1 Kings 4:18

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Kings 4:18 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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1 Kings 4:18 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/1-kings/4/18.

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English Translation
Shimei the son of Ela, in Benjamin;
World English Bible · Public Domain
Highlights
  • 1 hapax legomenon — only here in the Hebrew Bible
  • 1 first appearance in the Hebrew Bible
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Shimei the son of Ela, in Benjamin;
  • King James Version Public Domain
    Shimei the son of Elah, in Benjamin:
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    Shimei, the son of Ela, in Benjamin.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

3 of 4 selected

Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    Shimei the son of Ela, in Benjamin;
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    Shimei son of Ela in Benjamin;
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    Shimei son of Ela in Benjamin;
  • King James Version Public Domain
    Shimei the son of Elah, in Benjamin:
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    Shimei the son of Ela, in Benjamin;
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    Shimei the son of Ela, in Benjamin:
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    Shimei the sonne of Elah in Beniamin:
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    Semei the son of Ela in Benjamin.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    Shimei Ben-Elah `is' in Benjamin.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    Shimei Ben-Elah [is] in Benjamin;
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    Shimei son of Ela, in Benjamin;
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    Shimei, the son of Ela, in Benjamin.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    Shimei the son of Ela, in Benjamin.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    Shimei the son of Ela, in Benjamin;
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    Shimei the son of Elah, in Benjamin:
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    Shimei, son of Ela, in Benjamin;
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    Shimei, the son of Ela, in Benjamin;
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    Shimei the son of Ela, in Benjamin;

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

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About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

4
words
4
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

1 hapax legomenon — a word that appears only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:

  • אֵלָ֖א Elah H414

First appearance in Scripture

This word makes its first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

  • אֵלָ֖א Elah H414

Shared distinctive vocabulary

שִׁמְעִ֥י Shimei H8096 occurs in 40 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 4 nouns

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 7 words from the Hebrew and 6 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

Cross-references

3

Topical passages linked to 1 Kings 4:18 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

  • 1 Kings 1:8 But Zadok the priest, and Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and Nathan the prophet, and Shimei, and Rei, and the mighty men who belonged to David, were not with Adonijah.
  • Joshua 18:20–28 The Jordan was the border of it on the east quarter. This was the inheritance of the children of Benjamin, by the borders of it round about, according to their families.
  • Zechariah 12:13 the family of the house of Levi apart, and their wives apart; the family of the Shimeites apart, and their wives apart;

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Kings 4:18 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

שִׁמְעִ֥י בֶן אֵלָ֖א בְּבִנְיָמִֽן

Shimei the son of Ela, in Benjamin;

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Kings 4:18 Septuagint · lemma form

γαβερ υἱός αδαι ἐν ὁ γῆ γαδ γῆ σηων βασιλεύς ὁ εσεβων καί ωγ βασιλεύς ὁ βασαν καί νασιφ εἷς ἐν γῆ ιουδα

Semei son of Ela, in Benjamin.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

1

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

  1. Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)
    שִׁמְעִי בַר אֵלָא בְּשִׁבְטָא דְבֵית בִנְיָמִן:

    (no public-domain English translation for this verse)

    Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 1 Kings 4:18 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

1Ki 4:18 Shimei the son of Elah, in Benjamin:

Ver. 18. Shimei the son of Elah.] See on 1Ki 1:8.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(18) The eleventh division, the territory of Benjamin (properly including Jerusalem itself), though small, is singularly strong and populous, including Jericho, Bethel, Gibeon, Ramah, extending from Judah to Ephraim, and commanding the centre of the high land of what was afterwards the kingdom of Judah.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

18. Elah] The usual manner of transliteration requires Ela, like Baana in 16.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Gill's Exposition

And Solomon reigned over all kingdoms,.... Not only over Judah and Israel, but all people round about him, they standing in fear of him; or who brought him presents, or paid tribute to him, which was an acknowledgment of superiority over them, and doing homage to him:

from the river unto the land of the Philistines, and unto the border of Egypt; that is, from the river Euphrates, as the Targum, which was the border of his proper domains to the east, to Palestine, inhabited by the Philistines, which lay to the west, and as far as the border of Egypt, which was the southern boundary; a like and larger extent of Christ's kingdom is given, Psa 72:8;

and they brought presents, and served Solomon all the days of his life; this explains in what sense other kingdoms besides were ruled by Solomon, and subject to him; of Christ his antitype, see Psa 72:10.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

The son of Elah; which he adds to distinguish him from that cursed and cursing Shimei, 2Sa 16:5.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

18. Benjamin — See at Jos_18:11-28.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

Shimei the son of Elah by some identified with the Shimei of chapter 1:8. But see note there, in Benjamin. It is noteworthy that Shimei was a Benjamite name, 2Sa_16:5, 2Sa_16:11.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

General Information:

The list of Solomon's officials and the areas of which they were in charge continues.

Shimei ... Ela ... Geber ... Uri ... Sihon ... Og

men's names (See: How to Translate Names)

Benjamin

tribal land named for a son of Israel (See: How to Translate Names)

Gilead ... Bashan

names of pieces of land (See: How to Translate Names)

the country of Sihon

"the land that in earlier years belonged to Sihon"

Amorites

the name of a people group (See: How to Translate Names)

in the land

Here "the land" refers to the land of Judah; the previous officials presided over different parts of Israel.

translationWords

Shimei

Benjamin

Gilead

king

Amorite

Bashan

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Kings, in the Historical, opens this verse with 4 words (4 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is ʼÊlâʼ (“Elah”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. What does “Elah” (ʼÊlâʼ) contribute to the verse as a whole?
  2. This verse holds 1 word here found nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. What might the rare word draw attention to?
  3. The word “Elah” first appears here in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
  4. Exodus 6:17 shares the word «Shimei» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  5. These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
  6. Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

  • 1 word in this verse appears nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible.
  • 1 word makes its first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
  • These translations choose different wording for 2 words in this verse.
  • 4 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 4 words in this verse.

Reading settings

Reading text

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Old Testament
Old Testament edition

Read the OT as the Masoretic Hebrew (MT) or the Greek Septuagint (LXX).

English shown for the Greek Septuagint (in the Hebrew ↔ Greek comparison).

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