2 Chronicles 21:5

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 2 Chronicles 21:5 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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2 Chronicles 21:5 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/2-chronicles/21/5.

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English Translation
Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty and two years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    A son of 32 years Jehoram was when he became king, and eight years he reigned in Jerusalem.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eight years.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem eight years.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty and two years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty and two years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty and two years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    Iehoram was two and thirtie yeere olde, when he began to reigne, and he reigned eyght yeere in Ierusalem.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    Joram was two and thirty years old when he began to reign: and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    A son of thirty and two years `is' Jehoram in his reigning, and eight years he hath reigned in Jerusalem,
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    Jehoram [is] a son of thirty-two years in his reigning, and he has reigned eight years in Jerusalem,
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he began to reign, and he reigned for eight years in Jerusalem.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    A son of 32 years Jehoram was when he became king, and eight years he reigned in Jerusalem.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty and two years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    Jehoram was thirty-two when he became king, and he reigned in Jerusalem for eight years.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he became king; and he was ruling in Jerusalem for eight years.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    Jehoram was thirty and two years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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יְהוֹרָ֣ם
Yᵉhôwrâm
H3088
“Jehoram”
Noun, Proper
Part of Speech
Noun
Type
Proper
Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H3068 and H7311

TWOT: None

Jehoram or Joram = "Jehovah is exalted" - son of king Jehoshaphat of Judah and himself king of Judah for 8 years; his wife was the wicked Athaliah who was probably the instigator for his returning the nation of Judah to the worship of Baal - son of king Ahab of the northern kingdom of Israel and king of Israel himself for 12 years; he was murdered by Jehu on the plot of land for which his father had murdered Naboth thus fulfilling the prophecy of Elijah to the very letter - a priest in the reign of Jehoshaphat
  1. בֶּן bên H1121 “son of” Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
  2. שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים shᵉlôwshîym H7970 “thirty” Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute
  3. וּשְׁתַּ֛יִם shᵉnayim H8147 “and · two” Conjunction + Adjective, Cardinal number, Feminine, Dual, Absolute
  4. שָׁנָ֖ה shâneh H8141 “year” Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  5. בְּמָלְכ֑וֹ mâlak H4427 “in/at · to reign · him” Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  6. וּשְׁמוֹנֶ֣ה shᵉmôneh H8083 “and · eight” Conjunction + Adjective, Cardinal number, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  7. שָׁנִ֔ים shâneh H8141 “years” Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Absolute
  8. מָלַ֖ךְ mâlak H4427 “to reign” Verb, Qal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  9. בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם Yᵉrûwshâlaim H3389 “in/at · Jerusalem” Preposition + Noun, Proper

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

10
words
8
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

יְהוֹרָ֣ם Jehoram H3088 occurs in 26 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 2 verbs
  • 5 nouns
  • 3 adjectives

Verb forms

  • בְּמָלְכ֑וֹ Qal · Infinitive Construct
  • מָלַ֖ךְ Qal · Perfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • שָׁנָ֖ה year H8141 ×2
  • בְּמָלְכ֑וֹ to reign H4427 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 17 words from the Hebrew and 20 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 10 Hebrew tokens and 18 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

1

Topical passages linked to 2 Chronicles 21:5 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • 2 Kings 8:17–22 Thirty-two years old was he when he began to reign; and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 2 Chronicles 21:5 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

בֶּן שְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים וּשְׁתַּ֛יִם שָׁנָ֖ה יְהוֹרָ֣ם בְּמָלְכ֑וֹ וּשְׁמוֹנֶ֣ה שָׁנִ֔ים מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם

Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he began to reign; and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 2 Chronicles 21:5 Septuagint · lemma form

εἰμί αὐτός τριάκοντα καί δύο ἔτος καταἵστημι ιωραμ ἐπί ὁ βασιλεία αὐτός καί ὀκτώ ἔτος βασιλεύω ἐν ἰερουσαλήμ

When he was thirty and two years old, Joram succeeded to his kingdom, and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 2 Chronicles 21:5 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

JEHORAM’S IDOLATRY. THE REVOLT OF EDOM AND LIBNAH

(2Ch_21:5-11).

