ἐπίκειμαι
to lie upon
‘to lie upon’ is one of 2 main senses fuller range ↓
Full lexicon entry — Thayer's Greek Lexicon
From Thayer's Greek Lexicon
Where this word appears
Grammar key — what these labels mean
Part of speech
- Verb
- An action or state-of-being word.
Tense
- Imperfect
- Continuous or repeated action in past time (“was writing”).
- Present
- Ongoing or general action in present time (imperfective aspect).
Voice
- Middle or Passive deponent
- Middle/passive in form but active in meaning.
Mood
- Indicative
- States a fact or asks a factual question (the mood of reality).
- Infinitive
- A verbal noun (“to write”), unmarked for person or number.
- Participle
- A verbal adjective (“writing,” “having written”).
Case
- Accusative
- The case of the direct object and of extent.
- Genitive
- The case of source, possession, or “of” — answers “whose / from what.”
- Nominative
- The case of the subject (and the predicate nominative).
Person
- 3rd person
- The one spoken about (“he / she / it / they”).
Gender
- Neuter
- Grammatically neuter.
- Masculine
- Grammatically masculine.
Number
- Plural
- More than one.
- Singular
- One.
Every verse where G1945 appears in the Book of 1 Corinthians — 1 distinct verse. Click any verse to open its interlinear word-by-word view. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context — . Each verse’s Greek form is shown with its reference; the English is not keyword-highlighted, since the data carries no word-level English alignment. Use “Compare translations” on any verse to read it across multiple English versions. This concordance covers the Greek New Testament; Septuagint (Greek Old Testament) occurrences of this word are not indexed here.
1 Corinthians
About this entry
At a glance — auto-summarized from this page’s data, not written by a person. Every figure links to its source below. This summary describes the numbers; it doesn’t interpret them.
“to lie upon” is the headline sense of the Greek verb επικειμαι (epíkeimai). Scripture first uses it in Luke 5:1. It appears 7 verses across 5 books of the Greek New Testament, among its uncommon vocabulary. More than a quarter of its appearances fall in Luke. Catalogued under 2 senses, its meaning is not single-sense. The sections below give every sense, occurrence, and version rendering.
Gloss history
Strong's 1890 vs modern scholarship
About this word
Strong's G1945 catalogs a Greek word from the Greek New Testament.
These counts are not copied from any lexicon or concordance. They are computed here, from the morphology-tagged Greek New Testament. What Lemma adds →
- 7
- distinct verses
- The word appears in 7 distinct verses.
- 5 / 27
- NT books
- The word appears in 5 of 27 New Testament books.
- #1,358
- by frequency
- Top 2500 most frequent Greek words (rank 1,358 of 5,347 Greek words by occurrence).
View all 7 occurrences in the concordance →
By section of the New Testament
By traditional corpus
Conventional, traditional groupings — biblical authorship is debated, so this is a traditional corpus grouping, not an authorship claim. Some books belong to more than one corpus (Luke is in both the Gospels and the Lukan corpus, and so on), so these shares overlap and need not total 100%. Each figure is a share of the word’s 7 distinct verses.
- Gospels 4 verses · 57%
- Lukan (Luke–Acts) 3 verses · 43%
- Johannine 2 verses · 29%
- Pauline corpus 1 verse · 14%
- Hebrews 1 verse · 14%
How translations render this word
Counts come from each version’s own published word-to-Strong’s tagging or interlinear alignment — an approximate guide to how each version renders this word, not a word-level alignment the data otherwise carries. Because each total is that version’s own tagged count, the per-version totals vary from one another and need not match the appearance or distinct-verse counts above. These counts may also differ from a printed concordance because Lemma counts each distinctly tagged rendering and does not collapse phrase taggings into a single head-word total. This is a fixed set of word-tagged versions (KJV, ASV, BSB, ULT) and does not change with the reading translation you choose elsewhere. Each version’s license is shown beside its name below (and on Sources).
- King James Version: Imposed 1×, Is laid upon 1×, Lay 1×
- American Standard Version: Imposed 1×, Is laid 1×, Laid thereon 1×
- Berean Standard Bible: Continued to batter us 1×, Imposed 1×, It 1×
- unfoldingWord Literal Text: Being imposed 1×, Is placed 1×, Laid on it 1×
King James Version Public Domain
Renders G1945 across 7 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
American Standard Version Public Domain
Renders G1945 across 7 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Berean Standard Bible Public Domain
Renders G1945 across 6 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Not rendered by a distinct English word in 1 further occurrence.
unfoldingWord Literal Text CC BY-SA 4.0
Renders G1945 across 7 tagged occurrences — most commonly:
Senses in Thayer's
The 2 senses Thayer's distinguishes for this word, in lexicon order (not ranked by frequency or importance). The full entry — with sub-senses — is in the Lexicon Entry tab.
