1 Chronicles 27:8

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex) 1 Chronicles 27:8 appears in the Hebrew Old Testament. The text above is from the Westminster Leningrad Codex. Each word links to its Strong’s number, a concise gloss, and parsing drawn from the Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible morphology. Click any word for its full Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB) entry.
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1 Chronicles 27:8 (World English Bible). Public Domain. Lemma interlinear Bible study tool, https://lemma.gebible.app/v/1-chronicles/27/8.

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English Translation
The fifth captain for this fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his division were twenty-four thousand.
World English Bible · Public Domain
Highlights
  • 2 hapax legomena — only here in the Hebrew Bible
  • 2 first appearances in the Hebrew Bible
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Compare translations 3

The same verse in 3 English versions, stacked beneath the original-language interlinear above. Click any original word for its lexicon entry.

Each is an independent rendering of the whole verse — the interlinear is not word-aligned to these translations.

Highlighted words mark where these versions differ — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    The fifth captain for this fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his division were twenty-four thousand.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    The fifth captain for the fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his course were twenty and four thousand.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    The fifth, for the fifth month, the commander Shamhuth the Izrahite, and in his division 24,000.

unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult).

Versions to compare (up to 4)

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Show all 18 translations

Every available English version of this verse, each an independent rendering of the whole verse.

  • World English Bible Public Domain
    The fifth captain for this fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his division were twenty-four thousand.
  • Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
    The fifth, for the fifth month, was the commander Shamhuth the Izrahite. There were 24,000 men in his division.
  • Majority Standard Bible Public Domain
    The fifth, for the fifth month, was the commander Shamhuth the Izrahite. There were 24,000 men in his division.
  • King James Version Public Domain
    The fifth captain for the fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his course were twenty and four thousand.
  • American Standard Version (1901) Public Domain
    The fifth captain for this fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his course were twenty and four thousand.
  • Revised Version (1885) Public Domain
    The fifth captain for the fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his course were twenty and four thousand.
  • Geneva Bible (1599) Public Domain
    The fift for ye fift moneth was prince Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his course foure and twentie thousand.
  • Douay-Rheims (1899) Public Domain
    The fifth captain for the fifth month, was Samaoth a Jezerite: and his company were four and twenty thousand.
  • Young's Literal Translation Public Domain
    The fifth, for the fifth month, `is' the prince Shamhuth the Izrahite, and on his course `are' twenty and four thousand.
  • Literal Standard Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    The fifth, for the fifth month, [is] the prince Shamhuth the Izrahite, and twenty-four thousand [are] on his division.
  • Unlocked Literal Bible CC BY-SA 4.0
    The commander for the fifth month was Shamhuth, a descendant of Izrah. In his division were twenty-four thousand men.
  • unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
    The fifth, for the fifth month, the commander Shamhuth the Izrahite, and in his division 24,000.
  • Darby Bible Public Domain
    The fifth for the fifth month was the captain Shamhuth the Jizrahite; and in his division were twenty-four thousand.
  • World Messianic Bible Public Domain
    The fifth captain for the fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite. In his division were twenty-four thousand.
  • Webster's Bible Public Domain
    The fifth captain for the fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his course were twenty and four thousand.
  • Free Bible Version CC BY-SA 4.0
    The fifth, for the fifth month, was the army commander Shamhuth the Izrahite. He had 24,000 men in his division.
  • Bible in Basic English Public Domain
    The fifth captain for the fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite; and in his division were twenty-four thousand.
  • JPS Tanakh (1917) Public Domain
    The fifth captain for the fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite; and in his course were twenty and four thousand.

Literal Standard Version (2020), Covenant Press — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). Unlocked Literal Bible (unfoldingWord) — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org). unfoldingWord Literal Text — © unfoldingWord, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Word-aligned USFM3 via Door43 (git.door43.org/unfoldingWord/en_ult). Free Bible Version, Dr. Jonathan Gallagher — licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Text via the HelloAO Bible API (eBible.org).

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שַׁמְה֣וּת
Shamhûwth
H8049
“Shamhuth”
Noun, Proper
Part of Speech
Noun
Type
Proper
Full BDB Definition

Origin: for H8048

TWOT: None

Shamhuth = "desolation" - the 5th captain (of the military divisions) for the 5th month in the time of David
  1. הַחַמִישִׁי֙ chămîyshîy H2549 “the · fifth” Particle, Definite Article + Adjective, Ordinal number, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  2. לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ chôdesh H2320 “to/for the · month” Preposition, Determined + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  3. הַחֲמִישִׁ֔י chămîyshîy H2549 “the · fifth” Particle, Definite Article + Adjective, Ordinal number, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  4. הַשַּׂ֖ר sar H8269 “the · prince” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  5. הַיִּזְרָ֑ח Yizrâch H3155 “the · Izrahite” Particle, Definite Article + Noun, Gentilic, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  6. וְעַל֙ ʻal H5921 “and · upon” Conjunction + Preposition
  7. מַחֲלֻקְתּ֔וֹ machălôqeth H4256 “course · his” Noun, Common, Feminine, Singular, Construct + Suffix, Personal, 3rd Person, Masculine, Singular
  8. עֶשְׂרִ֥ים ʻesrîym H6242 “twenty” Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Plural, Absolute
  9. וְאַרְבָּעָ֖ה ʼarbaʻ H702 “and · four” Conjunction + Adjective, Cardinal number, Masculine, Singular, Absolute
  10. אָֽלֶף ʼeleph H505 “thousand” Adjective, Cardinal number, Both, Singular, Absolute

