Ezekiel 46:5

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

and the meal-offering shall be an ephah for the ram, and the meal-offering for the lambs as he is able to give, and a hin of oil to an ephah.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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מַתַּ֣ת

mattâth

H4991

“gift of”

Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Construct

Appears 6× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at 1 Kings 13:7

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H4976 abbrev. form

TWOT: 1443d

gift, reward

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

10: words
8: distinct lemmas
Prophets: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is מַתַּ֣ת gift H4991 — appearing just 6 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

מַתַּ֣ת gift H4991 occurs in 6 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

10 nouns

Repetition

Words recur within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

וּמִנְחָה֙ offering H4503 ×2
אֵיפָ֣ה ephah H374 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 30 words from the Hebrew and 29 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 10 Hebrew tokens and 18 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to Ezekiel 46:5 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Ezekiel 45:24 He shall prepare a meal-offering, an ephah for a bull, and an ephah for a ram, and a hin of oil to an ephah.
Ezekiel 46:7 and he shall prepare a meal-offering, an ephah for the bull, and an ephah for the ram, and for the lambs according as he is able, and a hin of oil to an ephah.
Numbers 28:12 and three tenth parts [of an ephah] of fine flour for a meal-offering, mixed with oil, for each bull; and two tenth parts of fine flour for a meal-offering, mixed with oil, for the one ram;
Deuteronomy 16:17 every man shall give as he is able, according to the blessing of Yahweh your God which he has given you.
Leviticus 14:21 "If he is poor, and can't afford so much, then he shall take one male lamb for a trespass offering to be waved, to make atonement for him, and one tenth of an ephah of fine flour mingled with oil for a meal offering, and a log of oil;
Numbers 6:21 "This is the law of the Nazirite who vows, and of his offering to Yahweh for his separation, besides that which he is able to get. According to his vow which he vows, so he must do after the law of his separation."
Ezekiel 46:11–12 In the feasts and in the solemnities the meal-offering shall be an ephah for a bull, and an ephah for a ram, and for the lambs as he is able to give, and a hin of oil to an ephah.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew Ezekiel 46:5 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וּמִנְחָה֙ אֵיפָ֣ה לָאַ֔יִל וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֥ים מִנְחָ֖ה מַתַּ֣ת יָד֑וֹ וְשֶׁ֖מֶן הִ֥ין לָאֵיפָֽה

and the meal-offering shall be an ephah for the ram, and the meal-offering for the lambs as he is able to give, and a hin of oil to an ephah.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX Ezekiel 46:5 Septuagint · lemma form

καί μαναα πέμμα ὁ κριός καί ὁ ἀμνός θυσία δόμα χείρ αὐτός καί ἔλαιον ὁ ιν ὁ πέμμα

and a free will offering, a meat-offering for the ram, and a meat-offering for the lambs, the gift of his hand, and a hin of oil for the meat-offering.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

וּמִנְחֲתָא מְכִלְתָּא לְדִיכְרָא וּלְאִימְרָא מִנְחָתָא מַדְבֵּק יְדֵיהּ וּמִשְׁחָא מְלוֹ הִינָא לִמְכִלְתָּא:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on Ezekiel 46:5 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Trapp's Complete Commentary

John Trapp

Eze 46:5 And the meat offering [shall be] an ephah for a ram, and the meat offering for the lambs as he shall be able to give, and an hin of oil to an ephah.

Ver. 5. As he shall be able to give.] Heb., The gift of his hand. Some render it, According as it shall be given unto his hand - i.e., as God shall put into his heart to give; and here he is not tied, as in the law, to such a proportion, but left to his Christian liberty.

John Trapp, A Commentary or Exposition upon All the Books of the Old and New Testament (1647–1656) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Geneva Bible (1599)

Geneva Bible translators

That is, as much as he will.

Geneva Bible (1599) marginal notes — public domain. Text via Bolls.life.

John Gill's Exposition

And in the day of the new moon it shall be a young bullock without blemish,.... This is also different from the law of Moses, which required two young bullocks and a ram, and seven lambs, Num 28:11, whereas here only one bullock:

and six lambs, and a ram; they shall be without blemish; and here Kimchi acknowledges again that this is a new thing to be done in future time. Some have observed, that the seven lambs under the law showed that perfection might be hoped for and expected; but, there being but six now, that this is not yet attained, nor will be till the saints get to heaven; though perfection is come by the priesthood of Christ, whose sacrifice is a perfect and complete one, and by which his people are perfected, and they are complete in him, yet they have no perfection in themselves.

John Gill's Exposition of the Whole Bible (1746–1763) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible

As he shall be able to give - Rather, “as he shall be willing to give.” So also in Eze 46:7.

Albert Barnes' Notes on the Bible (1834–1885) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Sacrifice. See chap. xlv. 24. Flour and oil accompanied the victim. When lambs were presented, this was left to the prince’s devotion (ver. 7, 11.; Calmet) only. If he gave three or four ephies of flour, he must give as many hins of oil. (Haydock)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

An ephah, three bushels of meal, for each ram.

As he shall be able to give; rather, as he shall see good, as much as he thinks fit in decency or in bounty.

An hin; one gallon and a pint, for an hin did contain twelve logs, and each log contained three quarters of a pint, or thereabouts.

To an ephah; which was three times eight gallons, for each ephah contained three bushels: see Eze 46:11. So then one gallon and one pint of oil was required as proportion to three bushels of meal in the meat-offering.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

as he is able to give This teaches that the meal-offerings do not render each other invalid [in each other’s absence].

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

Ezekiel, in the Prophets, opens this verse with 10 words (8 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is mattâth (“gift”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “gift” (mattâth) shape what this verse is saying?
1 Kings 13:7 shares the word «gift» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
“offering” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
These translations render this verse differently; the difference is in the English rendering, not the original. What questions does that raise?
Reading how Trapp's Complete Commentary and Geneva Bible (1599) read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

This verse counts 10 Hebrew ↔ 18 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 10 words in this verse.
“offering” occurs 2× in this single verse.
8 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 10 words in this verse.