Exodus 39:31

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) Exodus 39:31 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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Exodus 39:31 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/exodus/39/31.

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English Translation
They tied to it a lace of blue, to fasten it on the turban above, as Yahweh commanded Moses.
World English Bible · Public Domain
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    They tied to it a lace of blue, to fasten it on the turban above, as Yahweh commanded Moses.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And they tied unto it a lace of blue, to fasten it on high upon the mitre; as the LORD commanded Moses.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And they put a cord of blue on it to attach it on the top of the turban, just as Yahweh had commanded Moses.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    They tied to it a lace of blue, to fasten it on the turban above, as Yahweh commanded Moses.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    Then they fastened to it a blue cord to mount it on the turban, just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    Then they fastened to it a blue cord to mount it on the turban, just as the LORD had commanded Moses.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    And they tied unto it a lace of blue, to fasten it on high upon the mitre; as the LORD commanded Moses.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    And they tied unto it a lace of blue, to fasten it upon the mitre above; as Jehovah commanded Moses.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    And they tied unto it a lace of blue, to fasten it upon the mitre above; as the LORD commanded Moses.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    And they tied vnto it a lace of blewe silke to fasten it on hie vpon the miter, as the Lord had commanded Moses.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    So all the work of the tabernacle and of the roof of the testimony was finished: and the children of Israel did all things which the Lord had commanded Moses.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    and they put on it a ribbon of blue, to put `it' on the mitre above, as Jehovah hath commanded Moses.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    and they put a ribbon of blue on it, to put [it] on the turban above, as YHWH has commanded Moses.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    They attached to the turban a blue cord to the top of the turban. This was as Yahweh had commanded Moses.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    And they put a cord of blue on it to attach it on the top of the turban, just as Yahweh had commanded Moses.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    And they fastened to it a lace of blue, to fasten [it] on the turban above; as Jehovah had commanded Moses.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    They tied to it a lace of blue, to fasten it on the turban above, as the LORD commanded Moses.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    And they tied to it a lace of blue, to fasten it on high upon the miter; as the LORD commanded Moses.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    They tied a blue cord to it to attach it to the front of the turban, as the Lord had ordered Moses to do.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    It was fixed to the head-dress by a blue cord, as the Lord had given orders to Moses.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    And they tied unto it a thread of blue, to fasten it upon the mitre above; as the LORD commanded Moses.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

Word by word

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פְּתִ֣יל
pâthîyl
H6616
“cord of”
Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct
Part of Speech
Noun
Type
Common
Gender
Masculine
Number
Singular
State
Construct
Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H6617

TWOT: 1857a

cord, thread (twisted)
  1. וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ nâthan H5414 “and · to give” Conjunction + Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural
  2. עָלָיו֙ ʻal H5921 “upon · him” Preposition + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  3. תְּכֵ֔לֶת tᵉkêleth H8504 “violet” Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  4. לָתֵ֥ת nâthan H5414 “to give” Preposition + Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct
  5. עַל ʻal H5921 “upon” Preposition
  6. הַמִּצְנֶ֖פֶת mitsnepheth H4701 “the · turban” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Absolute
  7. מִלְמָ֑עְלָה maʻal H4605 “from · to/for · above · toward” Preposition + Preposition + Adverb + Suffix, Demonstrative
  8. כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר ʼăsher H834 “like/as · which” Preposition + Particle, Relative
  9. צִוָּ֥ה tsâvâh H6680 “to command” Verb, Piel, Perfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  10. יְהוָ֖ה Yᵉhôvâh H3068 “LORD” Noun, Proper
  11. אֶת ʼêth H853 “-” Particle, Direct Object
  12. מֹשֶֽׁה Môsheh H4872 “Moses” Noun, Proper

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

13
words
11
distinct lemmas
Pentateuch
section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is פְּתִ֣יל cord H6616 — appearing just 11 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

פְּתִ֣יל cord H6616 occurs in 11 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 3 verbs
  • 5 nouns
  • 2 prepositions
  • 1 adverb
  • 2 particles

Verb forms

  • וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ Qal · Sequential Imperfect
  • לָתֵ֥ת Qal · Infinitive Construct
  • צִוָּ֥ה Piel · Perfect

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ to give H5414 ×2
  • עָלָיו֙ upon H5921 ×2
Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Exodus 39:31 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ עָלָיו֙ פְּתִ֣יל תְּכֵ֔לֶת לָתֵ֥ת עַל הַמִּצְנֶ֖פֶת מִלְמָ֑עְלָה כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יְהוָ֖ה אֶת מֹשֶֽׁה

