Acts 22:7

Greek (Tischendorf 8th ed.)

English Translation

I fell to the ground, and heard a voice saying to me, 'Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me?'

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

1 hapax legomenon — only here in the Greek New Testament
1 first appearance in the Greek New Testament

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ἔδαφος

édaphos

G1475

“bottom”

Noun, Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Appears 1× in the Greek New Testament
First appears here

Full Thayer's Definition

Origin: from the base of G1476

TDNT: None

1. bottom, base, ground

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

15: words
13: distinct lemmas
Acts: section

Notable vocabulary

1 hapax legomenon — a word that appears only here in the entire Greek New Testament:

ἔδαφος bottom G1475

First appearance in Scripture

This word makes its first canonical appearance in the Greek New Testament here:

ἔδαφος bottom G1475

Shared distinctive vocabulary

Σαοὺλ Saul G4549 occurs in 6 verses of the Greek New Testament. Also found in:

Repetition

Words recur within this verse:

Σαοὺλ Saul G4549 ×2
μοι I G1473 ×2

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Acts 22:7 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Jeremiah 2:9 Therefore I will yet contend with you, says Yahweh, and with your children's children will I contend.
Matthew 25:45 "Then he will answer them, saying, 'Most assuredly I tell you, inasmuch as you didn't do it to one of the least of these, you didn't do it to me.'
1 Timothy 1:13 although I was before a blasphemer, a persecutor, and insolent. However, I obtained mercy, because I did it ignorantly in unbelief.
Genesis 3:9 Yahweh God called to the man, and said to him, "Where are you?"
Genesis 16:8 He said, "Hagar, Sarai's handmaid, where did you come from? Where are you going?" She said, "I am fleeing from the face of my mistress Sarai."
Genesis 22:1 It happened after these things, that God tested Abraham, and said to him, "Abraham!" He said, "Here I am."
Genesis 22:11 The angel of Yahweh called to him out of the sky, and said, "Abraham, Abraham!" He said, "Here I am."
Exodus 3:4 When Yahweh saw that he turned aside to see, God called to him out of the midst of the bush, and said, "Moses! Moses!" He said, "Here I am."

1 Samuel 3:10 Yahweh came, and stood, and called as at other times, Samuel, Samuel. Then Samuel said, Speak; for your servant hears.
Isaiah 43:22–26 Yet you have not called on me, Jacob; but you have been weary of me, Israel.
Jeremiah 2:5 thus says Yahweh, What unrighteousness have your fathers found in me, that they have gone far from me, and have walked after vanity, and are become vain?
Matthew 27:23 But the governor said, "Why? What evil has he done?" But they cried out exceedingly, saying, "Let him be crucified!"

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Commentary

Notes on Acts 22:7 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Expositor's Greek Testament

ed. W. Robertson Nicoll

Act 22:7 . ἔπεσον : on the form ἔπεσα W.H [366] see Kennedy, Sources of N.T. Greek , p. 159, Winer-Schmiedel, p. 111. ἔδαφος : only here in N.T. (in LXX, 1Ki 6:15 , Wis 11:5 , etc., and in 4Ma 6:7 , πίπτων εἰς τὸ ἕδ .), but the verb ἐδαφίζειν is found in Luk 19:44 , and there only in N.T. ἤκουσα φωνῆς , see on Act 9:4 ; Act 9:7 , cf. Dan 10:6-9 . Σαοὺλ , Σαοὺλ , as in Act 9:4 , see note on Act 26:14 (and cf. reading in [367] text).

[366] Westcott and Hort’s The New Testament in Greek: Critical Text and Notes.

[367] R(omana), in Blass, a first rough copy of St. Luke.

The Expositor's Greek Testament, edited by W. Robertson Nicoll (1897–1910) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(7) Saul, Saul . . .—We have again, as in Act_9:4, the Hebrew form of the name.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

7. and heard a voice] As in chap. Act_9:4; Act_9:7, so here, and below in Act_22:9, the case of the noun is varied, so as to mark that the hearing in St Paul’s case was different from the hearing of his companions. The verb can be connected with either a genitive or accusative case. In both the narratives a variation is made, and it was not without its significance (see notes on chap. 9). St Paul heard intelligible words, the others heard a sound, but it was not speech to them. Cp. the narrative in Dan_10:6-9.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And I fell unto the ground,.... And so did those that were with him, Act 26:14.

And heard a voice, saying unto me, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me? See Gill on Act 9:4.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

7 And I fell unto the ground, and heard a voice saying unto me, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?

Ver. 7. {See Trapp on "Act 9:4"}

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Saul, Saul; as men that call another earnestly repeat his name; as when the angel of the Lord called Abraham, Abraham, Gen 22:11.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

McGarvey & Pendleton's Commentaries

J. W. McGarvey

See notes on verse 3

J. W. McGarvey (with Philip Y. Pendleton), Commentaries on the New Testament (The Fourfold Gospel, 1914; Acts; and the epistles) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges

7. ἤκουσα φωνῆς, I heard a voice. As in chap. Act 9:4; Act 9:7, so here, and below in Act 22:9, the case of the noun is varied, so as to mark that the hearing in St Paul’s case was different from the hearing of his companions. The verb can be connected with either a genitive or accusative case. In both the narratives a variation is made, and it was not without its significance (see notes on chap. 9). St Paul heard intelligible words, the others heard a sound, but it was not speech to them. Cf. the narrative in Dan 10:6-9.

Cambridge Greek Testament for Schools and Colleges (Cambridge University Press, 1896; 21 vols, various authors incl. Carr, Maclear, Plummer, Farrar, Lumby, Moule, M. R. James, Simcox) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Acts, in the Acts, opens this verse with 15 words (13 distinct Greek lemmas). Its most distinctive word is édaphos (“bottom”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “bottom” (édaphos) shape what this verse is saying?
This verse holds 1 word here found nowhere else in the Greek New Testament. What might the rare word draw attention to?
The word “bottom” first appears here in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
Acts 9:4 shares the word «Saul» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
“Saul” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
These translations render this verse differently. What is at stake in choosing one wording over another?
Reading how Expositor's Greek Testament and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in the Greek New Testament.
1 word makes its first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
These translations choose different wording for 3 words in this verse.
“Saul” occurs 2× in this single verse.
13 distinct Greek lemmas span 15 words in this verse.