Joshua 9:2

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

that they gathered themselves together, to fight with Joshua and with Israel, with one accord.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ

qâbats

H6908

“and · to gather”

Conjunction + Verb, Hithpael, Sequential Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural

Appears 127× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Genesis 41:35

Full BDB Definition

Origin: a primitive root

TWOT: 1983

to gather, assemble - (Qal) to gather, collect, assemble - (Niphal) - to assemble, gather - to be gathered - (Piel) to gather, gather together, take away - (Pual) to be gathered together - (Hithpael) to gather together, be gathered together

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

9: words
8: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
3 nouns
1 adjective
2 prepositions
1 adverb

Verb forms

וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ Hithpael · Sequential Imperfect
לְהִלָּחֵ֥ם Niphal · Infinitive Construct

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

עִם with H5973 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 15 words from the Hebrew and 15 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — the same length.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Joshua 9:2 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

2 Chronicles 20:1–30 It happened after this, that the children of Moab, and the children of Ammon, and with them some of the Ammonites, came against Jehoshaphat to battle.
Psalms 2:1–2 Why do the nations rage, And the peoples plot a vain thing?
Psalms 83:2–8 For, behold, your enemies are stirred up. Those who hate you have lifted up their heads.
Proverbs 11:21 Most assuredly, the evil man will not be unpunished, But the seed of the righteous will be delivered.
Isaiah 8:9–10 Make an uproar, O you peoples, and be broken in pieces! And give ear, all you of far countries: gird yourselves, and be broken in pieces! Gird yourselves, and be broken in pieces!
Isaiah 8:12 Don't you say, "A conspiracy!" concerning all about which this people shall say, "A conspiracy!" neither fear their fear, nor be in dread [of it].
Isaiah 54:15 Behold, they may gather together, but not by me: whoever shall gather together against you shall fall because of you.
Joel 3:9–13 Proclaim this among the nations: Prepare war. Stir up the mighty men. Let all the warriors draw near. Let them come up.

Acts 4:26–28 The kings of the earth take a stand, And the rulers take council together, Against the Lord, and against his Christ.'
Revelation 16:14 for they are spirits of demons, performing signs; which go forth to the kings of the whole inhabited earth, to gather them together for the war of that great day of God, the Almighty.
Revelation 20:8–9 and he will come out to deceive the nations which are in the four corners of the earth, Gog and Magog, to gather them together to the war; the number of whom is as the sand of the sea.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Joshua 9:2 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ יַחְדָּ֔ו לְהִלָּחֵ֥ם עִם יְהוֹשֻׁ֖עַ וְעִם יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל פֶּ֖ה אֶחָֽד

that they gathered themselves together, to fight with Joshua and with Israel, with one accord.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Joshua 9:2 Septuagint · lemma form

συνἔρχομαι ἐπί ὁ αὐτός ἐκπολεμέω ἰησοῦς καί ἰσραήλ ἅμα πᾶς τότε οἰκοδομέω ἰησοῦς θυσιαστήριον κύριος ὁ θεός ἰσραήλ ἐν ὄρος γαιβαλ καθότι ἐντέλλομαι μωυσῆς ὁ θεράπων κύριος ὁ υἱός ἰσραήλ καθά γράφω ἐν ὁ νόμος μωυσῆς θυσιαστήριον λίθος ὁλόκληρος ἐπί ὅς οὐ ἐπιβάλλω σίδηρος καί ἀναβιβάζω ἐκεῖ ὁλοκαύτωμα κύριος καί θυσία σωτήριον καί γράφω ἰησοῦς ἐπί ὁ λίθος ὁ δευτερονόμιον νόμος μωυσῆς ὅς γράφω ἐνώπιον υἱός ἰσραήλ καί πᾶς ἰσραήλ καί ὁ πρεσβύτερος αὐτός καί ὁ δικαστής καί ὁ γραμματεύς αὐτός παραπορεύομαι ἔνθεν καί ἔνθεν ὁ κιβωτός ἀπέναντι καί ὁ ἱερεύς καί ὁ λευίτης αἴρω ὁ κιβωτός ὁ διαθήκη κύριος καί ὁ προσήλυτος καί ὁ αὐτόχθων ὅς εἰμί ἥμισυς πλησίον ὄρος γαριζιν καί ὅς εἰμί ἥμισυς πλησίον ὄρος γαιβαλ καθότι ἐντέλλομαι μωυσῆς ὁ θεράπων κύριος εὐλογέω ὁ λαός ἐν πρῶτος καί μετά οὗτος οὕτως ἀναγιγνώσκω ἰησοῦς πᾶς ὁ ῥῆμα ὁ νόμος οὗτος ὁ εὐλογία καί ὁ κατάρα κατά πᾶς ὁ γράφω ἐν ὁ νόμος μωυσῆς οὐ εἰμί ῥῆμα ἀπό πᾶς ὅς ἐντέλλομαι μωυσῆς ὁ ἰησοῦς ὅς οὐ ἀναγιγνώσκω ἰησοῦς εἰς ὁ οὖς πᾶς ἐκκλησία υἱός ἰσραήλ ὁ ἀνήρ καί ὁ γυνή καί ὁ παιδίον καί ὁ προσήλυτος ὁ προςπορεύομαι ὁ ἰσραήλ

