2 Samuel 22:30

Hebrew (Westminster Leningrad Codex)

English Translation

For by you I run on a troop; By my God do I leap over a wall.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Highlights

1 first appearance in the Hebrew Bible

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Word by word

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שֽׁוּר

shûwr

H7791

“wall”

Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute

Appears 4× in the Hebrew Bible
First appears at Genesis 49:22

Full BDB Definition

Origin: from H7788

TWOT: 2355b

wall

About this verse

These counts appear in no published source. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged text and Lemma’s own curated glosses. What Lemma adds →

7: words
6: distinct lemmas
Historical: section

Notable vocabulary

The rarest word here is שֽׁוּר wall H7791 — appearing just 4 times in the whole Hebrew Bible.

First appearance in Scripture

This word makes its first canonical appearance in the Hebrew Bible here:

אֲדַלֶּג to leap H1801

Shared distinctive vocabulary

שֽׁוּר wall H7791 occurs in 4 verses of the Hebrew Bible. Also found in:

Grammatical profile

2 verbs
3 nouns
1 preposition
1 conjunction

Verb forms

אָר֣וּץ Qal · Imperfect
אֲדַלֶּג Piel · Imperfect

Hebrew & Septuagint length

In English translation the verse runs 17 words from the Hebrew and 20 from the Septuagint (LXX English) — closely comparable.

A rough comparison of the two English renderings, which tokenize alike — not a word-level alignment.

Word counts can differ between the Hebrew and the Greek without any difference in meaning — e.g. the Hebrew direct-object marker אֵת has no separate Greek word, and Greek often adds the article ὁ.

In the original languages it is 7 Hebrew tokens and 12 Greek tokens — but the two are counted differently (Hebrew bundles its prefixes and suffixes into one token; the Greek is in lemma form), so that isn’t a like-for-like length.

Cross-references

Topical passages linked to 2 Samuel 22:30 in the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge — connected by theme and wording, ordered by reader-vote popularity; previews shown in the World English Bible.

Psalms 18:29 For by you, I advance through a troop. By my God, I leap over a wall.
Philippians 4:13 I can do all things through Christ, who strengthens me.
Psalms 118:10–12 All the nations surrounded me, But in the name of Yahweh, I cut them off.
Romans 8:37 No, in all these things, we are more than conquerors through him who loved us.

Cross-references courtesy of OpenBible.info (CC BY 4.0).

Hebrew and Greek witnesses Masoretic Hebrew ↔ Greek Septuagint

The same verse in the two great witnesses to the Old Testament, shown verse-for-verse.

These are two independent witnesses, not word-aligned to each other, and the Septuagint is shown in lemma (dictionary) form.

Hebrew 2 Samuel 22:30 Masoretic · Westminster Leningrad Codex

כִּ֥י בְכָ֖ה אָר֣וּץ גְּד֑וּד בֵּאלֹהַ֖י אֲדַלֶּג שֽׁוּר

For by you I run on a troop; By my God do I leap over a wall.

World English Bible · Public Domain

Greek LXX 2 Samuel 22:30 Septuagint · lemma form

ὅτι ἐν σύ τρέχω μονόζωνος καί ἐν ὁ θεός ἐγώ ὑπερβαίνω τεῖχος

For by you shall I run as a girded man, and by my God shall I leap over a wall.

LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) · Public Domain

Hebrew: Westminster Leningrad Codex (CC BY 4.0). Greek: Septuagint (public domain); English from LXX2012 (modern English Septuagint) (Public Domain). How the Septuagint differs from the Hebrew →

Targum (Aramaic paraphrase)

The Targum is the ancient Jewish Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures — an interpretive translation, not the Hebrew text itself. Onkelos (literal) and Pseudo-Jonathan (expansive) render the Torah, and Jonathan the Prophets. Coverage is partial: where no permissively-licensed English translation exists for a verse, only the Aramaic is shown. This is verse-level text, not a word-by-word alignment to the Hebrew.

Targum Jonathan Prophets (Joshua–Malachi)

אֲרֵי בְמֵימְרָךְ אַסְגֵי מַשִׁרְיָן וּבְמֵימַר אֱלָהָי אֲכַבֵּשׁ כָּל כְּרַכִּין תַּקִיפִין:

(no public-domain English translation for this verse)

Targum Jonathan — Aramaic: “Mikraot Gedolot” (public domain). English: “Sefaria Community Translation” (CC0 1.0 (public-domain dedication)); “London "Chaldee Paraphrase," 1871” (public domain). Text via Sefaria.