They tied to it a lace of blue, to fasten it on the turban above, as Yahweh commanded Moses.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from a public-domain English Septuagint. How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

2

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Onkelos Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וִיהָבוּ עֲלוֹהִי חוּטָא תְכֶלְתָּא לְמִתַּן עַל מִצְנֶפְתָּא מִלְעֵלָא כְּמָא דִי פַקִיד יְיָ יָת משֶׁה:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Onkelos — Aramaic: “Onkelos Genesis” (public domain); “Onkelos Exodus” (public domain); “Onkelos Leviticus” (public domain); “Onkelos Numbers” (public domain); “Onkelos Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “J.W. Etheridge. The Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel on the Pentateuch. London: Longmans, Green, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

  2. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan Torah (Genesis–Deuteronomy)
    וְסַדָרוּ עֲלוֹי שְׁזִיר חוּטָא דְתִכְלָא מְטוֹל לְמִתַּן עַל מִצְנֶפְתָּא מִן לְעֵילָא דִתְפִילָתָא דְרֵישָׁא הֵיכְמָא דְפַקֵּיד יְיָ יַת משֶׁה

    And they set upon it a twined ribbon of hyacinth, to put it upon the tiara above the forehead; as the Lord commanded Mosheh.

    Targum Pseudo-Jonathan — Aramaic: “Targum Jonathan on Genesis” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Exodus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Leviticus” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Numbers” (public domain); “Targum Jonathan on Deuteronomy” (public domain). English: “The Targum of Jonathan ben Uzziel, trans. J. W. Etheridge, London, 1862” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Exodus 39:31 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

31. upon the turban above] Comp. on Exo_28:37.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

לתת על המצנפת מלמעלה TO FASTEN IT ON HIGH UPON THE MITRE — and by means of the threads he placed it on the mitre as though it were a kind of crown. It is, however, impossible to say that לתת על המצנפת means to put the plate on the mitre, for in the Treatise on the Slaughter of the Sacrifices (Zevachim 19a) we learn: His (the High Priest’s) hair was visible between the plate and the mitre, whereon he placed the Tephillin”. Now the plate rested on his forehead (cf. Exodus 28:38), consequently the mitre was above (on the crown of the head) and the plate beneath (on the forehead). What then can be the meaning of “to fasten it on high upon the mitre”? Besides, I have put another question about this: here it says, “and they put upon it (the plate) a thread of blue purple” and in the section where the command is given it states, (Exodus 28:37) “And thou shalt put it on a blue purple string” (so that the plate was above the thread, not beneath it as is here commanded). I therefore say that this פתיל of blue purple mentioned here was not an ornament but threads by which to tie it (the plate) on the mitre. For the plate reached only from one ear to the other, so with what could they tie it to his forehead? So blue purple threads were attached to it at its (the plate’s) two ends and on the middle by means of which they tied it on and hung it on the mitre whenever this was on his head. There were two threads on each end (of the plate) one on its upper side and the other underneath, on the side next to the forehead and so also at the middle of it (the plate) — because in this way it was easy to tie it on. Since, however, the way of tying a thing on is by not less than two threads the text is justified in saying both, (Exodus 23:37) “[And thou shalt put it] on a blue purple thread” and here “and they put upon it a thread of blue purple”. He (the High Priest) tied both ends of all of them (of all the threads) together behind him on his neck, and thus placed it (the plate) on the mitre. Do not be puzzled because it does not say “threads of blue purple” seeing that there were many (three double threads altogether), for we find the same thing in the case of the breast-plate and the ephod: (Exodus 28:28) “And they shall fasten the breast-plate by the rings thereof unto the rings of the ephod … with a string (and not with strings) of blue purple” and you must admit that there could not have been less than two strings, for at the two ends of the breast-plate were the two rings of the breast-plate and on the two shoulder-pieces of the ephod were the two rings of the ephod opposite to them. Now according to the way the breast-plate was tied on there were four threads, and under any circumstances with less than two it would have been impossible to tie it on, and yet Scripture speaks of “a string” of blue purple.

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Exodus, in the Pentateuch, opens this verse with 13 words (11 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is pâthîyl (“cord”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. What does “cord” (pâthîyl) contribute to the verse as a whole?
  2. Genesis 38:18 shares the word «cord» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  3. “to give” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
  4. These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
  5. The verb «וַיִּתְּנ֤וּ» is Qal Sequential Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
  6. Reading how The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges and Rashi read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

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