This section is parallel with 2Ki_8:17-22.

(5) Jehoram was thirty and two years old.—2Ki_8:17, “he was;” because the name had just occurred in the former verse.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

2Ch 21:5 Jehoram [was] thirty and two years old when he began to reign, and he reigned eight years in Jerusalem.

Ver. 5. Jehoram was thirty and two.] See 2Ki 8:17.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Joseph Benson's Commentary

2Ch 21:5. Jehoram was, &c. — Of this and several of the following verses, see notes on 2Ki 8:17, &c.

Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Tyndale Open Study Notes

Tyndale Open Resources

21:5 After a three-year co-regency with his father, Jehoram reigned from 848 to 841 BC.

Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

John Gill's Exposition

And there came a writing to him from Elijah the prophet,.... Not what was written by him after his ascension to heaven, and from thence came to Jehoram, even seven years after that, as say some Jewish writers (z); nor was it a writing from another person of the same name in those times, since of such an one we nowhere read; nor from Elisha bearing the name of Elijah, having a double portion of his spirit on him, since he is never so called; but this was a writing of Elijah's before his ascension, who, foreseeing by a spirit of prophecy what Jehoram would be guilty of, wrote this, and gave it to one of the prophets, as Kimchi suggests, and most probably to Elisha, to communicate it to him at a proper time; and who might, as the above writer intimates, think it came immediately from heaven:

saying, thus saith the Lord God of David thy father; and from whose God he had departed, and to which ancestor of his he was so much unlike:

because thou hast not walked in the ways of Jehoshaphat thy father, nor in the ways of Asa king of Judah; neither trod in the steps of his father nor grandfather.

(z) Seder Olam Rabba, c. 17. Ganz. Tzemach David, par. 1. fol. 12. 1. A. M. 3050.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Of this, and 2Ch 21:6-10, See Poole "2Ki 8:17".

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

He reigned eight years. This rejoin dates to begin with the twenty-second or twenty-third year of the reign of his father Jehoshaphat, according to note on ver. 1, above. The parallel of 2Ki_8:17-21 may be consulted for our vers. 5-11; our vers. 11, 13 expound in clearer detail the "evil" that Jehoram wrought than the narrative of Kings.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Keil & Delitzsch

C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch

Duration and spirit of Joram's reign. - These verses agree with Kg2 8:17-22, with the exception of some immaterial divergences, and have been commented upon in the remarks on that passage. - In Ch2 21:7 the thought is somewhat otherwise expressed than in Kg2 8:19 : "Jahve would not destroy the house of David, because of the covenant that He had made with David;" instead of, "He would not destroy Judah because of David His servant, as He had said." Instead of לבניו ניר לו לתת we have in the Chronicle וּלבניו ניר לו לתת, to give him a lamp, and that in respect of his sons, w being inserted before לבניו to bring the idea more prominently forward. In regard to שׂריו עם, Ch2 21:9, instead of צעירה, Kg2 8:21, see on 2 Kings loc. cit. At the end of Ch2 21:9 the words, "and the people fled to their tents" (Kg2 8:21), whereby the notice of Joram's attempt to bring Edom again under his sway, which is in itself obscure enough, becomes yet more obscure.

Keil & Delitzsch — Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament (1861–1891) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API. (Old Testament only.)

Scofield Reference Notes

C. I. Scofield

began

Began, that is, as co-king. 2Ch 22:2 (See Scofield "2Ch 21:1").

The Scofield Reference Bible (1917 edition), notes by C. I. Scofield — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

2 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 10 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Yᵉhôwrâm (“Jehoram”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “Jehoram” (Yᵉhôwrâm) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. 1 Kings 22:50 shares the word «Jehoram» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  3. “year” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
  4. These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
  5. The verb «בְּמָלְכ֑וֹ» is Qal Infinitive Construct. How does its form color the action?
  6. Reading how Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers and Trapp's Complete Commentary read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

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Old Testament
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English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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