Joshua 24:18

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Joshua 24:18 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Joshua 24:18 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/joshua/24/18.

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and Yahweh drove out from before us all the peoples, even the Amorites who lived in the land: therefore we also will serve Yahweh; for he is our God.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    and Yahweh drove out from before us all the peoples, even the Amorites who lived in the land: therefore we also will serve Yahweh; for he is our God.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And the LORD drave out from before us all the people, even the Amorites which dwelt in the land: therefore will we also serve the LORD; for he is our God.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Yahweh dispossessed from our faces all of the peoples and the Amorite, the dweller the land. We ourselves will serve Yahweh, for he our God.”

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    and Yahweh drove out from before us all the peoples, even the Amorites who lived in the land: therefore we also will serve Yahweh; for he is our God.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    And the LORD drove out before us all the nations, including the Amorites who lived in the land. We too will serve the LORD, because He is our God!”
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    And the LORD drove out before us all the nations, including the Amorites who lived in the land. We too will serve the LORD, because He is our God!”
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And the LORD drave out from before us all the people, even the Amorites which dwelt in the land: therefore will we also serve the LORD; for he is our God.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    and Jehovah drove out from before us all the peoples, even the Amorites that dwelt in the land: therefore we also will serve Jehovah; for he is our God.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    and the LORD drave out from before us all the peoples, even the Amorites which dwelt in the land: therefore we also will serve the LORD; for he is our God.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And the Lord did cast out before vs all the people, euen the Amorites which dwelt in the lande: therefore will we also serue the Lord, for he is our God.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    And he hath cast out all the nations, the Amorrhite the inhabitant of the land into which we are come. Therefore we will serve the Lord, for he is our God.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and Jehovah casteth out the whole of the peoples, even the Amorite inhabiting the land, from our presence; we also do serve Jehovah, for He `is' our God.'
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and YHWH casts out the whole of the peoples, even the Amorite inhabiting the land, from our presence; we also serve YHWH, for He [is] our God.”
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    Then Yahweh drove out before us all the peoples, including the Amorites who lived in the land. So we too will worship Yahweh, for he is our God.”
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And Yahweh dispossessed from our faces all of the peoples and the Amorite, the dweller the land. We ourselves will serve Yahweh, for he our God.”
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And Jehovah drove out from before us all the peoples, and the Amorites the inhabitants of the land: so therefore we will serve Jehovah, for he is our God.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    The LORD drove out from before us all the peoples, even the Amorites who lived in the land. Therefore we also will serve the LORD; for he is our God.”
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And the LORD drove out from before us all the people, even the Amorites who dwelt in the land: therefore will we also serve the LORD; for he is our God.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    The Lord drove out before us the Amorites and all the other nations who were living in the land. So we will worship the Lord, for he is our God!”
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And the Lord sent out from before us all the peoples, the Amorites living in the land: so we will be the servants of the Lord, for he is our God.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    and the LORD drove out from before us all the peoples, even the Amorites that dwelt in the land; therefore we also will serve the LORD; for He is our God.'

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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וַיְגָ֨רֶשׁ
gârash
H1644
“and · to drive out”
Conjunction + Verb, Piel, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
Part of Speech
Conjunction + Verb
Stem
Piel
Form
Sequential Imperfect
Person
3rd Person
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 388

to drive out, expel, cast out, drive away, divorce, put away, thrust away, trouble, cast up - (Qal) to thrust out, cast out - (Niphal) to be driven away, be tossed - (Piel) to drive out, drive away - (Pual) to be thrust out
  1. יְהוָ֜ה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 “LORD” Noun, Proper
  2. אֶת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
  3. כָּל kôl H3605 “all of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  4. הָעַמִּ֗ים ʻam H5971 “the · peoples” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
  5. וְאֶת ʼêth H853 “and · -” Conjunction + Particle, Direct Object
  6. הָאֱמֹרִ֛י ʼĔmôrîy H567 “the · Amorite” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  7. יֹשֵׁ֥ב yâshab H3427 “dwelling” Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  8. הָאָ֖רֶץ ʼerets H776 “the · land” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Absolute
  9. מִפָּנֵ֑ינוּ pânîym H6440 “from · face(s) · our” Preposition + Noun, Common, Both, Plural, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 1st Person, Common, Plural
  10. גַּם gam H1571 “also” Particle, Accusative
  11. אֲנַ֨חְנוּ֙ ʼănachnûw H587 “we” Pronoun, Personal, 1st Person, Common, Plural
  12. נַעֲבֹ֣ד ʻâbad H5647 “to serve” Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 1st Person, Common, Plural
  13. אֶת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
  14. יְהוָ֔ה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 “LORD” Noun, Proper
  15. כִּי kîy H3588 “that” Conjunction
  16. ה֖וּא hûwʼ H1931 “he” Pronoun, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  17. אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ ʼĕlôhîym H430 “God(s) · our” Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 1st Person, Common, Plural

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

18
words
15
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וַיְגָ֨רֶשׁ to drive out H1644 occurs in 45 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 3 verbs
  • 8 nouns
  • 2 pronouns
  • 1 conjunction
  • 4 particles

