שׁוּר
wall
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
See every Absolute-state word in the Hebrew Bible →
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
- Feminine
- Grammatically feminine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
- Plural
- More than one (in Hebrew, generally three or more).
Grammatical forms
- Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute 3 times (75%)
- Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Construct 1 time (25%)
Parsed forms decoded from the imported morphology (morphhb / Westminster Leningrad Codex — WLC text public domain, morphhb tagging CC BY 4.0), counted across 4 parsed occurrences — not distinct verses.
Every verse where H7791 appears — 4 distinct verses across 4 books. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
Genesis 1 verse
2 Samuel 1 verse
Job 1 verse
Psalms 1 verse
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
שור (shûwr) is a Hebrew noun most often rendered “wall.” The Hebrew Bible uses it only 4 verses. It concentrates in Genesis, which alone accounts for 25% of its uses. Debuting at Genesis 49:22, it then recurs through the corpus. From the same root come שור, שור and שור. For the data behind this summary, explore the sense tree and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H7791 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 4
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 4 distinct verses.
- 4 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 4 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #3,696
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 3,696 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 4 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 4 distinct verses.
- Writings (Ketuvim) 2 verses · 50%
- Torah (Pentateuch) 1 verse · 25%
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 1 verse · 25%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Wall 2×
- American Standard Version: Wall 2×
- Berean Standard Bible: Wall 3×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Over a wall 2×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H7791 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H7791 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H7791 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 1 rendering that appears only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H7791 across 4 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in BDB
The 1 sense BDB distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- wall
Word origin
n.f. prob. row of olives or vines (so Du Buhl al.; cf. NH שׁוּרָה, JAram. שׁוּרְתָא row, whence mod. Arabic شورة as loan-word, cf. VogelstLandwirthschaft 41 f.);—pl. sf. שׁוּרֹתָם Jb 24:11 (al. ii. שׁוּר); Bu and Du del. sf.; here also Je 5:10 (reading שֻׁ׳) Du Buhl Dr, her (vine-)rows, but v. ii. שׁוּר.
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from שור (shûwr) (H7788) — to travel.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
שְׁוָורִים
- , pl. of שׁוֹר.
שְׁוַר
- , v. שְׁוַור, שַׁוָּור.
שׁוּר I
- to sing; Polel שׁוֹרֵר, v. שִׁיר I.
שׁוּר II
- מִדְבַּר ש׳ desert of Shur (caravan road), v. כּוּב, a. next. w.
שׁוּר III
- 1. wall, fortification, stronghold. Gen. R. s. 98 (ref. to שׁוֹר, Gen. XLIX, 6; v. Targ. O. a. Y. 1) עקרתון שׁוּרָן של גרים you have uprooted the stronghold (reliance) of proselytes (by dealing faithlessly with the Shechemites); בשביל … עקרתם שורן וכ׳ in order to gratify your passion, you have uprooted &c. e.g. Genesis 49:6
- 2. protected habitation, civilized condition (cmp. יִשּׁוּב), opp. מדבר. Ex. R. s. 24 (play on מדבר שור, Ex. XV, 22) עד שלא יצאו … נעשה העולם ש׳ before Israel went out of Egypt, the world was a desert (lawless); when they went forth, the world became civilized; עד שלא קיבלו … ש׳ before Israel received the Law, the world was a desert; when they received it, the world became &c. e.g. Exodus 15:22
שׁוּר
- 1. wall, fortification. Targ. O. Gen. XLIX, 6 (Y. I שׁוֹר; v. preced.). Targ. Lam. II, 8. Targ. Prov. XXV, 28; a. fr.—Lam. R. to II, 8 (expl. חל וחומה, ib.) ש׳ ובר ש׳ the large circumvallation and the smaller wall; Pes. 86ᵃ; Y. ib. VII, 35ᵇ bot. Y. B. Bath. II, 13ᵇ bot. ש׳ דחמץ the wall of Emesa; M.M. Kat. 26ᵃ ש׳ דלודקיא the wall of Laodicea; a. fr.—Pl. שׁוּרִין, שׁוּרַיָּא. Targ. Ex. XIV, 22. Targ. II Kings XXV, 4. Targ. O. Deut. XXVIII, 52; a. fr.
- 2. (v. שׁוּרָה) line, road. Y. Keth. VII, 31ᶜ, v. פּוּתְיָא.—V. שׁוּרְתָא.
שׁוֹר I
- , Fl. to Levy Talm. Dict. IV, p. 680) ox. B. Kam. 65ᵇ ש׳ בן יומו קרוי ש׳ an ox on the day of his birth is called shor (by ref. to Lev. XXII, 27). Ib. I, 1 הש׳ damage done by an ox (Ex. XXI, 28; XXII, 4). Ib. IV, 7 ש׳ המדבר the ox of the desert (aurochs, being ownerless). Kil. VIII, 6; Ḥull. 80ᵃ בר(ה) ש׳ wild ox, aurochs; a. fr.—Erub. 53ᵇ (in enigmatic speech) ש׳ משפט (not במשפט) = תור דין = תְּרָדִין, v. תְּרָדָא I.—Pl. שְׁוָורִים, שְׁוָורִין, שְׁוָר׳. Gen. R. s. 75 (ref. to Gen. XXXII, 6) משור אחד יצאו ש׳ הרבה from the one ox (which I originally possessed) many oxen went forth. B. Kam. III, 8. Y. Gitt. IX, 46ᵈ bot.; a. fr. e.g. Leviticus 22:27
שׁוֹר II
- chain, cord, esp. umbilical cord. Lev. R. s. 5 ואני חותכת את שׁוֹרְךָ and I shall cut thy umbilical cord (with which thou art attached to me); Yalk. Job 908 טבורך).
שִׁיר I
- denom. of next w.) to sing. Ber. 14ᵇ ושַׁרְנוּ לך and we sang (praises) unto thee. Snh. 91ᵇ (ref. to Ex. XV, 1) שָׁר לא נאמר אלא יָשִׁיר it does not read, ‘he sang’; but, ‘he shall sing’; Mekh. B’shall., Shir., s. 1; a. e. e.g. Exodus 15:1
- ) שׁוֹרֵר same. Num. R. s. 3 (play on ב̇כ̇וש̇ר̇ות, Ps. LXVIII, 7) אותן שהיו ב̇וכ̇ין … מְ֗ש̇ו̇רְ֗רִין עכשיו those who formerly wept …, were now singing. Ib. ועבד מְשׁוֹרֵר וכ׳ and the slave sings, because he is relieved &c. B. Bath. 120ᵃ מְשׁוֹרְרִים לפניה went singing (bridal songs) before her; a. fr.—[Midr. Till. to Ps. CXVI באין ושוררין, read: ושׁוֹרִין, v. שָׁרָה II.]—מְשׁוֹרֵר singer, esp. Temple singer (Levite). Arakh. 11ᵇ מ׳ ששיער ומשוער ששורר if one designated as a singer acts as gate-guard, or a gate-guard acts as singer; a. fr.—Pl. מְשׁוֹרְרִים, מְשׁוֹרְרִין. Ib. שאתה מן המ׳ וכ׳ for thou belongest to the singers, and not to the gate-guards; a. fr. e.g. Psalms 68:7
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 2 distinct written forms H7791 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| שֽׁוּר | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Genesis 49:22 | 3 |
| שׁוּרֹתָ֥/ם | Noun, Common, Feminine, Plural, Construct | Job 24:11 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H7791, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Derived from this word
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 9 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 3 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 4 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