Commentary

Notes on 2 Samuel 22:30 from classic Christian and Jewish commentators (each source and its license shown beneath its notes). The classic Christian expositions comment on the surrounding passage and are grouped to its opening verse, so a note may address several verses; the Jewish commentaries on the Tanakh (Rashi and others) are per-verse, so they appear only where the commentator wrote on this verse.

Lemma curates 59 commentaries, every one of them public domain or Creative Commons licensed, each selected and text-cleaned for this edition rather than reprinted as found. About our sources →

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges

gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne

30. Two memorable events in David’s life seem to be here alluded to: the successful pursuit of the predatory “troop” of Amalekites which had sacked Ziklag (1 Samuel 30 : in 2Sa_22:8; 2Sa_22:15; 2Sa_22:23 the same word troop is used of the Amalekites): and the capture of Zion, effected with such ease that he seemed to have leapt over the walls which its defenders trusted were impregnable (ch. 2Sa_5:6-8).

run through] Better, run after. The point is the speed of the pursuit, not the completeness of the defeat. This and not the marginal rendering broken is preferable.

The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges (gen. ed. J. J. S. Perowne; Cambridge University Press, 1878–1918) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Whedon's Commentary on the Bible

Daniel D. Whedon

30. Run a troop — גדוד, a band of warriors. The allusion is to forcing one’s way through a hostile army. The thought may be either that, being surrounded by hostile troops, he runs through them and escapes, or that, being himself the attacking party, he forces his way, and runs triumphantly into and through the ranks of the foe.

Leap a wall — Mount fortifications and bulwarks, so as to take the enemies’ defences by storm.

Daniel D. Whedon (gen. ed.), Commentary on the Old and New Testaments (1874–1909) — public domain. Text from a community e-Sword module.

Keil & Delitzsch

C. F. Keil & F. Delitzsch

In the strength of his God he could run hostile troops and leap walls, i.e., overcome every hostile power. ארוּץ, not from רצץ, to smash in pieces, but from רוּץ, to run; construed with the accusative according to the analogy of verbs of motion.

Keil & Delitzsch — Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament (1861–1891) — public domain (CC PDM 1.0). Text via the HelloAO Bible API. (Old Testament only.)

unfoldingWord translationNotes

Door43 World Missions Community

General Information:

David continues his song to Yahweh.

I can run over a barricade

Here "barricade" may refer to a group of soldiers or to a stone wall. Either way it means God enables David to defeat his enemies.

I can leap over a wall

David is exaggerating to emphasize Yahweh's help. AT: "I can climb over the wall that surrounds their city" (See: Hyperbole and Generalization)

The word of Yahweh is pure

"Everything Yahweh says is true"

He is a shield

The metaphor "a shield" emphasizes God's power to protect his people. (See: Metonymy)

translationWords

God

perfect

word of God

shield

refuge

unfoldingWord translationNotes — © Distant Shores Media and the Door43 World Missions Community, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0. Source: git.door43.org/Door43/en_tn.

Lesson kit

Teaching starters — assembled from the data on this page, not authored interpretation. Every prompt links to the verse data it draws on. Edit before teaching.

2 Samuel, in the Historical, opens this verse with 7 words (6 distinct Hebrew lemmas). Its most distinctive word is shûwr (“wall”). A historical commentator’s framing appears above. Read the whole chapter for the surrounding context.

Discussion questions

How does “wall” (shûwr) shape what this verse is saying?
The word “to leap” first appears here in Scripture. What is being introduced at this debut?
Genesis 49:22 shares the word «wall» with this verse. How do the two illuminate each other?
The translations on this page render this verse differently — a whole-verse word diff, not a word-by-word alignment. What might account for the different wordings?
The verb «אָר֣וּץ» is Qal Imperfect. How does its form color the action?
Reading how The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges and Whedon's Commentary on the Bible read this verse, where do the two commentators agree and where do they part?

Things to notice

1 word makes its first canonical appearance in Scripture here.
This verse counts 7 Hebrew ↔ 12 Greek words.
These translations choose different wording for 7 words in this verse.
6 distinct Hebrew lemmas span 7 words in this verse.