Isaiah 24:11

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Isaiah 24:11 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Isaiah 24:11 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/isaiah/24/11.

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English Translation
There is a crying in the streets because of the wine; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    There is a crying in the streets because of the wine; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    There is a crying for wine in the streets; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    An outcry in the streets about the wine! All of the joy has become dark. The gladness of the earth has departed.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    There is a crying in the streets because of the wine; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    In the streets they cry out for wine. All joy turns to gloom; rejoicing is exiled from the land.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    In the streets they cry out for wine. All joy turns to gloom; rejoicing is exiled from the land.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    There is a crying for wine in the streets; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    There is a crying in the streets because of the wine; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    There is a crying in the streets because of the wine; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    There is a crying for wine in the streetes: al ioy is darkened: the mirth of the world is gone away.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    There shall be a crying for wine in the streets: all mirth is forsaken: the joy of the earth is gone away.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    A cry over the wine `is' in out-places, Darkened hath been all joy, Removed hath been the joy of the land.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    In out-places [is] a cry over the wine, || All joy has been darkened, || The joy of the land has been removed.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    There is a crying in the streets because of the wine; all joy is darkened, the gladness of the land has disappeared.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    An outcry in the streets about the wine! All of the joy has become dark. The gladness of the earth has departed.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    There is a crying for wine in the streets; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone;
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    There is a crying in the streets because of the wine. All joy is darkened. The mirth of the land is gone.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    There is a crying for wine in the streets; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    Crowds on the street are shouting, demanding to have wine. Joy turns into darkness. There's no happiness left on earth.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    There is a crying in the streets because of the wine; there is an end of all delight, the joy of the land is gone.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    There is a crying in the streets amidst the wine; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

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עָֽרְבָה֙
ʻârab
H6150
“to become evening”
Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
Part of Speech
Verb
Stem
Qal
Form
Perfect
Person
3rd Person
Gender
Feminine
Number
Singular
Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root [identical with H6148 through the idea of covering with a texture]

TWOT: 1689

to become evening, grow dark - (Qal) to become evening, grow dark - (Hiphil) to spend the evening, do at evening
  1. צְוָחָ֥ה tsᵉvâchâh H6682 “outcry” Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  2. עַל ʻal H5921 “upon” Preposition
  3. הַיַּ֖יִן yayin H3196 “the · wine” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  4. בַּֽחוּצ֑וֹת chûwts H2351 “in/at the · streets” Preposition, Determined + Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute
  5. כָּל kôl H3605 “all of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  6. שִׂמְחָ֔ה simchâh H8057 “joy” Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  7. גָּלָ֖ה gâlâh H1540 “to uncover” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  8. מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ mâsôws H4885 “joy of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  9. הָאָֽרֶץ ʼerets H776 “the · land” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Both, Singular, Absolute

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

10
words
10
distinct lemmas
Prophets
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is עָֽרְבָה֙ to become evening H6150 — appearing just 3 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

עָֽרְבָה֙ to become evening H6150 occurs in 3 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 2 verbs
  • 7 nouns
  • 1 preposition

Verb forms

  • עָֽרְבָה֙ Qal · Perfect
  • גָּלָ֖ה Qal · Perfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 22 words from the Hebrew and 24 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 10 Hebrew tokens and 10 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

