צָרַע
to be leprous
‘to be leprous’ is one of 3 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Pual verb in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Stem
- Pual
- The passive counterpart of the Piel.
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”). Here: ‘elsewh. as subst.’
Form
- Participle Passive
- A verbal adjective expressing action received (“written”).
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Grammatical forms
- Verb, Pual, Participle Passive, Masculine, Singular, Absolute 10 times (50%)
- Verb, Qal, Participle Passive, Masculine, Singular, Absolute 5 times (25%)
- Verb, Pual, Participle Passive, Feminine, Singular, Absolute 3 times (15%)
- Verb, Pual, Participle Passive, Masculine, Plural, Absolute 2 times (10%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 20 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H6879 appears — 18 distinct verses across 6 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Exodus 1 verse
Leviticus 5 verses
- Leviticus 13:44 צָר֥וּעַ Qal ptcp.pass ms he is a leprous man. He is unclean. The priest shall surely pronounce him unclean. His plague is on his head.
- Leviticus 13:45 וְ/הַ/צָּר֜וּעַ conj + ptcl def.art + Qal ptcp.pass ms "The leper in whom the plague is shall wear torn clothes, and the hair of his head shall hang loose. He shall cover his upper lip, and shall cry, 'Unclean! Unclean!'
- Leviticus 14:2 הַ/מְּצֹרָ֔ע ptcl def.art + Pual ptcp.pass ms "This shall be the law of the leper in the day of his cleansing. He shall be brought to the priest,
- Leviticus 14:3 הַ/צָּרֽוּעַ ptcl def.art + Qal ptcp.pass ms and the priest shall go forth out of the camp. The priest shall examine him, and, behold, if the plague of leprosy is healed in the leper,
- Leviticus 22:4 צָר֨וּעַ֙ Qal ptcp.pass ms "'Whoever of the seed of Aaron is a leper or has an issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he is clean. Whoever touches anything that is unclean by the dead, or a man whose seed goes from him;
Numbers 2 verses
- Numbers 5:2 צָר֖וּעַ Qal ptcp.pass ms "Command the children of Israel that they put out of the camp every leper, and everyone who has an issue, and whoever is unclean by the dead.
- Numbers 12:10 מְצֹרַ֣עַת מְצֹרָֽעַת Pual ptcp.pass fs Pual ptcp.pass fs The cloud removed from over the Tent; and, behold, Miriam was leprous, as [white as] snow: and Aaron looked at Miriam, and, behold, she was leprous.
2 Samuel 1 verse
2 Kings 6 verses
- 2 Kings 5:1 מְצֹרָֽע Pual ptcp.pass ms Now Naaman, captain of the host of the king of Syria, was a great man with his master, and honorable, because by him Yahweh had given victory to Syria: he was also a mighty man of valor, [but he was] a leper.
- 2 Kings 5:11 הַ/מְּצֹרָֽע ptcl def.art + Pual ptcp.pass ms But Naaman was angry, and went away, and said, Behold, I thought, He will surely come out to me, and stand, and call on the name of Yahweh his God, and wave his hand over the place, and recover the leper.
- 2 Kings 5:27 מְצֹרָ֥ע Pual ptcp.pass ms The leprosy therefore of Naaman shall cleave to you, and to your seed forever. He went out from his presence a leper [as white] as snow.
- 2 Kings 7:3 מְצֹרָעִ֖ים Pual ptcp.pass mp Now there were four leprous men at the entrance of the gate: and they said one to another, Why sit we here until we die?
- 2 Kings 7:8 הַֽ/מְצֹרָעִ֨ים ptcl def.art + Pual ptcp.pass mp When these lepers came to the outermost part of the camp, they went into one tent, and ate and drink, and carried there silver, and gold, and clothing, and went and hid it; and they came back, and entered into another tent, and carried there also, and went and hid it.
- 2 Kings 15:5 מְצֹרָע֙ Pual ptcp.pass ms Yahweh struck the king, so that he was a leper to the day of his death, and lived in a separate house. Jotham the king's son was over the household, judging the people of the land.
2 Chronicles 3 verses
- 2 Chronicles 26:20 מְצֹרָע֙ Pual ptcp.pass ms Azariah the chief priest, and all the priests, looked on him, and, behold, he was leprous in his forehead, and they thrust him out quickly from there; yes, himself hurried also to go out, because Yahweh had struck him.
- 2 Chronicles 26:21 מְצֹרָ֣ע מְצֹרָ֔ע Pual ptcp.pass ms Pual ptcp.pass ms Uzziah the king was a leper to the day of his death, and lived in a separate house, being a leper; for he was cut off from the house of Yahweh: and Jotham his son was over the king's house, judging the people of the land.
- 2 Chronicles 26:23 מְצוֹרָ֣ע Pual ptcp.pass ms So Uzziah slept with his fathers; and they buried him with his fathers in the field of burial which belonged to the kings; for they said, He is a leper: and Jotham his son reigned in his place.
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
“to be leprous” is the headline sense of the Hebrew verb צרע (tsâraʻ). Translators differ — “leper” in the King James Version, then “leprous” (Berean Standard Bible), as the renderings breakdown shows. With 18 verses in 6 books, it is an uncommon word in the Hebrew Bible. It concentrates in 2 Kings, which alone accounts for 33% of its uses. Across 2 stems, its meaning turns on the binyan (Qal, Pual). See the sense tree, 18-verse concordance, and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H6879 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 18
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 18 distinct verses.
- 6 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 6 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #1,513
- by frequency
- Top 2500 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 1,513 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 18 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- 2 Kings 6 verses 33%
- Leviticus 5 verses 28%
- 2 Chronicles 3 verses 17%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 18 distinct verses.
- Torah (Pentateuch) 8 verses · 44%
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 7 verses · 39%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 3 verses · 17%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Leper 5×, He was a leper 2×
- American Standard Version: Leper 5×, He was a leper 2×
- Berean Standard Bible: Leprous 5×, Leper 3×, Leprosy 3×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Leper 2×, Lepers 2×, Leprous 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H6879 across 20 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 13 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H6879 across 20 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 13 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H6879 across 19 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 8 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H6879 across 20 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 10 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each. This entry also uses Pual (the passive of Piel).
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 2 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
Qal
- elsewh. as subst., = leper
Pual
- . leprous
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
[ צָרַע ] vb. denom., only in pass., be stricken with leprosy, leprous
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
צָרַע
- cmp. preced. a. נָכָה Hif.) to strike, smash, esp. (cmp. נָגַע a. כְּתַשׁ) to strike with leprosy. Yalk. Is. 271 כמו שצָרַעְתִּי את ידך as I struck thy (Moses’) hand with leprosy.—Part. pass. צָרוּעַ leper. Num. R. s. 7, v. פָּרַע.
- to become, or to be a leper. Snh. 110ᵃ he who encourages strife ראוי לִיצְטָרֵעַ deserves to be stricken with leprosy. Ib. 107ᵃ ששה חדשים נ׳ דוד David was a leper for six months. Ex. R. s. 3 לא נִצְטָרְעָה היד וכ׳ Moses’ hand did not become leprous, until he had taken it out &c.; a. e.
צְרַע
- Ithpa. אִצְטַרַע as preced. Hithpa. Targ. Y. I Num. XII, 16 (XIII, 1).
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 19 distinct written forms H6879 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H6879, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 18 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 18 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
