וְאֶת בְּנוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם יִקָּ֑ח לְרַקָּח֥וֹת וּלְטַבָּח֖וֹת וּלְאֹפֽוֹת
He will take your daughters to be perfumers, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.
World English Bible · Public Domain
1 Samuel 8:13
Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Samuel 8:13 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
English Translation
He will take your daughters to be perfumers, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.
Highlights
- 2 hapax legomena — only here in the Hebrew Bible
- 2 first appearances in the Hebrew Bible
Download a study sheet
One document with this verse’s original text, its word-by-word gloss line, the meaning frame, cross-references with their text, attributed commentary, and full source and license credits — printable, and it pastes into notes with its structure intact.
This verse Autodidact and up
A passage Seminary Student
Up to 50 verses in one chapter. A passage sheet keeps up to 6 commentary sources and 12 cross-references per verse, in the order this page ranks them, and says so on the sheet whenever that leaves anything out. Ask for a single verse and you get the Autodidact verse sheet above.
Everything on this page stays free to read, with no account — the sheet is a download of what is already on screen, not access to it.
Want to remove ads?
Support Godless Engineer
Compare translations 3
The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.
Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.
Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.
-
World English Bible Public Domain
He will take your daughters to be perfumers, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.
-
King James Version Public Domain
And he will take your daughters to be confectionaries, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.
-
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
And he will take your daughters for perfumers and for cooks and for bakers.
unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).
Show all 18 translations
Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.
-
World English Bible Public Domain
He will take your daughters to be perfumers, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.
-
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
And he will take your daughters to be perfumers, cooks, and bakers.
-
Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
And he will take your daughters to be perfumers, cooks, and bakers.
-
King James Version Public Domain
And he will take your daughters to be confectionaries, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.
-
American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
And he will take your daughters to be perfumers, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.
-
Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
And he will take your daughters to be confectionaries, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.
-
Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
He will also take your daughters and make them apoticaries, and cookes, and bakers.
-
Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
Your daughters also he will take to make him ointments, and to be his cooks, and bakers.
-
Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
`And your daughters he doth take for perfumers, and for cooks, and for bakers;
-
Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
And he takes your daughters for perfumers, and for cooks, and for bakers;
-
Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
He will also take your daughters to be perfumers, cooks, and bakers.
-
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
And he will take your daughters for perfumers and for cooks and for bakers.
-
Darby Bible Public Domain
And he will take your daughters for perfumers, and cooks, and bakers.
-
World Messianic Bible Public Domain
He will take your daughters to be perfumers, to be cooks, and to be bakers.
-
Webster's Bible Public Domain
And he will take your daughters to be confectioneries, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.
-
Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
He will take your daughters and have them work as perfume-makers, cooks, and bakers.
-
Bible in Basic English Public Domain
Your daughters he will take to be makers of perfumes and cooks and bread-makers.
-
JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
And he will take your daughters to be perfumers, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.
Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).
Word by word
More ways to search: Search by grammar → Find every occurrence → Compare this word →
Practice this passage: Drill this verse → Learn its vocabulary →
לְרַקָּח֥וֹת
raqqâchâh
H7548
“to/for · perfumers”
Preposition + Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Absolute
- Appears 1× in the Hebrew Bible
- First appears here
- Part of Speech
- Preposition + Noun
- Type
- Common
- Gender
- Feminine
- Number
- Plural
- State
- Absolute
Full BDB Definition
ointment-maker (female), perfumer (female)
- וְאֶת ʼêth H853 “and · -” Conjunction + Particle, Direct Object
- בְּנוֹתֵיכֶ֖ם bath H1323 “daughters · your” Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 2nd Person, Masculine, Plural
- יִקָּ֑ח lâqach H3947 “to take” Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
- לְרַקָּח֥וֹת raqqâchâh H7548 “to/for · perfumers” Preposition + Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Absolute
- וּלְטַבָּח֖וֹת ṭabbâchâh H2879 “and · to/for · cooks” Conjunction + Preposition + Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Absolute
- וּלְאֹפֽוֹת ʼâphâh H644 “and · to/for · baking” Conjunction + Preposition + Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Feminine, Plural, Absolute
About this verse
These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →
- 6
- words
- 6
- distinct lemmas
- Historical
- section
Notable vocabulary
2 hapax legomena — words that appear only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:
First appearance in Scripture
These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:
Shared distinctive vocabulary
וּלְאֹפֽוֹת to bake H644 occurs in 24 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:
Grammatical profile
- 2 verbs
- 3 nouns
- 1 particle
Verb forms
- יִקָּ֑ח Qal · Imperfect
- וּלְאֹפֽוֹת Qal · Participle Active
Hebrew & Septuagint length
In English translation the verse runs 16 words from the Hebrew and 13 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.
A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.
Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.
Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint
The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.
These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.
καί ὁ θυγάτηρ σύ λαμβάνω εἰς μυρεψός καί εἰς μαγείρισσα καί εἰς πέσσω
And he will take your daughters to be perfumers, and cooks, and bakers.
LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain
Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →
Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)
The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.
-
Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
וְיַת בְּנָתֵיכוֹן יְדַבֵּר לְשַׁמָשָׁן וּלְטָבְּחָן וּלְאָפָן:
(no public-domain English translation for this verse)
Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.
Lesson kit
Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.
1 Samuel, in the Historical, opens this verse with 6 words (6 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is raqqâchâh (“perfumer”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.
Discussion questions
- How does “perfumer” (raqqâchâh) shape what this verse is saying?
- This verse holds 2 words here found nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. What might the rare words draw attention to?
- 2 words here appear for the first time in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
- Genesis 19:3 shares the word «to bake» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
- These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
- The verb «יִקָּ֑ח» is Qal Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
- Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Joseph Benson's Commentary read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?
Things to notice
- 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible.
- 2 words make their first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
- These translations choose different wording for 2 words in this verse.
- 6 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 6 words in this verse.
Commentary
Notes on 1 Samuel 8:13 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.
Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →
Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp
John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Joseph Benson's Commentary
Joseph Benson's Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1811–1818) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown
Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne
The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
John Gill's Exposition
John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.
Matthew Poole's English Annotations
Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.
The Pulpit Commentary
The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.
John Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.
unfoldingWord translationNotes
Door43 World Missions Community
unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.
Rashi
Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)
Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.