13

Topical passages linked to Isaiah 24:11 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Hosea 7:14 They haven't cried to me with their heart, But they howl on their beds. They assemble themselves for grain and new wine. They turn away from me.
  • Proverbs 31:6 Give strong drink to him who is ready to perish; And wine to the bitter in soul:
  • Isaiah 8:22 and they shall look to the earth, and see, distress and darkness, the gloom of anguish; and into thick darkness [they shall be] driven away.
  • Isaiah 9:19 Through the wrath of Yahweh of hosts is the land burnt up; and the people are as the fuel of fire: no man spares his brother.
  • Isaiah 16:10 Gladness is taken away, and joy out of the fruitful field; and in the vineyards there shall be no singing, neither joyful noise: nobody shall tread out wine in the presses; I have made the [vintage] shout to cease.
  • Isaiah 24:7–9 The new wine mourns, the vine languishes, all the merry-hearted do sigh.
  • Isaiah 32:13 On the land of my people shall come up thorns and briers; yes, on all the houses of joy in the joyous city.
  • Jeremiah 48:33 Gladness and joy is taken away from the fruitful field and from the land of Moab; and I have caused wine to cease from the wine presses: none shall tread with shouting; the shouting shall be no shouting.
  • Lamentations 5:14–15 The elders have ceased from the gate, The young men from their music.
  • Joel 1:15 Alas for the day! For the day of Yahweh is at hand, And it will come as destruction from the Almighty.
  • Amos 5:16–20 Therefore thus says Yahweh, the God of hosts, the Lord: "Wailing will be in all the broad ways; And they will say in all the streets, 'Alas! Alas!' And they will call the farmer to mourning, And those who are skillful in lamentation to wailing.
  • Matthew 22:11–13 But when the king came in to see the guests, he saw there a man who didn't have on wedding clothing,
  • Luke 16:25 "But Abraham said, 'Son, remember that you, in your lifetime, received your good things, and Lazarus, in like manner, bad things. But now here he is comforted and you are in anguish.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Isaiah 24:11 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

צְוָחָ֥ה עַל הַיַּ֖יִן בַּֽחוּצ֑וֹת עָֽרְבָה֙ כָּל שִׂמְחָ֔ה גָּלָ֖ה מְשׂ֥וֹשׂ הָאָֽרֶץ

There is a crying in the streets because of the wine; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Isaiah 24:11 Septuagint · lemma form

ὀλολύζω περί ὁ οἶνος πανταχῇ παύω πᾶς εὐφροσύνη ὁ γῆ

There is a howling for the wine everywhere; all the mirth of the land has ceased, all the mirth of the land has departed.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

On this verse, Adam Clarke's Commentary discusses the Septuagint’s reading. Read the note in Commentary ↓

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    מְצַוְחִין עַל חַמְרָא בְּשׁוּקַיָא שְׁלֵימַת כָּל חֶדְוָתָא גְלָא בִּיעַ מִן אַרְעָא:

    They cry for wine in the streets; all joy is ended: all gladness is removed from the land.

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Isaiah 24:11 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Isa 24:11 [There is] a crying for wine in the streets; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone.

Ver. 11. There is a crying for wine.] The drunkards weep, the ale stakes yell, because the new wine is cut off from their mouths. {Joe 1:5}

All joy is darkened.] Heb., It is eventide with joy. As the air in the evening waxeth dark, so shall their mirth be turned into heaviness.

The mirth of the land is gone.] Together with their liquor. Wine is by Simonides called the expeller of sadness - Aμυντωρ δυσφροσυναων..

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Tyndale Open Study Notes

Tyndale Open Resources

24:11 Gladness has been banished from the land, not by edict, but because there is no reason to celebrate.

Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

Because they did not use God’s benefits aright, their pleasures should fail, and they fall to mourning.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

crying for wine--to drown their sorrows in drink (Isa 16:9); Joe 1:5, written about the same time, resembles this.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 11. All joy is darkened - "All gladness is passed away"] For ערבה arebah, darkened, read עברה aberah, passed away, transposing a letter. Houbigant, Secker. Five of Dr. Kennicott's and five of De Rossi's MSS., several ancient, add כל col, all, after משוש mesos: the Septuagint adds the same word before it.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(11) There is a crying for wine in the streets.—Literally, because of wine in the fields. The Hebrew noun for the latter word hovers between the meaning of an open place within and one without a city. The context seems in favour of the latter sense. Men weep in the fields because there is no vintage.