Verb forms

  • וַיְגָ֨רֶשׁ Piel · Sequential Imperfect
  • יֹשֵׁ֥ב Qal · Participle Active
  • נַעֲבֹ֣ד Qal · Imperfect

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • יְהוָ֜ה LORD H3068 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 29 words from the Hebrew and 29 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 18 Hebrew tokens and 26 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

6

Topical passages linked to Joshua 24:18 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Exodus 10:2 and that you may tell in the hearing of your son, and of your son's son, what things I have done to Egypt, and my signs which I have done among them; that you may know that I am Yahweh."
  • Psalms 116:16 Yahweh, truly I am your servant. I am your servant, the son of your handmaid. You have freed me from my chains.
  • Micah 4:2 Many nations will go and say, "Come, and let us go up to the mountain of Yahweh, And to the house of the God of Jacob; And he will teach us of his ways, And we will walk in his paths." For out of Zion will go forth the law, And the word of Yahweh from Jerusalem;
  • Zechariah 8:23 Thus says Yahweh of Hosts: "In those days, ten men will take hold, out of all the languages of the nations, they will take hold of the skirt of him who is a Jew, saying, 'We will go with you, for we have heard that God is with you.'"
  • Luke 1:73–75 The oath which he spoke to Abraham, our father,
  • Exodus 15:2 Yah is my strength and song, He has become my salvation: This is my God, and I will praise him; My father's God, and I will exalt him.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Joshua 24:18 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיְגָ֨רֶשׁ יְהוָ֜ה אֶת כָּל הָעַמִּ֗ים וְאֶת הָאֱמֹרִ֛י יֹשֵׁ֥ב הָאָ֖רֶץ מִפָּנֵ֑ינוּ גַּם אֲנַ֨חְנוּ֙ נַעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת יְהוָ֔ה כִּי ה֖וּא אֱלֹהֵֽינוּ

and Yahweh drove out from before us all the peoples, even the Amorites who lived in the land: therefore we also will serve Yahweh; for he is our God.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Joshua 24:18 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ἐκβάλλω κύριος ὁ ἀμορραῖος καί πᾶς ὁ ἔθνος ὁ καταοἰκέω ὁ γῆ ἀπό πρόσωπον ἐγώ ἀλλά καί ἐγώ λατρεύω κύριος οὗτος γάρ θεός ἐγώ εἰμί

And the Lord cast out the Amorite, and all the nations that inhabited the land from before us: yes, we will serve the Lord, for he is our God.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, The Pulpit Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    וְתָרֵיךְ יְיָ יַת כָּל עַמְמַיָא וְיַת אֱמוֹרָאָה יָתֵיב אַרְעָא מִן קֳדָמָנָא אַף אֲנַחְנָא נִפְלַח קֳדָם יְיָ אֲרֵי הוּא אֱלָהָנָא:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Joshua 24:18 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Jos 24:18 And the LORD drave out from before us all the people, even the Amorites which dwelt in the land: [therefore] will we also serve the LORD; for he [is] our God.

Ver. 18. We will also serve the Lord; for he is our God.] To make the Lord to be our God, it is required, saith a reverend man, that with highest estimations, most vigorous affections, and utmost endeavours we bestow ourselves upon him: so shall we be in a condition to "serve him acceptably." {Heb 12:28}

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

How much more are we bound to serve God in Christ, by whom we have received the redemption of our souls?

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

John Gill's Exposition

And the Lord drave out from before us all the people,.... The seven nations of the land of Canaan:

even the Amorites which dwelt in the land; the strongest and most populous of the nations, Amo 2:9, or especially the Amorites, so Vatablus; or "with the Amorites", as others; those that lived on the other side Jordan, over whom Sihon and Og reigned:

therefore will we also serve the Lord: as well as Joshua and his house, for the reasons before given, because he had done such great and good things for them:

for he is our God: that has made and preserved us, and loaded us with his benefits, and is our covenant God, and therefore will we fear and serve him.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

The Pulpit Commentary

Therefore will we also serve the Lord. There is an ambiguity in our version which does not exist in the Hebrew. There is no "therefore," which only serves to obscure the sense, and which is borrowed from the Vulgate. The LXX, which has alla kai , gives the true sense. After the enumeration of the great things God Jehovah has done for them, the Israelites break off, and, referring to the declaration of Joshua in ver. 15, "but as for me and my house, we will serve Jehovah," reply, "we too will serve Jehovah, for He is our God."

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Joshua, in the Historical, opens this verse with 18 words (15 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is gârash (“to drive out”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. What does “to drive out” (gârash) contribute to the verse as a whole?
  2. How does Genesis 3:24, which shares the word «to drive out», read alongside this verse?
  3. What does the repetition of “LORD” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
  4. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  5. «וַיְגָ֨רֶשׁ» is a Piel Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  6. Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Geneva Bible (1599) read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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Reading text

Shown beneath each verse's original-language words.

Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

Comparing translations? Open the Compare panel on any verse page to stack up to four side by side.