Exodus 2:4

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Exodus 2:4 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Exodus 2:4 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/exodus/2/4.

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English Translation
His sister stood far off, to see what would be done to him.
World English Bible · Public Domain
Highlights
  • 1 first appearance in the Hebrew Bible
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    His sister stood far off, to see what would be done to him.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And his sister stood afar off, to wit what would be done to him.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And his sister stationed herself at a distance to know what would be done to him.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    His sister stood far off, to see what would be done to him.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    And his sister stood at a distance to see what would happen to him.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    And his sister stood at a distance to see what would happen to him.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And his sister stood afar off, to wit what would be done to him.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And his sister stood afar off, to know what would be done to him.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And his sister stood afar off, to know what would be done to him.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    Now his sister stood a farre off, to wit what would come of him.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    His sister standing afar off, and taking notice what would be done.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and his sister stationeth herself afar off, to know what is done to him.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and his sister stations herself far off, to know what is done to him.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    His sister stood at a distance to see what would happen to him.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And his sister stationed herself at a distance to know what would be done to him.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And his sister stood afar off to see what would happen to him.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    His sister stood far off, to see what would be done to him.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And his sister stood afar off, to know what would be done to him.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    His sister waited some distance away, keeping an eye on him.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    And his sister took her place at a distance to see what would become of him.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And his sister stood afar off, to know what would be done to him.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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וַתֵּתַצַּ֥ב
yâtsab
H3320
“and · to stand”
Conjunction + Verb, Hithpael, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Feminine, Singular
Part of Speech
Conjunction + Verb
Stem
Hithpael
Form
Sequential Imperfect
Person
3rd Person
Gender
Feminine
Number
Singular
Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 894

to place, set, stand, set or station oneself, present oneself - (Hithpael) to station oneself, take one's stand, stand, present oneself, stand with someone
  1. אֲחֹת֖וֹ ʼâchôwth H269 “sister · his” Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  2. מֵרָחֹ֑ק râchôwq H7350 “from · far” Preposition + Adjective, Adjective, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  3. לְדֵעָ֕ה yâdaʻ H3045 “to know” Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct
  4. מַה mâh H4100 “what” Particle, Interrogative
  5. יֵּעָשֶׂ֖ה ʻâsâh H6213 “to do” Verb, Niphal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

7
words
6
distinct lemmas
Pentateuch
section

First appearance in Scripture

This word makes its first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

  • וַתֵּתַצַּ֥ב to stand H3320

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וַתֵּתַצַּ֥ב to stand H3320 occurs in 45 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 3 verbs
  • 1 noun
  • 1 adjective
  • 1 preposition
  • 1 particle

Verb forms

  • וַתֵּתַצַּ֥ב Hithpael · Sequential Imperfect
  • לְדֵעָ֕ה Qal · Infinitive Construct
  • יֵּעָשֶׂ֖ה Niphal · Imperfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 13 words from the Hebrew and 15 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 7 Hebrew tokens and 11 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

5

Topical passages linked to Exodus 2:4 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • Numbers 26:59 The name of Amram's wife was Jochebed, the daughter of Levi, who was born to Levi in Egypt: and she bore to Amram Aaron and Moses, and Miriam their sister.
  • Exodus 15:20 Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a tambourine in her hand; and all the women went out after her with tambourines and with dances.
  • Micah 6:4 For I brought you up out of the land of Egypt, And redeemed you out of the house of bondage. I sent before you Moses, Aaron, and Miriam.
  • Numbers 20:1 The children of Israel, even the whole congregation, came into the wilderness of Zin in the first month: and the people abode in Kadesh; and Miriam died there, and was buried there.
  • Numbers 12:1–15 Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses because of the Cushite woman whom he had married; for he had married a Cushite woman.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Exodus 2:4 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַתֵּתַצַּ֥ב אֲחֹת֖וֹ מֵרָחֹ֑ק לְדֵעָ֕ה מַה יֵּעָשֶׂ֖ה לֽוֹ

His sister stood far off, to see what would be done to him.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Exodus 2:4 Septuagint · lemma form

καί κατασκοπεύω ὁ ἀδελφή αὐτός μακρόθεν μανθάνω τίς ὁ ἀποβαίνω αὐτός

And his sister was watching from a distance, to learn what would happen to him.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

2

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וְאִתְעַתָּדַת אֲחָתֵהּ מֵרָחִיק לְמִידַע מָה יִתְעֲבֵד לֵהּ:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

  2. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וְאִתְעֲתָּדַת מִרְיָם אַחְתֵיהּ מֵרָחִיק לְאִתְחַכְּמָא מָה יִתְעֲבֵד לֵיהּ

    And Miriam his sister stood at a distance to take knowledge of what would be done to him.

    Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Exodus 2:4 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Exo 2:4 And his sister stood afar off, to wit what would be done to him.

Ver. 4. And his sister.] By a singular instinct of the Holy Spirit, as appears by the event. "The steps of a good man are ordered by the Lord." {Psa 37:23} "He keepeth the feet of his saints." {1Sa 2:9}

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

his sister--Miriam would probably be a girl of ten or twelve years of age at the time.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(4) His sister.—Presumably Miriam, the only sister of Moses mentioned elsewhere (Exo_15:20-21; Num_26:59). To have taken the part which is assigned her in this chapter, she must have been a girl of some fourteen or fifteen years of age, and possessed of much quickness and intelligence.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

4. stood] took her stand (Exo_19:17).

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And his sister stood afar off,.... This was Miriam, as the Targum of Jonathan expresses it; who is supposed to be about ten or twelve years of age, others say seven: she was placed (e), as the word may be rendered, by her parents, or, "she placed herself" (f), by their instruction, at some distance from the place where the ark was, that she might not be observed and be thought to belong to it, and yet so near as to observe what became of it, which was the intent of her standing there, as follows:

to wit what would be done to him; to know, take notice, and observe, what should happen to it, if anyone took it up, and what they did with it, and where they carried it, for, "to wit" is an old English word, which signifies "to know", and is the sense of the Hebrew word to which it answers, see Co2 8:1.

(e) "collocata fuerat", Vatablus. (f) "Stiterat sese", Junius & Tremellius, "stitit sese", Piscator, Drusius.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

His sister, Mary, who was born at the beginning of this persecution, and was therefore called bitterness. (Haydock) --- She was about 12 years old. (Menochius)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

His sister stood afar off, that she might not be thought to have laid the child there, or to be related to it. This she might very probably guess, both from the circumstances in which she found him, and from the singular fairness and beauty of the child, far differing from the Egyptian hue; and she might certainly know it by its circumcision.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

4. His sister — Probably Miriam, who is the only sister named in the history. Num_26:59. The mother has now exhausted all her skill; she can think of but one thing more — to station Miriam afar off. And now, if ever, JAHVEH-JIREH, “The Lord will provide.” Gen_22:14.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

His sister. There can be no reasonable doubt that this is the "Miriam" of the later narrative (Exo_15:20, Exo_15:21; Num_20:1) who seems to have been Moses" only sister. (Num_26:59) She was probably set to watch by her mother.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Exodus, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 7 words (6 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is yâtsab (“to stand”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “to stand” (yâtsab) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. The word “to stand” first appears here in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
  3. Exodus 8:20 shares the word «to stand» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  4. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  5. The verb «וַתֵּתַצַּ֥ב» is Hithpael Sequential Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
  6. Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Jamieson, Fausset & Brown read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

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Old Testament edition

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English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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