1 Chronicles 27:3

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

[He was] of the children of Perez, the chief of all the captains of the host for the first month.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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פֶ֗רֶץ

Perets

H6557

“Perez”

Noun, Proper

Appears 15× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Genesis 38:29

Full BDB Definition

Origin: the same as H6556

TWOT: None

Perez or Pharez = "breach" - twin son with Zarah of Judah by Tamar and ancestor of two families of Judah, the Hezronites and Hamulites; from the Hezronites came the royal line of David and Christ

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

9: words
9: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is פֶ֗רֶץ Perez H6557 — appearing just 15 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

פֶ֗רֶץ Perez H6557 occurs in 13 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

7 nouns
1 adjective
1 preposition

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 20 words from the Hebrew and 19 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 9 Hebrew tokens and 14 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 1 Chronicles 27:3 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Numbers 26:20 The sons of Judah after their families were: of Shelah, the family of the Shelanites; of Perez, the family of the Perezites; of Zerah, the family of the Zerahites.
Genesis 38:29 It happened, as he drew back his hand, that behold, his brother came out, and she said, "Why have you made a breach for yourself?" Therefore his name was called Perez.
Genesis 49:8–10 "Judah, your brothers will praise you: Your hand will be on the neck of your enemies; Your father's sons will bow down before you.
Numbers 7:12 He who offered his offering the first day was Nahshon the son of Amminadab, of the tribe of Judah,
Numbers 10:14 In the first [place] the standard of the camp of the children of Judah set forward according to their hosts: and over his host was Nahshon the son of Amminadab.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Chronicles 27:3 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

מִן בְּנֵי פֶ֗רֶץ הָרֹ֛אשׁ לְכָל שָׂרֵ֥י הַצְּבָא֖וֹת לַחֹ֥דֶשׁ הָרִאשֽׁוֹן

[He was] of the children of Perez, the chief of all the captains of the host for the first month.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Chronicles 27:3 Septuagint · lemma form

ἀπό ὁ υἱός φαρες ἄρχων πᾶς ὁ ἄρχων ὁ δύναμις ὁ μήν ὁ πρῶτος

Of the sons of Tharez one was chief of all the captains of the host for the first month.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 1 Chronicles 27:3 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(3) Of the children of Perez.—The reference is to Jashobeam. He belonged to the branch of Judah called Perez, or Pharez, to which David himself belonged.

The chief of all the captains of the host for the first month.—This notice about Jashobeam is obscure. The “captains of the host” (Heb., hosts) seem to be the twelve generals of division. (Comp. 1Ch_27:5.) Jashobeam, as the first of David’s heroes, may have enjoyed a kind of precedence among the commanders of the army corps; although he was not commander-in-chief of the entire national forces, which was the function of Joab. Or perhaps it is meant merely to emphasise the fact that Jashobeam was “the first” in the rotation of the generals; so that the phrase “for the first month” explains what precedes it. Or “the captains of the hosts” may possibly mean the officers of the subdivisions of the first army corps, of whom Jashobeam was, of course, the chief. The context appears to favour this last explanation.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

3. Of the children of Perez was the chief] R.V. He was of the children of Perez, the chief. Perez is the Pharez (R.V. “Perez”) of 1Ch_2:4-5.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Of Perez; or, of Pharez, of the posterity of Judah, Gen 46:12. This seems to be understood of Jashobeam, and to be mentioned as a reason why he was the chief, &c.; and the verse may be rendered thus, He was (which is easily understood out of the foregoing words) of the children of Perez, (and consequently of the tribe of Judah, to which the pre-eminence belonged, and of which Perez was,) and he was (or, therefore he was)

the chief (to wit, in dignity and precedency, though not in power and authority, for these captains were equal in power, and Joab was their general)

of all the captains of the host, ( whose several names here follow,) and was

for the first month; therefore he was first in order, and was captain for the first month.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

This verse tells us that Jasho-beam belonged to the tribe of Judah, through Perez, the fourth son of Judah. (1Ch_2:4)

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

the chief of all the leaders of the hosts Jashabeam was [one] of the sons of Perez, and he was the chief of all the twelve leaders, and because he was [one] of the sons of Perez, David appointed him chief.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 9 words (9 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Perets (“Perez”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “Perez” (Perets) shape what this verse is saying?
How does Genesis 38:29, which shares the word «Perez», read alongside this verse?
These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
Compare how Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers and The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

This verse counts 9 Hebrew ↔ 14 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 8 words in this verse.
9 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 9 words in this verse.