שָׁקַק
to run
also: run about, rush fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Qal verb in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Stem
- Qal
- The basic, simple active stem — the plain form of the verb (“he wrote”). Here: ‘rush at’
Form
- Participle Active
- A verbal adjective expressing ongoing or characteristic action (“writing / one who writes”).
- Imperfect
- An incomplete, ongoing, or future action (“he will / would write”).
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
Person
- 3rd Person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
Gender
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Grammatical forms
- Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Feminine, Singular, Absolute 2 times (33%)
- Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute 2 times (33%)
- Verb, Hithpalpel, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural 1 time (17%)
- Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural 1 time (17%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 6 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H8264 appears — 6 distinct verses across 5 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Psalms 1 verse
Proverbs 1 verse
Isaiah 2 verses
- Isaiah 29:8 שׁוֹקֵקָ֑ה Qal ptcp.act fs It shall be as when a hungry man dreams, and, behold, he eats; but he awakes, and his soul is empty: or as when a thirsty man dreams, and, behold, he drinks; but he awakes, and, behold, he is faint, and his soul has appetite: so shall the multitude of all the nations be, that fight against Mount Zion.
- Isaiah 33:4 שׁוֹקֵ֥ק Qal ptcp.act ms Your spoil shall be gathered as the caterpillar gathers: as locusts leap shall men leap on it.
Joel 1 verse
Nahum 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
שקק (shâqaq) is a Hebrew verb most often rendered “to run.” Debuting at Psalms 107:9, it then recurs through the corpus. With 6 verses in 5 books, it is an uncommon word in the Hebrew Bible. It concentrates in Isaiah, which alone accounts for 33% of its uses. It also covers “run about” and “rush”, alongside “to run” — see its full sense range. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H8264 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 6
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 6 distinct verses.
- 5 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 5 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #3,040
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 3,040 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 6 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 6 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 4 verses · 67%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 2 verses · 33%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Hath appetite 1×, Longing 1×, Ranging 1×
- American Standard Version: Hath appetite 1×, Longing 1×, Ranging 1×
- Berean Standard Bible: Men sweep 1×, Or a charging 1×, Parched 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Charging 1×, Is longing 1×, One is rushing 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H8264 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H8264 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H8264 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H8264 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in the full BDB
Hebrew verbs can shift meaning by stem (binyan): Qal is the basic action, Niphal is often passive or reflexive, Piel often intensifies or makes it factitive, and Hiphil is typically causative. The senses below are grouped under the stem BDB assigns to each. This entry also uses one or more reduplicated stems (the Pōlēl/Pilpēl type), which for hollow or geminate roots behave much like Piel — often intensive or iterative.
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 2 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
Qal
- rush at, upon
Hithpalp
- . of chariots, they rush to and fro.
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
[ שָׁקַק ] vb. run, run about, rush
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Origin: a primitive root
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
שָׁקַק
- (v. שׁוּק I) to desire. Gen. R. s. 44 (play on משק, Gen. XV, 2) that is Lot, שנפשו שׁוֹקֶקֶת עליו וכ׳ whose soul within him longs to be my heir. e.g. Genesis 15:2
- ; Nithpol. נִשְׁתּוֹקֵק, v. שׁוּק I.
שָׁקָק
- (v. שׁוּק III) open place surrounded by groups of buildings. Lam. R. to I, 1 ועל כל ש׳ וש׳ וכ׳ (העיר) each place (in Jerusalem) had twenty-four courts.—Pl. שְׁקָקִים. Ib. ועל כל שוק … ש׳ each street had twenty-four places.
שְׁקָק
- , place, street. Koh. R. to X, 8 דכיתיה (ל)ש׳ פלן hast thou cleaned such and such a place?; Gen. R. s. 79 שוק. Gen. R. s. 17 שְׁקָקֵיה דר׳ וכ׳ the square in which R. J. the Galilean lived (Lev. R. s. 34 שכונתיה); a. fr.—Pl. שְׁקָקַיָּא, שְׁקָקֵי. Targ. Prov. I, 20. Ib. VII, 12; a. e.—Gen. R. l. c. מחזרא ליה על ש׳ דקרתא she led him around (begging) to all the places of the city. Y. Ber. IX, 13ᶜ חכים אנא בש׳ שמיא כש׳ וכ׳ I know the streets of heaven as well as the streets of Nehardea (v. שְׁבִילָא). Gen. R. s. 44 אחוי ליה שׁוֹקְקֵי שמיא he showed him (Abraham) the streets of heaven; Yalk. ib. 76 שקקי שמ׳ (not שקקי׳).
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 6 distinct written forms H8264 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that stem’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| יִֽשְׁתַּקְשְׁק֖וּ/ן | Verb, Hithpalpel, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural | Nahum 2:4 | 1 |
| יָשֹׁ֗קּוּ | Verb, Qal, Imperfect, 3rd Person, Masculine, Plural | Joel 2:9 | 1 |
| שֹׁקֵקָ֑ה | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Psalms 107:9 | 1 |
| שׁוֹקֵ֑ק | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Proverbs 28:15 | 1 |
| שׁוֹקֵ֥ק | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Isaiah 33:4 | 1 |
| שׁוֹקֵקָ֑ה | Verb, Qal, Participle Active, Feminine, Singular, Absolute | Isaiah 29:8 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H8264, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 6 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 6 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
