Judges 11:14

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

Jephthah sent messengers again to the king of the children of Ammon;

World English Bible · Public Domain

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יִפְתָּ֑ח

Yiphtâch

H3316

“Jephthah”

Noun, Proper

Appears 30× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Joshua 15:43

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H6605

TWOT: None

Jephthah or Jiphtah = "he opens" - a son of Gilead and a concubine and the judge who defeated the Ammonites; after the victory because of a vow taken before the battle he sacrificed his daughter as a burnt offering (noun proper masculine) - a city in Judah (noun proper locative)

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

9: words
9: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Shared distinctive vocabulary

יִפְתָּ֑ח Jephthah H3316 occurs in 26 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
5 nouns
1 preposition
1 adverb

Verb forms

וַיּ֥וֹסֶף Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect
וַיִּשְׁלַח֙ Qal · Sequential Imperfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 12 words from the Hebrew and 13 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 9 Hebrew tokens and 11 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Judges 11:14 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Psalms 120:7 I am for peace, But when I speak, they are for war.
Romans 12:18 If it is possible, as much as it is up to you, be at peace with all men.
Hebrews 12:14 Follow after peace with all men, and the sanctification without which no man will see the Lord,
1 Peter 3:11 Let him turn away from evil, and do good. Let him seek peace, and pursue it.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Judges 11:14 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיּ֥וֹסֶף ע֖וֹד יִפְתָּ֑ח וַיִּשְׁלַח֙ מַלְאָכִ֔ים אֶל מֶ֖לֶךְ בְּנֵ֥י עַמּֽוֹן

Jephthah sent messengers again to the king of the children of Ammon;

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Judges 11:14 Septuagint · lemma form

καί προςτίθημι ἔτι ιεφθαε καί ἀποστέλλω ἄγγελος πρός βασιλεύς υἱός αμμων

And Jephthae again sent messengers to the king of the children of Ammon,

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וְאוֹסִיף עוֹד יִפְתָּח וּשְׁלַח אִזְגַדִין לְוַת מַלְכָא דִבְנֵי עַמוֹן:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Judges 11:14 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Jdg 11:14 And Jephthah sent messengers again unto the king of the children of Ammon:

Ver. 14. And Jephthah sent messengers again.] By whom, negat ac pernegat, he utterly denieth that they had at all wronged the Ammonites.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(14, 15) And Jephthah sent messengers again.—Jephthah disputes the king of Amnion’s facts, and supports his denial of them by an historic retrospect (Jdg_11:16-24).

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And Jephthah sent messengers again unto the king of the children of Ammon. Being willing to give him all the satisfaction he could, and if possible live peaceably with him, and prevent the effusion of blood.

And Jephthah sent messengers again unto the king of the children of Ammon. Being willing to give him all the satisfaction he could, and if possible live peaceably with him, and prevent the effusion of blood.

Judges 11:15

jdg 11:15

jdg 11:15

jdg 11:15And said unto him,.... By his messengers:

thus saith Jephthah; in a majestic style, as governor of Israel:

Israel took not away the land of Moab, nor the land of the children of Ammon; they were charged not to take any, nor did they take any that belonged to any of these countries, or that was then in the possession of either of them, Deu 2:9 what they did take was in the hands of Sihon and Og, and they had obtained it by conquest, and so no more belonging to either of these.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

he said

Here the word "he" refers to the messenger who was speaking to the king. This may be written with the word "they" as in the UDB, referring to the group of messengers. AT: "Jephthah told the messengers to say" or "they said" (See: Assumed Knowledge and Implicit Information)

they came up from Egypt

Whenever people traveled to the promised land it is referred to as going "up" to the promised land. When the Israelites left Egypt they were on their way to the promised land. AT: "they left Egypt" (See: Idiom)

translationWords

Moab

desert

Sea of Reeds

Kadesh

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Judges, in the Historical, opens this verse with 9 words (9 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Yiphtâch (“Jephthah”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

The word Yiphtâch carries the sense “Jephthah.” How does it shape the verse?
How does Joshua 15:43, which shares the word «Jephthah», read alongside this verse?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
«וַיּ֥וֹסֶף» is a Hiphil Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

This verse counts 9 Hebrew ↔ 11 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 3 words in this verse.
9 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 9 words in this verse.