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

11
words
10
distinct lemmas
Historical
section

Notable vocabulary

2 hapax legomena — words that appear only here in the entire Hebrew Bible:

  • שַׁמְה֣וּת Shamhuth H8049
  • הַיִּזְרָ֑ח Izrahite H3155

First appearance in Scripture

These words make their first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

  • שַׁמְה֣וּת Shamhuth H8049
  • הַיִּזְרָ֑ח Izrahite H3155

Shared distinctive vocabulary

מַחֲלֻקְתּ֔וֹ course H4256 occurs in 36 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

  • 5 nouns
  • 5 adjectives
  • 1 preposition

Repetition

A word recurs within this verse — often emphatic in Hebrew:

  • הַחַמִישִׁי֙ fifth H2549 ×2

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 18 words from the Hebrew and 20 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 11 Hebrew tokens and 19 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

3

Topical passages linked to 1 Chronicles 27:8 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Chronicles 27:8 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

הַחַמִישִׁי֙ לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַחֲמִישִׁ֔י הַשַּׂ֖ר שַׁמְה֣וּת הַיִּזְרָ֑ח וְעַל֙ מַחֲלֻקְתּ֔וֹ עֶשְׂרִ֥ים וְאַרְבָּעָ֖ה אָֽלֶף

The fifth captain for this fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his division were twenty-four thousand.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Chronicles 27:8 Septuagint · lemma form

ὁ πέμπτος ὁ μήν ὁ πέμπτος ὁ ἡγέομαι σαμαωθ ὁ ιεσραε καί ἐπί ὁ διαίρεσις αὐτός εἴκοσι τέσσαρες χιλιάς

The fifth chief for the fifth month was Samaoth the Jezraite: and in his division were twenty and four thousand.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 1 Chronicles 27:8 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers

(8) The fifth captain for the fifth month.—Rather, the fifth, for the fifth month, was the captain Shamhuth. Shamhuth is called “Shammoth the Harorite” in 1Ch_11:27, and “Shammah the Harodite” in 2Sa_23:25.

The Izrahite.—Heb., ha-yizráh, which is probably a mistake for ha-zarhî, “the Zarhite” (comp. 1Ch_27:11; 1Ch_27:13), i.e., a member of the Judean clan called Zerah. Harod was his town.

A Bible Commentary for English Readers, edited by Charles John Ellicott (1878–1897) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

8. Shamhuth the Izrahite] Perhaps to be identified with “Shammoth the Harorite” of 1Ch_11:27; see note there.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Samaoth. Perhaps Samma, or Sammoth of Arodi, or Arari; places with which we are not acquainted, unless they denote some of his progenitors. Jazer is well known. (Calmet) --- Chap. xxvi. 34.

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

Matthew Poole's English Annotations

Shamhuth; supposed to be the same called Shammah, 2Sa 23:11, and Shammoth, 1Ch 11:27.

Matthew Poole's English Annotations on the Holy Bible (1683–1685) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword/MySword module.

The Pulpit Commentary

Shamhuth. For variations in the form of this name, see ch. 2Sa_23:25. In the former of these passages also we have Harorite in place of our Izrahite, and in the latter Harodite. The Izrahite probably means of the family of Zerah, (1Ch_2:4, 1Ch_2:6) and of course marks one of the tribe of Judah. The Hebrew jrzYih evidently does not justify the form as translated "Izrahite."

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Scofield Reference Notes

C. I. Scofield

fifth month

i.e. August.

The Scofield Reference Bible (1917 edition), notes by C. I. Scofield — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Rashi

Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki (Rashi)

the leader was Shamhuth the Zerahite - Heb. הַיִּזְרָח

Rashi on the Tanakh — English translations: “The Judaica Press complete Tanach with Rashi, translated by A. J. Rosenberg” (CC BY 4.0); “Pentateuch with Rashi's commentary by M. Rosenbaum and A.M. Silbermann, 1929-1934” (public domain); “The Metsudah Tanach series, Lakewood, N.J” (CC BY 4.0); and “The Book of Joshua, Metsudah Publications, 1997” (CC BY 4.0). Text via Sefaria.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 11 words (10 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Shamhûwth (“Shamhuth”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

  1. How does “Shamhuth” (Shamhûwth) shape what this verse is saying?
  2. This verse holds 2 words here found nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible. What might the rare words draw attention to?
  3. 2 words here appear for the first time in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
  4. Joshua 11:23 shares the word «course» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
  5. “fifth” occurs 2× in this one verse. What is the effect of the repetition?
  6. The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
  7. Reading how Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers and The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

  • 2 words in this verse appear nowhere else in the Hebrew Bible.
  • 2 words make their first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
  • This verse counts 11 Hebrew ↔ 19 Greek words.
  • These translations choose different wording for 9 words in this verse.
  • “fifth” occurs 2× in this single verse.

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