All joy is darkened.—The English verb exactly expresses the force of the Hebrew, which is used, as in Jdg_19:9, of the gloom of sunset. (Comp. Mic_3:6.) The light of joy had passed into the blackness of darkness.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

11. a crying for wine] Rather, as R.V.: a crying because of the wine. The word for streets, meaning strictly “that which is without,” is by some rendered “fields”; but this is less natural.

the mirth of the earth is gone] Lit. “gone into exile.”

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

There is a crying for wine in the streets,.... Not to them that have it, to come and sell it, as Kimchi; but for want of it: there shall be a howling and lamentation in the streets of Rome, during the siege of it, when there will be a famine of bread and of wine, as in Rev 18:8 by those who used to drink wine, and make glad their hearts; but now shall be without it. This is put for all desirable things, which their souls lusted after; but now will be departed from them, Rev 18:14,

all joy is darkened: or come to an eventide; the light of joy is turned into the darkness of misery and distress; this will be, when the fifth vial is poured out on the seat of the beast, and his kingdom will be full of darkness; and men will gnaw their tongues for pain, and yet not repent of their sins, but blaspheme the God of heaven, Rev 16:10,

the mirth of the land is gone; not Jerusalem, the joy of the whole earth, as Jarchi; but the mirth and joy of the city of Rome; See Gill on Isa 24:8.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

There is a crying for wine in the streets - The inhabitants of the city, turned from their dwellings, would cry for wine to alleviate their distress, and to sustain them in their calamity (compare Isa 16:8-10).

All joy is darkened - Is gone, or has departed, like the joyful light at the setting of the sun.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

There is a crying for wine; for the want or loss of their wine, and spoil of their vines, whereby they were deprived of the means both of their delight and profit; whereby he intimates their gross sensuality and sottishhess, that instead of crying for their sins, and humbling themselves under God’s judgments, did only howl for their corn, and wine, and oil, as they did, Hos 7:14.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

11. Crying for wine — Not to cheer, but to drown thought. Joe_1:5.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

There is a crying for wine in the streets. Wine, though still manufactured (see vers. 7, 9) is scarce, but is much sought after. Men clamor for it at the doors of the wine-shops, but are unable to obtain it. They crave for its exhilarating effects, or perhaps for the oblivion which it brings when drunk to excess. If they could obtain it, they would act as the Jews in the siege of Jerusalem. (Isa_22:13) But they cannot. Hence even the factitious merriment, which wine is capable of producing, is denied now to the inhabitants of the earth, with whom all joy is darkened, from whom all mirth is gone.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

A crying - Such was their gross sensuality and sottishness, that instead of crying for their sins, they did only howl for their corn, and wine, and oil, Hosea vii, 14.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

J. A. Alexander on Isaiah

Joseph Addison Alexander

“A cry for wine in the streets-darkened is all joy-departed is the gladness of the earth.” The cry meant is that of the perishing inhabitants for necessary refreshment, perhaps with special reference to the sick and wounded or to children.

Joseph Addison Alexander, The Prophecies of Isaiah (1846–1847; New York: Scribner, 1870–1878) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

is darkened (עָרְבָה), is darkened.

the joy of the land That is Jerusalem.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Ibn Ezra

Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra

צוחה A crying.

על מקום היין ═ על היין In the place of wine.

In the streets. Publicly.

ערבה Is darkened. Comp. עֶרֶב evening.

Ibn Ezra on the Tanakh — English translations: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “Yalkut, Sifsei Chachomim Chumash, Metsudah Publications, 2009” (CC BY 4.0); and “Commentary of Ibn Ezra on Isaiah - trans. by M. Friedlander, 1873” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Isaiah, in the Prophets, opens this verse with 10 words (10 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʻârab (“to become evening”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “to become evening” (ʻârab) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. How does Judges 19:9, which shares the word «to become evening», read alongside this verse?
  3. The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
  4. «עָֽרְבָה֙» is a Qal Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
  5. Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Tyndale Open Study Notes read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

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Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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