Joshua 13:20

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

and Beth Peor, and the slopes of Pisgah, and Beth-jeshimoth,

World English Bible · Public Domain

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Word by word

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וְאַשְׁדּ֥וֹת

ʼăshêdâh

H794

“and · foundations of”

Conjunction + Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Construct

Appears 6× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Deuteronomy 3:17

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H793

TWOT: 174b

foundation, slope

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

6: words
4: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is וְאַשְׁדּ֥וֹת foundation H794 — appearing just 6 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

וְאַשְׁדּ֥וֹת foundation H794 occurs in 6 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

6 nouns

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

וּבֵ֥ית Beth-peor H1047 ×2
וּבֵ֥ית Beth-jesimoth H1020 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 10 words from the Hebrew and 7 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 6 Hebrew tokens and 7 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Joshua 13:20 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Deuteronomy 4:46 beyond the Jordan, in the valley over against Beth Peor, in the land of Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived at Heshbon, whom Moses and the children of Israel struck, when they came forth out of Egypt.
Joshua 12:3 and the Arabah to the sea of Chinneroth, eastward, and to the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the way to Beth-jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah:
Numbers 25:3 Israel joined himself to Baal Peor: and the anger of Yahweh was kindled against Israel.
Numbers 33:49 They encamped by the Jordan, from Beth-jeshimoth even to Abel Shittim in the plains of Moab.
Deuteronomy 3:17 the Arabah also, and the Jordan and the border [of it], from Chinnereth even to the sea of the Arabah, the Salt Sea, under the slopes of Pisgah eastward.
Ezekiel 25:9 therefore, behold, I will open the side of Moab from the cities, from his cities which are on his frontiers, the glory of the country, Beth-jeshimoth, Baal Meon, and Kiriathaim,

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Joshua 13:20 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וּבֵ֥ית פְּע֛וֹר וְאַשְׁדּ֥וֹת הַפִּסְגָּ֖ה וּבֵ֥ית הַיְשִׁמֽוֹת

and Beth Peor, and the slopes of Pisgah, and Beth-jeshimoth,

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Joshua 13:20 Septuagint · lemma form

καί βαιθφογωρ καί ασηδωθ φασγα καί βαιθασιμωθ

and Baethphogor, and Asedoth Phasga, and Baetthasinoth,

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וּבֵית פְּעוֹר וּמַשְׁפַּךְ מְרָמָתָא וּבֵית יְשִׁמוֹת:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Joshua 13:20 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Adam Clarke's Commentary

Verse 20. Beth-peor] The house or temple of Peor, situated at the foot of the mountain of the same name. See Nu 25:3.

Adam Clarke's Commentary on the Bible (1810–1826) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

20. and Beth-peor] A place dedicated to the god Baal-peor, on the east of the Jordan opposite Jericho, about six miles above Libias or Beth-haran. Comp. Deu_3:29; Deu_4:46.

and Ashdoth-pisgah] See ch. Jos_12:3.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And all the cities of the plain,.... In the champaign country, as well as those in the mountainous part:

and all the kingdom of Sihon; or, as Masius renders the words, "which all had been the kingdom of Sihon"; for the whole kingdom of Sihon was not given to Reuben, only a part of it, and the rest to Gad, as in Jos 13:27,

king of the Amorites, which reigned in Heshbon; as in Jos 13:10,

whom Moses smote with the princes of Midian, Evi, and Rekem, and Zur,

and Hur, and Reba; not at the same time that Sihon was smitten by him, but afterwards in a war with Midian, Num 31:8; where their names are given as here; and there they are called kings of Midian, petty kings, and, as it seems by what follows, were subject to Sihon, and therefore are here mentioned:

which were dukes of Sihon dwelling in the country; for Midian, as Kimchi supposes, and not without reason, was under the government of Sihon, and these were his nobles, though they dwelt in the land of Midian.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

20. Beth-peor — That is, house of Peor. The town probably got its name from having been the chief seat of the worship of the Moabite god Baal-peor. Num_25:3-5. It was situated on or beside Mount Peor, and close to the valley where the Israelites encamped immediately before descending into the plain of the Jordan. Deu_3:29. It was in this valley — apparently the modern Wady Hesban — Moses was buried, (Deu_34:6,) and Mount Pisgah, on which he died, could not have been far distant to the south. The valley of Heshbon has never been fully explored. “Whatever traveller may succeed in doing so will be rewarded by the discovery of the ruins of Beth-peor, and the closest approximation that has yet been made to the place of Moses’ sepulchre.” — J.L. Potter. Ashdoth-pisgah and

Beth-jeshimoth — See notes on Jos_12:3.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

Beth Peor ... Pisgah ... Beth Jeshimoth ... Heshbon

These are the names of places. (See: How to Translate Names)

Sihon ... Evi ... Rekem ... Zur ... Hur ... Reba

These are the names of people. (See: How to Translate Names)

together with the leaders of Midian

"as he had defeated the leaders of Midian"

translationWords

Reuben

kingdom

Amorite

Midian

prince

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Joshua, in the Historical, opens this verse with 6 words (4 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʼăshêdâh (“foundation”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “foundation” (ʼăshêdâh) shape what this verse is saying?
Deuteronomy 3:17 shares the word «foundation» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
“Beth-peor” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
Reading how Adam Clarke's Commentary and The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

This verse counts 6 Hebrew ↔ 7 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 9 words in this verse.
“Beth-peor” occurs 2× in this single verse.
4 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 6 words in this verse.