Ezekiel 32:10

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

Yes, I will make many peoples amazed at you, and their kings shall be horribly afraid for you, when I shall brandish my sword before them; and they shall tremble at every moment, every man for his own life, in the day of your fall.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Download a study sheet

One document with this verse’s original text, its word-by-word gloss line, the meaning frame, cross-references with their text, attributed commentary, and full source and license credits — printable, and it pastes into notes with its structure intact.

This verse Autodidact and up

Study sheet (.html) Plain text (.txt)

A passage Seminary Student

Up to 50 verses in one chapter. A passage sheet keeps up to 6 commentary sources and 12 cross-references per verse, in the order this page ranks them, and says so on the sheet whenever that leaves anything out. Ask for a single verse and you get the Autodidact verse sheet above.

Everything on this page stays free to read, with no account — the sheet is a download of what is already on screen, not access to it.

Want to remove ads? Support Godless Engineer

Word by word

More ways to search: Search by grammar → Find every occurrence → Compare this word →

Practice this passage: Drill this verse → Learn its vocabulary →

שַׂ֔עַר

saʻar

H8178

“tempest”

Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute

Appears 4× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Job 18:20

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H8175

TWOT: 2275a

storm, tempest, terror, horror

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

18: words
16: distinct lemmas
Prophets: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is שַׂ֔עַר tempest H8178 — appearing just 4 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

שַׂ֔עַר tempest H8178 occurs in 4 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

4 verbs
10 nouns
1 adjective
3 prepositions

Verb forms

וַהֲשִׁמּוֹתִ֨י Hiphil · Sequential Perfect
יִשְׂעֲר֤וּ Qal · Imperfect
בְּעוֹפְפִ֥י Polel · Infinitive Construct
וְחָרְד֤וּ Qal · Sequential Perfect

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

עָלֶ֜יךָ upon H5921 ×3

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 45 words from the Hebrew and 34 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 18 Hebrew tokens and 29 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Ezekiel 32:10 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Ezekiel 26:16 Then all the princes of the sea shall come down from their thrones, and lay aside their robes, and strip off their embroidered garments: they shall clothe themselves with trembling; they shall sit on the ground, and shall tremble every moment, and be astonished at you.
Ezekiel 27:35 All the inhabitants of the isles are astonished at you, and their kings are horribly afraid; they are troubled in their face.
Exodus 15:14–16 The peoples have heard. They tremble. Pangs have taken hold on the inhabitants of Philistia.
Deuteronomy 29:24 even all the nations shall say, Why has Yahweh done thus to this land? what means the heat of this great anger?
Deuteronomy 32:41 If I whet my glittering sword, My hand take hold on judgment; I will render vengeance to my adversaries, Will recompense those who hate me.
1 Kings 9:8 Though this house is so high, yet shall everyone who passes by it be astonished, and shall hiss; and they shall say, Why has Yahweh done thus to this land, and to this house?
Jeremiah 51:9 We would have healed Babylon, but she is not healed: forsake her, and let us go everyone into his own country; for her judgment reaches to heaven, and is lifted up even to the skies.
Ezekiel 30:9 In that day shall messengers go forth from before me in ships to make the careless Ethiopians afraid; and there shall be anguish on them, as in the day of Egypt; for, behold, it comes.

Zechariah 11:2 Wail, fir tree, for the cedar has fallen, Because the stately ones are destroyed. Wail, you oaks of Bashan, For the strong forest has come down.
Revelation 18:10 standing far away for the fear of her torment, saying, 'Woe, woe, the great city, Babylon, the strong city! For your judgment has come in one hour.'

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Ezekiel 32:10 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַהֲשִׁמּוֹתִ֨י עָלֶ֜יךָ עַמִּ֣ים רַבִּ֗ים וּמַלְכֵיהֶם֙ יִשְׂעֲר֤וּ עָלֶ֨יךָ֙ שַׂ֔עַר בְּעוֹפְפִ֥י חַרְבִּ֖י עַל פְּנֵיהֶ֑ם וְחָרְד֤וּ לִרְגָעִים֙ אִ֣ישׁ לְנַפְשׁ֔וֹ בְּי֖וֹם מַפַּלְתֶּֽךָ

Yes, I will make many peoples amazed at you, and their kings shall be horribly afraid for you, when I shall brandish my sword before them; and they shall tremble at every moment, every man for his own life, in the day of your fall.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Ezekiel 32:10 Septuagint · lemma form

καί στυγνάζω ἐπί σύ ἔθνος πολύς καί ὁ βασιλεύς αὐτός ἔκστασις ἐκἵστημι ἐν ὁ πέτομαι ὁ ῥομφαία ἐγώ ἐπί πρόσωπον αὐτός προςδέχομαι ὁ πτῶσις αὐτός ἀπό ἡμέρα πτῶσις σύ

