1 Kings 21:12

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

They proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

Septuagint runs longer here — compare

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נָב֖וֹת

Nâbôwth

H5022

“Naboth”

Noun, Proper

Appears 22× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at 1 Kings 21:1

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from the same as H5011

TWOT: None

Naboth = "fruits" - the vineyard owner of Jezreel who Ahab and Jezebel had killed so that they could have his vineyard

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

7: words
7: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is נָב֖וֹת Naboth H5022 — appearing just 22 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

נָב֖וֹת Naboth H5022 occurs in 18 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
4 nouns
1 particle

Verb forms

קָרְא֖וּ Qal · Perfect
וְהֹשִׁ֥יבוּ Hiphil · Perfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 12 words from the Hebrew and 39 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the Septuagint runs noticeably longer here. See the side-by-side →

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 1 Kings 21:12 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Isaiah 58:4 Behold, you fast for strife and contention, and to strike with the fist of wickedness: you don't fast this day so as to make your voice to be heard on high.
1 Kings 21:8–10 So she wrote letters in Ahab's name, and sealed them with his seal, and sent the letters to the elders and to the nobles who were in his city, [and] who lived with Naboth.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

Here the Septuagint runs noticeably longer than the Hebrew — LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) 39 words vs World English Bible 12. A rough length comparison of the two English translations, not a word-level alignment — read both below.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Kings 21:12 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

קָרְא֖וּ צ֑וֹם וְהֹשִׁ֥יבוּ אֶת נָב֖וֹת בְּרֹ֥אשׁ הָעָֽם

They proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Kings 21:12 Septuagint · lemma form

καί γίγνομαι ὅτε ἀποκρίνω αὐτός ὁ λόγος οὗτος πίνω εἰμί αὐτός καί πᾶς ὁ βασιλεύς μετά αὐτός ἐν σκηνή καί εἶπον ὁ παῖς αὐτός οἰκοδομέω χάραξ καί τίθημι χάραξ ἐπί ὁ πόλις

And it came to pass when he returned him this answer, he and all the kings with him were drinking in tents: and he said to his servants, Form a trench. And they made a trench against the city.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

גְזַרוּ צוֹמָא וְאוֹתִיבוּ יַת נָבוֹת בְּרֵישׁ עַמָא:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 1 Kings 21:12 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

1Ki 21:12 They proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people.

Ver. 12. They proclaimed a fast.] See on 1Ki 21:9.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

Then they sent to Jezebel, saying, Naboth is stoned, and is dead. Not only stoned, but stoned to death. This message was sent to her from the magistrates of Jezreel; for though the letters came in Ahab's name, they might be privately informed that this was a scheme of Jezebel's; besides, they knew she had the sway at court, and especially that the news of this man's death would be acceptable to her, and the more if he was of the 7000 that would not bow the knee to Baal.

Then they sent to Jezebel, saying, Naboth is stoned, and is dead. Not only stoned, but stoned to death. This message was sent to her from the magistrates of Jezreel; for though the letters came in Ahab's name, they might be privately informed that this was a scheme of Jezebel's; besides, they knew she had the sway at court, and especially that the news of this man's death would be acceptable to her, and the more if he was of the 7000 that would not bow the knee to Baal.

1 Kings 21:15

kg1 21:15

kg1 21:15

kg1 21:15And it came to pass when Jezebel heard that Naboth was stoned, and was dead, that Jezebel said to Ahab,.... To whom she communicated the news as soon as possible:

arise, take possession of the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, which he refused to give thee for money, for Naboth is not alive, but dead; some think that Naboth was a near relation to Ahab, his father's brother's son (e); which they endeavour to support from his estate lying next to Ahab's, and from his being ordered to be set in an high place among the people; and Josephus, as before observed, says he was of illustrious descent; and so Ahab upon his death, his sons being also put to death with him, was next heir to his estate; and therefore Jezebel bid him enter on the possession of it, he being dead, and his sons also, and therefore there was nothing in his way to obstruct him: but rather her meaning is, that Naboth was dead, not of a natural but violent death, by the hand of the civil magistrate; as for blasphemy against God, so for treason against the king, in virtue of which his estate was forfeited to the crown, and that Ahab had a right to possess it; and so it was certainly condemned in later times however among the Jews, that if a man was condemned to die by the sanhedrim, his goods came to his heirs, but if for treason against the king, they ceded to him (f).

(e) T. Bab. Sanhedrin, fol. 48. 2. (f) Sanhed. ib.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

The Pulpit Commentary

They proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Kings, in the Historical, opens this verse with 7 words (7 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Nâbôwth (“Naboth”). The Greek Septuagint runs longer here. A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “Naboth” (Nâbôwth) shape what this verse is saying?
How does 1 Kings 21:1, which shares the word «Naboth», read alongside this verse?
The Septuagint runs longer here than the Hebrew. What might account for the difference?
These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
«קָרְא֖וּ» is a Qal Perfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and John Gill's Exposition read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

These translations choose different wording for 5 words in this verse.
7 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 7 words in this verse.