but not translated. Ib. לא נִקְרָאִין וכ׳ (Y. ed. נִיקְרִין) must be neither read nor interpreted. Tosef. ib. IV (III), 31 יש נקראין ומתרגמין וכ׳ certain verses are read but not interpreted &c.; Meg. 25ᵃ נִקְרִין; a. v. fr. e.g. Exodus 2:13
  • to cause to call, to lead in reading. Sot. 10ᵃ sq. (ref. to Gen. XXI, 33) א"ת וַיִּקְרָא אלא וַיַּקְרִיא read not vayiḳra (and he called) but vayaḳri (and he made call), מלמד שה׳ וכ׳ intimating that Abraham caused the name of the Lord to be called by the mouth of every passer-by. Y. ib. V, 20ᶜ top קטן שהוא מַקְרֵא וכ׳ a child that reads the Hallel at school, and they (the class) respond by repeating each sentence (v. עָנָה I); גדול שהוא מקרא וכ׳ an adult that leads in reciting …, when the congregation responds with the first sentence (as refrain). Succ. III, 10 מי שהיה … מַקְרִין אותו וכ׳ if a slave, a woman, or a child reads to him, he responds with Hallelujah. Gitt. III, 1 שמע קול סופרים מקרין וכ׳ heard the teaching scribes as they made the practicing children read, ‘such and such … divorces &c.’—Esp. to teach the Scriptures (מִקְרָא). Lam. R. to I, 6 הַקְרינִי דף אחד … השניני וכ׳ teach me a page of the Scriptures, teach me a chapter of the Mishnah; a. fr.—[Erub. 104ᵇ שהקרו, v. קָרַר I.] e.g. Genesis 21:33

קְרֵי I

• , to call, name, invite; to read. Targ. Gen. XXIX, 34. Targ. I Sam. III, 6. Targ. Gen. II, 19, sq. Targ. Deut. XVII, 19. Targ. Esth. VI, 1; a. v. fr.—Meg. 18ᵇ דקָרוּ ליה וכ׳ when they call him (in his sleep), and he answers. Gen. R. s. 17; Lev. R. s. 34 קְרוּן בשכונתיה וכ׳ they called (begging for alms) in the neighborhood &c. Ber. 13ᵇ מִקְרָא הוא דלא לִיקְרֵי וכ׳ one is not permitted to read the Sh’mʿa (while lying on one’s back), but &c.; מקרא … נמי אסיר to read is forbidden even when turning sideways. Ib. 11ᵇ כתיב רע וקְרִינָן הכל it is written (Is. XLV, 7) ‘and creates evil’, and we read (in the morning prayers) ‘all’! Pes. 3ᵃ קָרוּ נגהי, v. נָגְהָא. Ib. קַרְיֵיה … לנהורא וכ׳ the Lord called the light and appointed it &c. Gen. R. s. 40 הוה קָרֵי עליהין נותן וכ׳ applied to them the verse (Is. XL, 29), he giveth &c. M. Kat. 5ᵇ top, a. fr. ק׳ עליה וכ׳ applied to him the verse &c. Keth. 17ᵃ sq. למאן דקרי ותני וכ׳ (at the funeral) of one that read the Bible and studied Mishnah, but of one that taught others &c. Sabb. 152ᵇ גלית … נביאי לא קְרֵית thou showest that thou hast not even read the Prophets (v. infra). Y. Meg. III, 74ᵇ bot. אילין … מאי דיִקְרִינָן וכ׳ as to the curses (v. אֲרַר), dare one person read them and recite the benediction before and after them? Ex. R. s. 47 למדו … ודקָרִין בלילה learn the Torah from such teachers as get up early and study while it is yet night, v. אִימְּטִין; a. v. fr.—Y. Meg. IV, 75ᵃ bot., a. e. קְרָאיֵי they recite.—Part. pass. קְרִי, קְרִיא; pl. קְרִיָּין the Massoretic reading, opp. כתיב. Treat. Sof’rim ch. IX, 8. Ned. 37ᵇ, v. כְּתִיב; a. fr. e.g. Isaiah 45:7
  • (Pa. קָרֵי) to make read, to teach (the Scriptures). Sabb. l. c. דקָרְיָיךְ קהלת לא אַקְרְיָיךְ משלי (Ms. M. דאַקְרְיָיךְ) he that taught thee Koheleth (Ecclesiastes) failed to teach thee Mishlé (Proverbs); Yalk. Gen. 33; Yalk. Ez. 376 דאקרייך. Yeb. 9ᵃ מדמַקְרֵי ליה וכ׳ as R. J. taught his son the interpretation of &c. Koh. R. to III, 14 מקרתה, read: מקרי ליה, v. קַרְיָיא; a. fr.—V. מַקְרֵי.—[Tanḥ. B’resh. 2 ולקרוייה, read: וליַקּוּרֵיה.] e.g. Genesis 2:19
  • , אִיקְּרֵי to be called, named; to be called upon, visited. Targ. Esth. III, 12. Ib. IV, 11. Targ. Gen. XVII, 5; a. fr.—Snh. 26ᵇ היכן … דאִיקְּרוּ שָׁתוֹת where do we find that the righteous are called ‘foundations’? Yalk. Ez. 376 אפי׳ … אִיקְּרוּ לך even Prophets have not been taught thee; Yalk. Gen. 133 לא אַקְרוּ they have not taught thee (v. supra); a. fr.

