עָנַשׁ
to fine
also: amerce, punish, condemn, mulct fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Qal verb in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
Stem
- Niphal
- Usually the simple passive or reflexive of the Qal (“he was written”).
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”). Here: ‘punish’
Form
- Perfect
- A completed action or state — Hebrew marks aspect (completeness) more than strict tense (“he wrote”).
- Sequential Perfect
- A perfect with prefixed waw continuing a preceding imperfect or command (waw-consecutive perfect).
- Sequential Imperfect
- An imperfect with prefixed waw — the standard past-narrative form (waw-consecutive imperfect).
- Infinitive Construct
- A bound verbal noun, frequently with prepositions (“to write / in writing”).
- Imperfect
- An incomplete, ongoing, or future action (“he will / would write”).
- Infinitive Absolute
- An unbound verbal noun, often intensifying or standing in for a finite verb.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Person
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
Gender
- Common
- Either gender — not distinguished for this form.
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
- Singular
- One.
Grammatical forms
- Verb, Niphal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural 2 times (22%)
- Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct 2 times (22%)
- Verb, Qal, Sequential Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural 1 time (11%)
- Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular 1 time (11%)
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute 1 time (11%)
- Verb, Niphal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular 1 time (11%)
- Verb, Qal, Infinitive Absolute 1 time (11%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 9 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H6064 appears — 8 distinct verses across 5 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Exodus 1 verse
Deuteronomy 1 verse
2 Chronicles 1 verse
Proverbs 4 verses
- Proverbs 17:26 עֲנ֣וֹשׁ Qal inf.cs Also to punish the righteous is not good, Nor to flog officials for their integrity.
- Proverbs 21:11 בַּ/עְנָשׁ prep + Qal inf.cs When the mocker is punished, the simple gains wisdom; When the wise is instructed, he receives knowledge.
- Proverbs 22:3 וְֽ/נֶעֱנָֽשׁוּ conj + Niphal pf 3cp A prudent man sees danger, and hides himself; But the simple pass on, and suffer for it.
- Proverbs 27:12 נֶעֱנָֽשׁוּ Niphal pf 3cp A prudent man sees danger and takes refuge; But the simple pass on, and suffer for it:
Amos 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
ענש (ʻânash) is a Hebrew verb most often rendered “to fine.” It clusters heavily in Proverbs, which alone accounts for 50% of its uses. With 8 verses in 5 books, it is an uncommon word in the Hebrew Bible. It first appears in Exodus 21:22. Read the stem: it spans 2 stems, including Qal and Niphal. The sections below give every sense, occurrence, and version rendering.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H6064 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 8
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 8 distinct verses.
- 5 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 5 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #2,481
- by frequency
- Top 2500 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 2,481 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 8 occurrences in the concordance →
Most concentrated in
- Proverbs 4 verses 50%
- Exodus 1 verse 13%
- Deuteronomy 1 verse 13%
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 8 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 5 verses · 63%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 2 verses · 25%
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 1 verse · 13%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Are punished 2×, Condemned 2×
- American Standard Version: Fined 2×, Suffer for it 2×
- Berean Standard Bible: He shall surely be fined 1×, Imposed 1×, Is punished 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: They are fined 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H6064 across 9 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 5 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H6064 across 9 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 5 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H6064 across 8 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H6064 across 10 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 8 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each.
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 2 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
Qal
- = punish
Niphal
- . he shall be strictly fined
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
[ עָנַשׁ ] vb. denom. fine, mulct
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
עָנַשׁ
- [to press,] to punish, fine. Zeb. 106ᵇ, a. e., לא ע׳ וכ׳, v. זָהַר. Snh. 54ᵃ, a. fr. אין עוֹנְשִׁין מן הדין, v. דִּין II.—Ib. 43ᵇ לא ע׳ על הנסתרות the Lord did not punish undiscovered transgressions (committed in Israel’s camps). Ib. 54ᵇ ע׳ והזהיר the text defines the penalty, and forbids the act; a. fr.—Part. pass. עָנוּשׁ punishable. Yeb. 47ᵃ ע׳ כרת doomed to extinction; ע׳ סקילה doomed to death by stoning; a. e.