And many nations shall mourn over you, and their kings shall be utterly amazed, when my sword flies in their faces, as they wait for their own fall from the day of your fall.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וְאַצְדֵי עֲלָךְ עַמְמִין סַגִיאִין וּמַלְכֵיהוֹן יִתְמְהוֹן עֲלָךְ תֵּימָה בְּאַיְתָיוּתִי עֲלָךְ דְקַטְלִין בְּחַרְבָּא וְאִינּוּן חָזָן וְיזוּעוּן מִן קֳדָם תְּבִרְהוֹן גְבַר לְנַפְשֵׁיהּ בְּיוֹם מַפְּלַת קְטִילָךְ:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Ezekiel 32:10 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Eze 32:10 Yea, I will make many people amazed at thee, and their kings shall be horribly afraid for thee, when I shall brandish my sword before them; and they shall tremble at [every] moment, every man for his own life, in the day of thy fall.

Ver. 10. When I shall brandish my sword.] As fetching my blow at them too, and aiming where to hit them.

Every man for his own life.] Which he knows he hath forfeited, and hath now great cause to fear, since his neighbour’s house is on fire. {a}

{a} Iam proximus ardet. - Ucalegon.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

brandish my sword before them--literally, "in their faces," or sight.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

10. Read peoples, as always. Cf. Eze_26:16, Eze_27:35.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

Yea, I will make many people amazed at thee,.... That so potent a state, and such a flourishing kingdom, should at once be so easily subdued and conquered: and their kings shall be horribly afraid for thee; because of her destruction, lest their turn should be next; so the kings of the earth will be afraid when God's judgments are executed on mystical Egypt; see Rev 18:9,

when I shall brandish my sword before them; the sword of the king of Babylon after mentioned, called the Lord's, because it was by his appointment and permission, and came by the direction of his providence, and was succeeded by his power: this glittering sword being brandished over Egypt, in the sight of the nations round about, was terrible to them; dreading that it would not be put up until it was sheathed in them, or they felt the effects of it:, or, "when I shall cause it to fly before them" (c); in their sight, and upon the borders of their countries; expressive of the swiftness of its motion, the sudden destruction it brought on Egypt, and its nearness to them. The Targum is,

"when I shall bring upon thee those that kill with the sword.''

And they shall tremble at every moment; from moment to moment, or continually; they shall never be free from fear:

every man for his own life, in the day of thy fall; not kings for their subjects, or subjects for their kings, but every man for himself; expecting every moment that the sword which flew and ravaged through Egypt, and now hovered over them, would be instantly plunged in them.

(c) "cum volare fecero", Munster, Tigurine version. Abendaus mentions such a sense of the word.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Many people, and mighty people too.

Amazed; astonished and puzzled, not knowing what resolutions to take, what advices to follow, or what to do. Their kings, who usually are, and in reason should be, undaunted, and discover no signs of fear, shall discover mighty disorders of fear and doubt, both for Egypt and themselves. Horribly afraid: see Eze 27:35.

Brandish my sword; or, make my sword pass with such speed, as if it did fly along their borders, or hover near them, and so threaten them. They shall tremble; be greatly afraid, lest Nebuchadnezzar, who here is God’s sword, should smite them.

Every man; every one of the kings, whose kingdoms are near to Egypt, and by whose borders the Babylonish army must pass in their marches.

For his own life; they should be solicitous, not for the outmost parts of their kingdoms, or for their subjects, but for their own life.

In the day of thy fall; when they shall hear of Hophra beaten, taken, imprisoned, his kingdom taken from him, and he dead by a shameful death, and all his people slain, captivated, spoiled, or fled.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

Shall tremble - Be greatly afraid, lest Nebuchadnezzar, who is God's sword, should smite them. Every man - Every one of the kings, whose kingdoms are near to Egypt.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

And I will cause...to be appalled [Heb. וַהֲשִּׁוֹתִי,] an expression of bewilderment.

when I cause My sword to fly before their faces [Heb. בְּעוֹפְפִי,] an expression of a flying bird, when I send upon you the army of My emissaries through their land.

and they will quake at their ruin [Heb. לִרְגָעִים,] to ruins, lest ruin come upon them as well. Another explanation: an expression of an actual moment (רֶגַע). In this sense, Menachem (p. 162) connects it.

everyone for himself each one concerning himself, soi- meme in French, for himself.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Ezekiel, in the Prophets, opens this verse with 18 words (16 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is saʻar (“tempest”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “tempest” (saʻar) shape what this verse is saying?
How does Job 18:20, which shares the word «tempest», read alongside this verse?
What does the repetition of “upon” (3× in this one verse) do in this verse?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
«וַהֲשִׁמּוֹתִ֨י» is a Hiphil Sequential Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Jamieson, Fausset & Brown read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

This verse counts 18 Hebrew ↔ 29 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 24 words in this verse.
“upon” occurs 3× in this single verse.
16 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 18 words in this verse.