2 Chronicles 9:22

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

So king Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth in riches and wisdom.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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לְעֹ֖שֶׁר

ʻôsher

H6239

“to/for · riches”

Preposition + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute

Appears 37× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Genesis 31:16

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H6238

TWOT: 1714a

wealth, riches

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

8: words
7: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

לְעֹ֖שֶׁר riches H6239 occurs in 36 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

1 verb
7 nouns

Verb forms

וַיִּגְדַּל֙ Qal · Sequential Imperfect

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ king H4428 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 14 words from the Hebrew and 11 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 8 Hebrew tokens and 11 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 2 Chronicles 9:22 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

2 Chronicles 1:12 wisdom and knowledge is granted to you; and I will give you riches, and wealth, and honor, such as none of the kings have had who have been before you; neither shall there any after you have the like.
1 Kings 3:12–13 behold, I have done according to your word: behold, I have given you a wise and an understanding heart; so that there has been none like you before you, neither after you shall any arise like you.
1 Kings 4:30–31 Solomon's wisdom excelled the wisdom of all the children of the east, and all the wisdom of Egypt.
Psalms 89:27 I will also appoint him my firstborn, The highest of the kings of the earth.
1 Kings 10:23–24 So king Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth in riches and in wisdom.
Matthew 12:42 The queen of the south will rise up in the judgment with this generation, and will condemn it, for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and behold, someone greater than Solomon is here.
Colossians 2:2–3 that their hearts may be comforted, they being knit together in love, and gaining all riches of the full assurance of understanding, that they may know the mystery of God, both of the Father and of Christ,

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 2 Chronicles 9:22 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיִּגְדַּל֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה מִכֹּ֖ל מַלְכֵ֣י הָאָ֑רֶץ לְעֹ֖שֶׁר וְחָכְמָֽה

So king Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth in riches and wisdom.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 2 Chronicles 9:22 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ἐμεγαλύνθω σαλωμών ὑπέρ πᾶς ὁ βασιλεύς καί πλοῦτος καί σοφία

And Solomon exceeded all other kings both in riches and wisdom.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 2 Chronicles 9:22 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Keil & Delitzsch

C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch

In Ch2 9:22-28, all that remained to be said of Solomon's royal glory, his riches, his wisdom, and his revenues, is in conclusion briefly summed up, as in Kg1 10:23-29. From Ch2 9:25 onwards, the account given in the Chronicle diverges from that in Kg1 10:26., in so far that what is narrated in Kg1 10:26-28 concerning Solomon's chariots and horses, and his trade with Egypt in horses, is here partly replaced by statements similar in import to those in 1 Kings 5, because the former matters had been already treated of in Chr. Ch2 1:14-17.

Keil & Delitzsch — Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament (1861–1891) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API. (Old Testament only.)

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(22) And king Solomon.—See 1Ki_10:23.

Passed all.—Was great above all.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

22. And king Solomon passed] R.V. So king Solomon exceeded (so 1Ki_10:13).

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

Vers. 22, 23. All the kings of the earth; i.e. of the laud of tributary sovereignties, from Euphrates to the borders of Egypt, and to the Philistines (1Ki_4:21; also note Gen_15:18 Exo_23:31; Num_22:5; Jos_1:4; 2Sa_10:16)

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

All the kings of the earth

The word "all" here is a generalization. AT: "Kings from around the world" (See: Hyperbole and Generalization)

sought the presence of Solomon

The presence of a person is a metonym for being able to speak and listen to the person. AT: "wanted to visit Solomon" or "came to visit Solomon" (See: Metonymy)

to hear his wisdom, which God had put in his heart

The heart is a metonym for what a person thinks, and here it is spoken of as if it were a container. The abstract noun "wisdom" is a metonym for the wise things a person thinks or says. AT: "to hear how wise God had enabled him to be" or "to hear him speak the wise words that God had enabled him to speak" (See: Metonymy)

which God had put in his heart

God putting wisdom in Solomon's heart represents God making Solomon wise. AT: "which God had given him" or "because God had made him wise" (See: Metaphor)

year after year

This is an idiom. AT: "every year" (See: Idiom)

translationWords

wise

earth

God

heart

tribute

horse

donkey

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

Now King Solomon transcended, etc. To fulfill that which He said to him, (I Kings 3:13): “And I have also given you that which you have not asked, etc. and honor.”

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

2 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 8 words (7 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʻôsher (“riches”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word ʻôsher carries the sense “riches.” How does it shape the verse?
How does Genesis 31:16, which shares the word «riches», read alongside this verse?
What does the repetition of “king” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
«וַיִּגְדַּל֙» is a Qal Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Keil & Delitzsch and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

This verse counts 8 Hebrew ↔ 11 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 4 words in this verse.
“king” occurs 2× in this single verse.
7 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 8 words in this verse.