קרי ³

• (b. h.) to join.—Denom. קוֹרָה III.—לִקְרַאת to meet. Sabb. 31ᵃ ויצא לִקְרָאתוֹ and came out to meet him. Ib. 119ᵃ; B. Kam. 32ᵃ top לקראת כלה to meet the bride (the Sabbath); a. fr.
  • to meet, join, esp. נִקְרֵי, נִיקְרֵי (denom. of קֶרִי) to lose semen. Gen. R. s. 52; s. 74, a. e. אין הלשון הזה וַיִּקָּר אלא לשון טומאה this expression vayiḳḳar (Num. XXIII, 4) has the meaning of uncleanness (by analogy from Deut. XXIII, 11).—Meg. 15ᵃ; Taan. 5ᵇ. Yeb. 76ᵃ e.g. Numbers 23:4
  • same, to have (nocturnal) pollution; to lose semen. Y. Snh. II, 20ᵇ top; Midr. Sam. ch. XXIII (ref. to I Sam. XXV, 20) ותפגש אותם הוּקְרוּ כולן ‘she struck them’ (with her charms), all of them met with &c. e.g. 1 Samuel 25:20

קְרֵי II

• , to join.
  • to do something by accident; to happen. Snh. 33ᵃ א׳ ועבד כחד וכ׳ if he happened to act in accordance with the opinion of one of them, when the common usage agrees with the other. Keth. 26ᵃ אִיקְּרוּ ויהבו ליה accidentally they gave it to him.

קרי ⁴

• , Pi. קֵרָה (b. h.)
• 1. (denom. of קוֹרָה, q. v.) to lay beams; to cover.
• 2. (denom. of קִיר I, q. v.) to wall up, close. Ber. 10ᵇ (ref. to II Kings IV, 10) עלייה … וקֵירוּהָ it was an open upper room (a balcony), and they closed it up. M. Kat. I, 4 מְקָרִין את הפירצה וכ׳ you may close up a breach during the festive week. Ib. 7ᵃ כיצד מקרין וכ׳ in what way is it to be done?… With shrubbery or bay-trees. Succ. I, 8 המְקָרֶה סוכתו וכ׳ he who covers his Succah with spits or boards of a bed-side. Lev. R. s. 1 היה מקרה בקורות וכ׳ he covered the building with joists, and wrote the name of the king on them; a. e.—Part. pass. מְקוֹרֶה; f. מְקוֹרָה. Y. Succ. I, 51ᵈ top סוכה מ׳ פסולה a Succah covered with beams is ritually unfit; מבוי מ׳ כשר a covered alley is fit (for Sabbath movements). Y. Naz. IX, 57ᵈ מערה מ׳ a vaulted cave. Sabb. 5ᵃ; a. fr. e.g. 2 Kings 4:10

קְרֵי III

• = קִרְיָיא, town, place. Targ. O. Gen. XLVII, 21 (some ed. קְרִי). Targ. Is. XIX, 2; a. e.—Pl., v. קִרְיָיא

קְרִי

• , part. pass. of קְרי I, q. v.

קְרִי ²

• 1. accident, mishap. R. Hash. 16ᵃ תבואה שאירע בה ק׳ וכ׳ a crop to which an accident happened (an injury from natural causes) or a misfortune (through human agencies). Ib. אדם … ק׳ וכ׳ a man whom a mishap befell or &c.
• 2. (euphem.) nocturnal pollution. Ab. V, 5. Midd. I, 9. Yoma 88ᵃ בעל ק׳ one to whom pollution happened; a. fr.—Pl. קְרָיִין. Ber. 22ᵇ; B. Kam. 82ᵃ (Ms. H. קְרָאִין); Y. Meg. IV, 75ᵃ top; a. e.