- to lie upon or over, rest upon, be laid or placed upon
- metaph.
Word origin
Derived from επι (epí) (G1909) — upon.
Forms in the corpus
The 7 distinct written forms G1945 takes in the Greek New Testament, most frequent first — each parse links to that tense’s occurrences in the concordance.
| Form | Parsing | Example | Uses |
|---|---|---|---|
| ἐπέκειντο epékeinto | Verb, Imperfect, Middle or Passive deponent, Indicative, 3rd person, Plural | Luke 23:23 | 1 |
| ἐπέκειτο epékeito | Verb, Imperfect, Middle or Passive deponent, Indicative, 3rd person, Singular | John 11:38 | 1 |
| ἐπίκειται epíkeitai | Verb, Present, Middle or Passive deponent, Indicative, 3rd person, Singular | 1 Corinthians 9:16 | 1 |
| ἐπικείμενα epikeímena | Verb, Present, Middle or Passive deponent, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Neuter | Hebrews 9:10 | 1 |
| ἐπικείμενον epikeímenon | Verb, Present, Middle or Passive deponent, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Neuter | John 21:9 | 1 |
| ἐπικειμένου epikeiménou | Verb, Present, Middle or Passive deponent, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine | Acts 27:20 | 1 |
| ἐπικεῖσθαι epikeîsthai | Verb, Present, Middle or Passive deponent, Infinitive | Luke 5:1 | 1 |
Same root — word family
Other Thayer's entries built from the same root as G1945, grouped by Strong’s listed origin. These share a root / origin per the lexicon — not necessarily a shared meaning. Each links to that word’s own entry.
Derives from
Shares the same root
- επαγγελλω epangéllō G1861 to announce
- επαγω epágō G1863 to bring upon
- επαγωνιζομαι epagōnízomai G1864 to contend
- επαθροιζω epathroízō G1865 to gather together
- επαινεω epainéō G1867 to approve
- επαινος épainos G1868 approval
- επαιρω epaírō G1869 to lift up
- επαισχυνομαι epaischýnomai G1870 to be ashamed
- επαιτεω epaitéō G1871 to ask repeatedly
- επακουω epakoúō G1873 to give ear to
- επακροαομαι epakroáomai G1874 to listen to
- επαν epán G1875 after
- επαναγκες epánankes G1876 necessarily
- επαναγω epanágō G1877 to lead back
- επαναμιμνησκω epanamimnḗskō G1878 to remind
- επαναπαυομαι epanapaúomai G1879 to rest upon
- επανερχομαι epanérchomai G1880 to return
- επανισταμαι epanístamai G1881 to raise up against
- επανορθωσις epanórthōsis G1882 correction
- επανω epánō G1883 above
- επαρκεω eparkéō G1884 to avail
- επαρχια eparchía G1885 office of governor
- επαυλις épaulis G1886 farm
- επαυριον epaúrion G1887 the next day
+110 more words share this root (not shown).
Proper names from this root
People and places named from this root — a name, not an additional meaning of the word.
Compare all same-root words → Showing 4 of 137 — not the complete family. 1 of the same-root words is a proper name (a person or place). They share a root, not necessarily a meaning.
Septuagint usage
The same Greek word επικειμαι appears 3 times in the Greek Old Testament (Septuagint), across 3 verses in 2 books.
- 3
- LXX occurrences
- Tagged occurrences of this Greek word in the Septuagint.
- 3
- verses
- Distinct Septuagint verses containing this word.
- 2 / 39
- OT books
- The word appears in 2 of the 39 Old Testament books.
Sample Septuagint occurrences
- Exodus 36:38 ἐπικεῖμαι
- Job 19:3 ἐπικεῖμαι
Septuagint occurrences (same lexeme)
Every verse where the same Strong’s number (G1945) appears in the Greek Septuagint. Verse text shown in the World English Bible for context; the Greek form is the matched word — the English is not keyword-highlighted.
- Exodus 36:38 ἐπικεῖμαι and the five pillars of it with their hooks. He overlaid their capitals and their fillets with gold, and their five sockets were of brass.
- Job 19:3 ἐπικεῖμαι You have reproached me ten times. You aren't ashamed that you attack me.
- Job 21:27 ἐπικεῖμαι "Behold, I know your thoughts, The devices with which you would wrong me.
These are occurrences of the same Greek lexeme (G1945) in the Septuagint — not a translation of any one Hebrew word. The store carries no word-level Hebrew↔Greek alignment, so no Hebrew original is asserted here. Counts come from the recovered LXX Strong's tagging — high-frequency vocabulary is well covered, while rare or late forms may be untagged — so they reflect tagged occurrences and may slightly undercount.
