1 Chronicles 20:7

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

When he defied Israel, Jonathan the son of Shimea David's brother killed him.

World English Bible · Public Domain

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Word by word

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שִׁמְעָ֖א

Shimʻâʼ

H8092

“Shimea”

Noun, Proper

Appears 6× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at 2 Samuel 21:21

Full BDB Definition

Origin: for H8093

TWOT: None

Shimea = "fame" - son of David by Bathsheba - brother of David, the 3rd son of Jesse - also 'Shammah', 'Shimma', and 'Shimeah' - a Gershonite Levite, father of Berachiah, and grandfather of Asaph - a Merarite Levite, son of Uzzah, and father of Haggiah

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

9: words
9: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is שִׁמְעָ֖א Shimea H8092 — appearing just 6 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

Shared distinctive vocabulary

שִׁמְעָ֖א Shimea H8092 occurs in 6 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
6 nouns
1 particle

Verb forms

וַיְחָרֵ֖ף Piel · Sequential Imperfect
וַיַּכֵּ֨הוּ֙ Hiphil · Sequential Imperfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 13 words from the Hebrew and 16 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 9 Hebrew tokens and 12 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 1 Chronicles 20:7 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

1 Samuel 16:9 Then Jesse made Shammah to pass by. He said, Neither has Yahweh chosen this.
1 Chronicles 2:13 and Jesse became the father of his firstborn Eliab, and Abinadab the second, and Shimea the third,
1 Samuel 17:10 The Philistine said, I defy the armies of Israel this day; give me a man, that we may fight together.
1 Samuel 17:26 David spoke to the men who stood by him, saying, What shall be done to the man who kills this Philistine, and takes away the reproach from Israel? for who is this uncircumcised Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living God?
1 Samuel 17:36 Your servant struck both the lion and the bear: and this uncircumcised Philistine shall be as one of them, seeing he has defied the armies of the living God.
Isaiah 37:23 Whom have you defied and blasphemed? and against whom have you exalted your voice and lifted up your eyes on high? [even] against the Holy One of Israel.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 1 Chronicles 20:7 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

וַיְחָרֵ֖ף אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּכֵּ֨הוּ֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן בֶּן שִׁמְעָ֖א אֲחִ֥י דָוִֽיד

When he defied Israel, Jonathan the son of Shimea David's brother killed him.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 1 Chronicles 20:7 Septuagint · lemma form

καί ὀνειδίζω ὁ ἰσραήλ καί πατάσσω αὐτός ιωναθαν υἱός σαμαα ἀδελφός δαυίδ

And he defied Israel, and Jonathan the son of Samaa the brother of David killed him.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Commentary

Notes on 1 Chronicles 20:7 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

7. defied] R.V. marg., reproached.

Shimea] See 1Ch_3:5, note.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary

Rapha, head of the giants of Palestine. (Calmet)

George Leo Haydock (1774–1849), Haydock's Catholic Family Bible and Commentary, 1859 edition — public domain. Excludes Psalms (Douay-Rheims chapter numbering differs from Protestant) and Deuterocanonical books (Catholic canon only).

The Pulpit Commentary

Jonathan (see 1Sa_13:3; 1Ch_27:32, (comp. also 1Ch_2:13) where it is probable that" nephew" should be read for "uncle"). It is to be noticed that the name of this child of the giant, of twelve fingers and twelve toes, is not mentioned. We are not compelled, therefore, to regard it as remarkable that he of the fifth verse should not be named.

The Pulpit Commentary (1880–1919), ed. H.D.M. Spence-Jones & Joseph S. Exell — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

1 Chronicles, in the Historical, opens this verse with 9 words (9 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is Shimʻâʼ (“Shimea”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

What does “Shimea” (Shimʻâʼ) contribute to the verse as a whole?
2 Samuel 21:21 shares the word «Shimea» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
The verb «וַיְחָרֵ֖ף» is Piel Sequential Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
Reading how The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges and Haydock's Catholic Bible Commentary read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

This verse counts 9 Hebrew ↔ 12 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 10 words in this verse.
9 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 9 words in this verse.