- to be punished; to suffer. Sabb. 56ᵃ; Kidd. 43ᵃ (ref. to II Sam. XII, 9) מה חרב … אין אתה נ׳ עליו וכ׳ as well as thou art not to be punished for the use of the sword against the sons of Ammon, so shalt thou not be punished for the death of Uriah the Hittite. Sabb. 149ᵇ כל שחבירו נ׳ על ידו וכ׳ he through whose instrumentality a fellowman was punished (who was instrumental in causing a fellowman to sin), will not be entered within the precincts of the Lord. Yoma 22ᵇ מפני מה נ׳ שאול for what sin was Saul made to suffer? R. Hash. 16ᵇ; B. Kam. 93ᵃ, a. e. המוסר … הוא נ׳ תחלה he who appeals to the Lord for judgment against his neighbor, will himself be the first to be punished. Snh. 8ᵃ על דבר זה נ׳ משה for saying this (‘you shall bring to me’, Deut. I, 17) Moses had to suffer (by being compelled to admit his own incapability, Num. XXVII, 5); a. fr. e.g. 2 Samuel 12:9
עֲנַשׁ
- Men. 41ᵃ עַנְשִׁיתוּ אעשה do you (in heaven) punish a sin of omission? בזמן דאיכא ריתחא עַנְשִׁינָן when there is a time of divine anger, we do punish.
- to be punished. Erub. 63ᵃ ואי׳ רבי וכ׳ and R. Elazar … was punished (came to grief). Ib. bot. אפ"ה אי׳ nevertheless he came to grief (was degraded). Succ. 51ᵇ מ"ט אִיעַנְּשׁוּ why were they punished (to suffer execution under Hadrian)? Snh. 43ᵇ ועד השתא מ"ט לא אִיעֲנוּשׁ and up to that time why were they (the Israelites) not punished (for Achan’s misdeeds)? Ib. 44ᵃ top עכן מ"ט איענוש (supply עליה) why were they punished for Achan’s (undiscovered) sin?; Yalk. Josh. 18 עכן מ"ט איענש why was Achan’s sin visited (upon the people)? Bets. 16ᵃ לא לִיעַנְּשׁוּ וכ׳ (not לע׳) let gentiles not be punished for neglecting it; a. fr.
עֹנֶשׁ
- , v. עוֹנֶשׁ
עֲנָשׁ
- constr. = h. עוֹנֶשׁ, fine, confiscation. Ezra VII, 26, quot. M. Kat. 16ᵃ e.g. Ezra 7:26
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 9 distinct written forms H6064 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| בַּ/עְנָשׁ | Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct | Proverbs 21:11 | 1 |
| וְ/עָנְשׁ֨וּ | Verb, Qal, Sequential Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural | Deuteronomy 22:19 | 1 |
| וְֽ/נֶעֱנָֽשׁוּ | Verb, Niphal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural | Proverbs 22:3 | 1 |
| וַֽ/יַּעֲנֹשׁ֙ | Verb, Qal, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular | 2 Chronicles 36:3 | 1 |
| יֵעָנֵ֗שׁ | Verb, Niphal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular | Exodus 21:22 | 1 |
| נֶעֱנָֽשׁוּ | Verb, Niphal, Perfect, 3rd Person, Common, Plural | Proverbs 27:12 | 1 |
| עֲנ֣וֹשׁ | Verb, Qal, Infinitive Construct | Proverbs 17:26 | 1 |
| עֲנוּשִׁים֙ | Noun, Common, Masculine, Plural, Absolute | Amos 2:8 | 1 |
| עָנ֣וֹשׁ | Verb, Qal, Infinitive Absolute | Exodus 21:22 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H6064, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 8 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 8 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
