מָנוֹס
refuge
also: flight, place of escape fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
From Brown-Driver-Briggs (BDB)
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Noun
- A naming word — a person, place, thing, or idea.
Noun type
- Common
- A common noun — a general class of person, place, or thing (“king,” “city,” “water”), not a specific name.
State
- Absolute
- The independent form of a noun, not bound to a following word.
- Construct
- A noun bound to a following noun in a possessive / “of” relationship (the construct chain).
Gender
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where H4498 appears in the Book of 2 Samuel — 1 distinct verse. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Hebrew form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Hebrew Bible; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences are not indexed here.
2 Samuel
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
At its core, מנוס (mânôwç) means “refuge.” Scripture first uses it in 2 Samuel 22:3. With 8 verses in 5 books, it is an uncommon word in the Hebrew Bible. Its uses concentrate in Jeremiah (38% of all occurrences). Beyond its headline sense, its full sense range takes in “flight” and “place of escape”. Dig into 8-verse concordance and the renderings breakdown below.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's H4498 catalogs a Hebrew word from the Hebrew Old Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Hebrew Old Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 8
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 8 distinct verses.
- 5 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 5 of 39 Old Testament books.
- #2,625
- by frequency
- Top 5000 most frequent Hebrew words (rank 2,625 of 8,640 Hebrew words by occurrence).
View all 8 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the Old Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Each share is this word’s portion of its verses in that division of the Hebrew canon. Each figure is a share of the word’s 8 distinct verses.
- Prophets (Nevi'im) 5 verses · 63%
- Writings (Ketuvim) 3 verses · 38%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Refuge 4×
- American Standard Version: Refuge 3×
- Berean Standard Bible: Refuge 4×, Escape 2×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Refuge 5×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders H4498 across 7 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 3 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings. Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders H4498 across 7 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 4 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders H4498 across 8 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders H4498 across 7 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Plus 2 renderings that appear only once — usually multi-word phrases or single function words the recovered tagging swept in, not distinct renderings.
Senses in the full BDB
What do BDB’s symbols mean?
BDB uses these scholarly abbreviations:
| Symbol | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 𝔊 | the Septuagint (the ancient Greek translation, LXX) |
| 𝔙 | the Vulgate (the Latin translation) |
| 𝔖 | the Syriac version (the Peshitta) |
| 𝔗 | the Targum (the Aramaic translation) |
| ψ | the Psalms |
| √ | root (the underlying root or stem) |
| ‖ | parallel passage (a synonymous or contrasted parallel) |
| † | the dagger: every passage where the word occurs is cited |
The 2 senses and sub-senses the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency), with BDB’s own verbatim wording and sub-sense lettering. Shown in Hebrew script with BDB’s own scholarly abbreviations. The condensed entry is in the Lexicon Entry tab. See also the Forms in the corpus table below.
- 1. flight, acc. cogn. c. נוּס Je 46:5. e.g. Jeremiah 46:5
- 2. (place of) escape; אָבַד מ׳ מִן escape perished from, = there was no escape for, Am 2:14 Je 25:35 Jb 11:20 ψ 142:5; of י׳ as a refuge 2 S 22:3 (‖ משׂגב; מנוס וגו׳ not ‖ ψ 18:3; text disputed, Kit Bu retain in Sm, Klo Bae Löhr Du ins. in ψ; ψ 59:17 (‖ id.); Je 16:19 (‖ עז, מעוז). e.g. Amos 2:14
Senses from the full Brown-Driver-Briggs lexicon (Brown, Driver, Briggs; Oxford 1906 — public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). Full attribution on Sources.
Word origin
n.m. Am 2:14 1. flight. 2. place of escape, refuge;—abs. מ׳ Am 2:14 + 5 times; sf. מְנוּסִי 2 S 22:3 Je 16:19;—
— Brown-Driver-Briggs (Oxford 1906, public domain), digitized via Sefaria, supplemented by the OpenScriptures HebrewLexicon (CC BY 4.0). See Sources.
Derived from נוס (nûwç) (H5127) — to flee.
Jastrow Dictionary
A second Hebrew/Aramaic lexicon for comparison, covering Aramaic and post-biblical (Talmudic, Targumic, Midrashic) usage that the biblical-Hebrew BDB does not. Matched by lemma rather than by Strong’s number, so a lemma may carry more than one Jastrow headword (shown separately below), and the entries cover usage well beyond the Bible.
טַוְורוֹס
- (Ταῦρος) Taurus Amanus (v. אֲמָנָה II,
- 2. corresp. to Hor-Hahar. Targ. Y. Num. XXXIV, 7, sq. (O. הר טורא).—Targ. Y. ib. XX, 22; 25; Targ. Y. I Deut. XXXII, 50 (!) (Y. II a. O. הור טורא).
מָנוֹס
- refuge. Ex. R. s. 1 נתן מ׳ למשה וכ׳ suffered Moses to take refuge with an idolater. Yalk. Job 906; Yalk. Jud. 41, v. לוּן; a. e.
A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature (Marcus Jastrow; London, Luzac, 1903) — Public Domain. Digitized via Sefaria. Digitized via Sefaria. Full attribution on Sources.
Forms in the corpus
The 8 distinct written forms H4498 takes in the Hebrew Bible, most frequent first — each parse links to that state’s occurrences in the concordance. Hebrew forms include their vowel points and cantillation, so a single lemma takes many written forms.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| וּ/מְנוּסִ֔/י | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | 2 Samuel 22:3 | 1 |
| וּ/מְנוּסִ֖/י | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Construct | Jeremiah 16:19 | 1 |
| וּ/מָנ֥וֹס | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Jeremiah 46:5 | 1 |
| וּ֝/מָנ֗וֹס | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Psalms 59:16 | 1 |
| וּ֭/מָנוֹס | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Job 11:20 | 1 |
| מָנ֖וֹס | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Jeremiah 25:35 | 1 |
| מָנ֣וֹס | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Psalms 142:4 | 1 |
| מָנוֹס֙ | Noun, Common, Masculine, Singular, Absolute | Amos 2:14 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other BDB entries built from the same root as H4498, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
Derived from this word
Compare all same-root words → They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint verse parallels
This word appears in 6 verses that also exist in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), out of the 8 Hebrew verses it occurs in. You can read those verses in Greek by switching the Old Testament edition to the Septuagint.
Read these verses in the Septuagint
This is a verse-level parallel only — the same verses exist in both the Hebrew and Greek Old Testaments. No word-level Hebrew↔Greek correspondence is claimed: the data carries no such alignment, so no Greek word is shown as this Hebrew word’s translation. Coverage is not total — the Septuagint omits the deuterocanon and renumbers the Psalms, so some Hebrew verses have no direct Greek parallel.