they came all together at the same time to make war against Joshua and Israel.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וְאִתְכְּנָשׁוּ כַּחֲדָא לְאַגָחָא קְרָבָא עִם יְהוֹשֻׁעַ וְעִם יִשְׂרָאֵל סִיעָא חָדָא:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Joshua 9:2 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Jos 9:2 That they gathered themselves together, to fight with Joshua and with Israel, with one accord.

Ver. 2. That they gathered themselves together, &c.] Herein they showed themselves far wiser than our forefathers, of whom Tacitus testifieth upon his own experience, for he had been in Brittany with his father-in-law Agricola, that nothing more disadvantaged them against the Romans, who conquered them, than dissension, that mother of dissolution. Seldom did two or three cities convene or combine: Ita dum singuli pugnant, universi vincuntur, and so when they cannot agree to fight together, they are undone together.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Tyndale Open Study Notes

Tyndale Open Resources

9:2 Chapter 10 provides a more complete description of these kings and their reasons for forming a coalition to fight . . . the Israelites.

Tyndale Open Study Notes — © Tyndale Open Resources, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

Hebrew, one mouth.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown

Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset & David Brown

they gathered themselves together, to fight with Joshua and with Israel, with one accord--Although divided by separate interests and often at war with each other, a sense of common danger prompted them to suspend their mutual animosities, that by their united forces they might prevent the land from falling into the hands of foreign masters.

Jamieson, Fausset & Brown — Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

John Gill's Exposition

That they gathered themselves together to fight with Joshua,

and with Israel,.... Not at this time, but they met together to consult what was proper to be done in order to secure themselves, and their people, and put a stop to the successes of the arms of Israel; and for this purpose entered into alliances with each other to assist one another, or at a convenient time and place to join their forces together, and attack Israel, as afterwards they did, Jos 11:1; and this they did

with one accord; were unanimous in their councils and resolutions; they all confederated together, and agreed as one man to make a common cause of it, and oppose Israel with their united forces.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

They gathered themselves together; not actually, as the following history shows; but they entered into a league or confederation to do this.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

2. Gathered themselves together — It is not singular that rival and jealous States did not combine till the dread of a victorious foe, already in the heart of their territory, compelled them to unite for their common safety. Had wise statesmanship dwelt in their councils, their confederated hosts would have confronted Joshua on the banks of the Jordan. [

To fight with Joshua — How Joshua suddenly surprised and conquered the southern nations of this confederacy is told in chap. x, and how he subdued the northern tribes, and others who escaped from the south, will be found in chap. 11. Meantime the writer turns aside to narrate the league of the Gibeonites, which served as the immediate occasion of Joshua’s war with the five Amoritish kings.]

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

With one accord. One mouth, according to the Hebrew, referring not merely to their opinions, but to the expression of them. "O that Israel would learn this of Canaanites, to sacrifice private interests to the public welfare, and to lay aside all animosities among themselves, that they may cordially unite against the common enemies of God"s kingdom" (Matthew Henry).

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

John Wesley's Explanatory Notes

Together - They entered into a league to do this. Tho' they were many kings of different nations, and doubtless of different interests, often at variance with each other, yet they are all determined to unite against Israel. O that Israel would learn this of Canaanites, to sacrifice private interests to the public good, and to lay aside all animosities among themselves, that they may cordially unite against the common enemy.

John Wesley, Explanatory Notes Upon the Whole Bible (1754–1765) — public domain. Text via the GEBible commentary corpus.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Joshua, in the Historical, opens this verse with 9 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is qâbats (“to gather”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “to gather” (qâbats) shape what this verse is saying?
How does 2 Chronicles 20:1–30, which shares this passage’s theme, read alongside this verse?
What does the repetition of “with” (2× in this one verse) do in this verse?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
«וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ» is a Hithpael Sequential Imperfect verb. How does that grammatical form shape the action described?
Compare how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Tyndale Open Study Notes read this verse. Where do they agree or differ?

Things to notice

These translations choose different wording for 3 words in this verse.
“with” occurs 2× in this single verse.
8 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 9 words in this verse.